!. , !. , !. , and !. Qu, une!position!plus!symétrique!et!fonctionnelle!de!l'ATM!entraîne! une! contraction! plus! symétrique! du! sterno5cléido5mastoïdien! (SCM)! et! diminue! l'oscillation! posturale! de! l'individu!

!. Des, !. , !. , !. , and !. , ! en! observant! les! patients! atteints! de! dysfonctions! articulaires,! ceux5ci! présentent! une! posture! typique! de! la! tête! excessivement! antérieure! (67)(54)

!. Enfin, !. , !. , !. , !. et al., ! Certaines! études!précédemment!citées!mettent!en!avant!son!implication!en!faisant!intervenir!les! variables

!. Pour and . Place-!-d-'un, techniques! cliniques! de! l'évaluation! posturale! et! des! instruments!de!posturologie!(72)!Une!nouvelle!fois!l'article!de!Manfredini!et!Al!(72)!fait! état! des! qualités! médiocres! des! études! actuelles, 1966.

!. Les, !. , !. , !. , !. et al., ! pour! trouver! des! liens,! comme! outils! de! diagnostic! des! mesures! d'angles! céphalométriques! ou! posturaux, ! une! plateforme! stabilométrique!, p.65

!. Même, études! cliniques! pour! fiabiliser! les! tests! posturaux! que! l'on! a! décris,! ils! sont! retrouvés! dans! de! nombreux! ouvrages! ! (13, p.50

!. Le, !. , and !. , ! prise! en! charge! des! dysfonctions! cranio5 mandibulaires!doit!passer!par!une!anamnèse!approfondie,!une!observation!précise!de!la! posture! générale! du! patient,! voire! par! quelques! tests! posturaux! (si! le! praticien! en! a! la! compétence).! ! La! prise! en! charge! est! pluridisciplinaire

!. Rozencweig, *. D. , *. Knellesen, and *. , *Algies*et*dysfonctionnements*de*l'appareil* manducateur:+propositions+diagnostiques+et+thérapeutiques.+Paris:+Editions+CdP, 1994.

!. Orthlieb and !. Jd, !Relations!entre!l'occlusion!et!les!désordres!temporo5mandibulaires, ! Rev!Réalités!Clin.!, vol.7, issue.2, pp.149-58, 1996.

!. Celi?, !. R. , !. Jerolimov, !. V. , !. Panduri? et al., A!study!of!the!influence!of!occlusal!factors!and! parafunctional!habits!on!the!prevalence!of!signs!and!symptoms!of!TMD, !Int!J! Prosthodont, vol.15, issue.1, pp.43-51, 2002.

!. Ciancaglini, !. R. , !. Gherlone, !. Ef, !. Radaelli et al., !The!relationship!of!bruxism!with!craniofacial! pain!and!symptoms!from!the!masticatory!system!in!the!adult!population, !J!Oral! Rehabil, vol.28, issue.9, pp.842-850, 2001.

!. Weber, !. P. , !. Corrêa, !. Ecr, !. Ferreira et al., Cervical spine dysfunction signs and symptoms in individuals with temporomandibular disorder, Jornal da Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia, vol.24, issue.2, pp.134-143, 2012.
DOI : 10.1590/S2179-64912012000200008

!. Clauzade, !. M5a, !. Darraillans, !. B. , !. Knellesen et al., !Concept!ostéopathique!de! l'occlusion.!Perpignan:!SEOO!éd, 1989.

!. Landouzy, !. J. Les, and !. Articulations, temporo5mandibulaires:-évaluation,-traitements- odontologiques,et,ostéopathiques.,Aix5en5Provence:!Editions!de!Verlaque, 1993.

!. Gonzalez, !. He, and !. Manns, Forward Head Posture: Its Structural and Functional Influence on the Stomatognathic System, a Conceptual Study, CRANIO??, vol.35, issue.1, pp.71-80, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0002-9416(66)90121-7

!. Delaire and !. J. , !l'analyse!architecturale!et!structurale!crânio5faciale!(de!profil.!principes! théoriques), !Rev!Stomatol.!, vol.79, issue.1, pp.1-33, 1978.

