L. Arseneault, M. Cannon, J. Witton, and R. Murray, Causal association between cannabis and psychosis: examination of the evidence, The British Journal of Psychiatry, vol.184, issue.2, pp.110-117, 2004.
DOI : 10.1192/bjp.184.2.110

M. Glass and C. Feider, Concurrent stimulation of cannabinoid CB1 and dopamine D2 receptors augments, J. Neurosci, vol.17, pp.5327-5333, 1997.

P. Prather, N. Martin, C. Breivogel, and R. Childers, Activation of cannabinoid receptors in rat brain by WIN 55212-2 produces coupling to multiple G proteinsubunits with different potencies, Mol. Pharmacol, vol.57, pp.1000-1010, 2000.

K. Mackie, Y. Lay, R. Westenbroeck, and R. Mitchell, Cannabinoids activate an inwardly rectifying potassium, J. Neurosci, vol.15, pp.6552-6561, 1995.

M. Bouaboula, C. Poinot-chazel, B. Bourrie, X. Canax, I. Rinaldi et al., Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases by stimulation of the central cannabinoid receptor CB1, Biochemical Journal, vol.312, issue.2, pp.637-641, 1995.
DOI : 10.1042/bj3120637

X. Pharmacology, Classification of cannabinoid receptors, Pharmacol Rev, vol.54, pp.161-202, 2002.

K. Rice, Cannabinoid receptor localization in brain, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1990, pp.1992-1936

S. Agurell and K. Leander, Stability, transfer and absorption of cannabinoid constituents of cannabis (hashish) during smoking, Acta Pharm Suec, vol.8, pp.391-402, 1971.

J. Zacny and L. Chait, Breathhold duration and response to marijuana smoke, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, vol.33, issue.2
DOI : 10.1016/0091-3057(89)90534-0

T. Abernathy, L. Massad, and L. Romano-dwyer, The relationship between smoking and self-esteem, Adolescence, vol.30, pp.899-907, 1995.

M. Newcomb and P. Bentler, Consequences of Adolescent Drug Use: Impact on the lives of young adults, 1988.

J. Van-os, M. Bak, and M. Hanssen, Cannabis Use and Psychosis: A Longitudinal Population-based Study, American Journal of Epidemiology, vol.156, issue.4, pp.319-327, 2002.
DOI : 10.1093/aje/kwf043

D. Fergusson, L. Horwood, and N. Swain-campbell, Cannabis dependence and psychotic symptoms in young people, Psychological Medicine, vol.33, issue.01, pp.15-21, 2003.
DOI : 10.1017/S0033291702006402

. Larousse, Encyclopédie médicale. s.l. : Larousse

A. Ameri, The effects of cannabinoids on the brain, Progress in Neurobiology, vol.58, issue.4, pp.315-363, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0301-0082(98)00087-2

B. Park, H. Gibbons, M. Mitchell, and M. Glass, Identification of the CB1 Cannabinoid Receptor and Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH) in the Human Placenta, Placenta, vol.24, issue.10, pp.990-995, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0143-4004(03)00165-6

L. Karila, O. Cazas, T. Danel, and M. Reynaud, Cons??quences ?? court et long terme d???une exposition pr??natale au cannabis, Journal de Gyn??cologie Obst??trique et Biologie de la Reproduction, vol.35, issue.1, pp.62-70, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/S0368-2315(06)76373-6

S. Linn, S. Schoenbaum, and R. Monson, The association of marijuana use with outcome of pregnancy., American Journal of Public Health, vol.73, issue.10, pp.1161-1165, 1983.
DOI : 10.2105/AJPH.73.10.1161

P. Fried, O. Connell, and C. , A comparaison of the effects of prenatal exposure to tobacco, alcohol, cannabis and caffeine in birth size and subsequent growth

K. Tennes and C. Blackard, Maternal alcohol consumption, birth weight, and minor physical anomalies, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol.138, issue.7, pp.774-80, 1980.
DOI : 10.1016/S0002-9378(16)32735-1

S. Parker, R. Vinci, K. Aboagye, and L. Fried, Effects of maternal marijuana and cocaine use on fetal growth, N Engl J Med, vol.23, pp.762-770, 1989.

