Energy efficient technologies for 5G: overview, classification and qualitative comparison
Résumé
The deployment of 5G networks has led to an increase in energy consumption, which raises a significant challenge for sustainability. In this paper, we present a comparative analysis of different families of energy efficient technologies for 5G networks. We first examine energy-efficient hardware and protocols, which have been widely studied and implemented in various industries. Next, we will discuss on intelligent network management, which has gained attention in recent years due to its potential for long-term sustainability and resilience. We then explore green energy harvesting and transfer methods, including solar panels and radio frequency harvesting, and finally, we will discuss on smart grid-enabled green networks. Our work shows that a combination of various techniques from these categories can lead to significant energy savings in the long run. We demonstrate in this paper that the objectives of most of the research on energy efficiency for 5G are only for increasing performance with the same energy cost. Often, the efficient energy cost is only a side effect of the results, and not the main objectives of the research. We show in this paper the need for more research with energy efficiency as the main objectives.
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