F. Witter and J. Niebyl, Marijuana Use in Pregnancy and Pregnancy Outcome, American Journal of Perinatology, vol.7, issue.01
DOI : 10.1055/s-2007-999442

N. Day, U. Sambamoorthi, and P. Taylor, Prenatal marijuana use and neonatal outcome, Neurotoxicology and Teratology, vol.13, issue.3, pp.329-363, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0892-0362(91)90079-C

S. Astley, S. Clarren, R. Little, P. Sampson, and J. Daling, Analysis of facial shape in children gestationally exposed to marijuana, alcohol, and/or cocaine, Pediatrics, vol.1, pp.67-77, 1992.

M. Cornelius, P. Taylor, and D. Geva, Prenatal tobacco and marijuana use among adolescents: effects of offsprings gestational age, growth and morphology

C. Torfs, E. Velie, F. Oechsli, T. Bateson, and C. Curry, A populationbased study of gastroschisis: demographic, pregnancy, and lifestyle risk factors

G. Briggs, Drugs in pregnancy and lactation

D. English, Maternal cannabis use and birth weight : a meta-analysis

X. Wang, D. Dow-edwards, E. Keller, and Y. Hurd, Preferential limbic expression of the cannabinoid receptor mRNA in the human fetal brain, Neuroscience, vol.118, issue.3, pp.681-94, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0306-4522(03)00020-4

Y. Hurd, X. Wang, and V. Anderson, Marijuana impairs growth in mid-gestation fetuses, Neurotoxicology and Teratology, vol.27, issue.2, pp.221-230, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ntt.2004.11.002

P. Fried, Marihuana use by pregnant women: Neurobehavioral effects in neonates, Drug and Alcohol Dependence, vol.6, issue.6, pp.415-424, 1980.
DOI : 10.1016/0376-8716(80)90023-X

P. Fried, Marihuana use by pregnant women and effects on offspring: an update, Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol, vol.4, pp.451-455, 1982.

R. Hingson, J. Alpert, and N. Day, Effects of maternal drinking and marijuana use on foetal growth and development. Pediatrics, pp.539-585, 1982.

M. Kanit, M. Sana, T. Bani, and X. Laqueille, Cannabis et grossesse??: actualit??s et exp??riences cliniques, Annales M??dico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique, vol.167, issue.7, pp.483-562
DOI : 10.1016/j.amp.2009.07.001

D. Fergusson, L. Hordwood, K. Northstone, . Alspac-study, and . Team, Avon Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood. Maternal use of cannabis and pregnancy outcome, BJOG, vol.1, pp.21-28, 2002.

V. Anderson, S. Harvey, and R. Jacob, Executive Function Following Focal Frontal Lobe Lesions: Impact of Timing of Lesion on Outcome. ScienceDirect, pp.792-805, 2001.

L. Lacrois, C. Hurault, S. Saivin, R. V. Berrebi, A. Souchet et al., Exposition in utéro à des substances psychoactives: résultats de l'étude NENUPHAR, 2007.

N. Day, Effect of prenatal marijuana exposure on the cognitive development of offspring at age three, Neurotoxicology and Teratology, vol.16, issue.2, pp.169-175, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0892-0362(94)90114-7

. Prescire, Equipe de rédaction Cannabis et grossesse: syndrome de sevrage à la naissance et doute sur les effets à long terme, p.333

G. Richardson, C. Ryan, J. Willford, N. Day, and L. Goldschmidt, Prenatal alcohol and marijuana exposure Effects on neuropsychological outcomes at 10 years, Neurotoxicology and Teratology, vol.24, issue.3, pp.309-329, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0892-0362(02)00193-9

A. Porath and P. Fried, Effects of prenatal cigarette and marijuana exposure on drug use among offspring, Neurotoxicology and Teratology, vol.27, issue.2, pp.267-277, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ntt.2004.12.003

P. Fried, Differential effects on cognitive functioning in 13- to 16-year-olds prenatally exposed to cigarettes and marihuana, Neurotoxicology and Teratology, vol.25, issue.4, pp.427-436, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0892-0362(03)00029-1

P. Fried and B. Watkinson, Differential effects on facets of attention in adolescents prenatally exposed to cigarettes and marihuana, Neurotoxicology and Teratology, vol.23, issue.5, pp.421-430, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0892-0362(01)00160-X

S. Lamy and T. F. , ??tat des lieux de la consommation de substances psychoactives par les femmes enceintes, L'Enc??phale, vol.36, issue.1, pp.33-38
DOI : 10.1016/j.encep.2008.12.009

M. Delcroix and B. Kouchner, Que sais-je? La grossesse et le tabac

J. Djulus, M. Moretti, and G. Koren, Marijuana use and breastfeeding. Canadian Family Physician, pp.349-350, 2005.