!. Bricot and !. , !La!reprogrammation!posturale!globale.!Montpellier:'Sauramps'médical, 1996.

!. Jeanrot, !. N. , !. Jeanrot, and !. F. , Torticolis!oculaire!?!posture!?!troubles!neurovisuels.!Manuel! de!strabologie

!. Willem&g, &Manuel&de&posturologie:&approche&clinique&et&traitements&des&pathologies& rachidiennes*et*céphaliques.*Paris:*Éditions*Frison5Roche, 2004.

!. El, !. Khoder, and !. A. , !Equilibre!et!déséquilibre!postural!des!articulations!temporo5 mandibulaires.!Th!D!:!odontologie!:!Bordeaux, 2008.

!. Struyf5denys&g, &Les&chaînes&musculaires!et!articulaires.!Bruxelles:!ICTGDS, 1991.

!. Raberin and !. , !Incidences!cliniques!des!postures!de!la!zone!orolabiale, !Med!Buccale.!, 2008.

!. Clauzade, M5A,#Darraillans#B.#L'homme,#le#crâne,#les#dents.#Perpignan:#S, E.O.O, 1992.

!. Gangloff, !. P. , !. Perrin, and !. !. Pp, Unilateral trigeminal anaesthesia modifies postural control in human subjects, Neuroscience Letters, vol.330, issue.2, pp.179-82, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-3940(02)00779-6

!. Meyer, !. J. Baron, and !. Jb, !Variation!of!orthostatic!postural!tonic!activity!during!regional! anesthesia!of!the!trigeminal!nerve, !Agressol!Rev!Int!Physio5Biol!Pharmacol! Appliquées!Aux!Eff!Agression.!, vol.14, pp.37-43, 1973.

!. Avisse, !. C. , !. Labrousse, !. M. , !. Ouedraogo et al., Les bases anatomiques de l???oculomotricit??, Journal Fran??ais d'Ophtalmologie, vol.27, issue.8, pp.953-960, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0181-5512(04)96243-2

!. Gola, !. R. , !. Cheynet, !. F. , !. Guyot et al., !Manifestations!ophtalmologiques!des! dysfonctionnements!de!l'appareil!manducateur, !J!Fr!Ophtalmol.!, vol.25, issue.5, pp.493-500, 2002.

!. Monaco, !. A. Streni, !. O. Marci, !. Mc, !. Sabetti et al., Relationship between mandibular deviation and ocular convergence, Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, vol.28, issue.2, pp.135-143, 2004.
DOI : 10.17796/jcpd.28.2.mj7311l03m257134

!. Pradham, !. Ns, !. White, !. Ge, !. Mehta et al., !Mandibular!deviations!in!TMD!and! non5TMD!groups!related!to!eye!dominance!and!head!posture, !J!Clin!Pediatr!Dent.!, vol.25, issue.2, pp.147-55, 2001.

!. Dupas, !. P. Nouvelle, and !. Approche, du(dysfonctionnement(cranio5mandibulaire:,du, diagnostic*à*la*gouttière.*Paris:*Éditions*CdP, 2005.

!. Silvestrini5biavati, !. A. Migliorati, !. M. , !. Demarziani, !. E. et al., Clinical!association!between!teeth!malocclusions,!wrong!posture! and!ocular!convergence!disorders:!an!epidemiological!investigation!on!primary! school!children, BMC!Pediatr.!, vol.13, p.12, 2013.

!. Mailly and !. J. , Equilibre!et!Locomotion!5!XVIe!Congres!de!l'Association!Posture!et! Equilibre!5!Villeneuve!d'Ascq,!13514!novembre!, !Neurophysiol!Clin! Neurophysiol.!, vol.39, issue.455, pp.241-61, 2009.

!. Brodie and !. Ag, Anatomy and physiology of head and neck musculature, American Journal of Orthodontics, vol.36, issue.11, pp.831-875, 1950.
DOI : 10.1016/0002-9416(50)90038-8

!. Wogue&r, &L'os&temporal,&la&mandibule&et&l'os&hyoïde.&Vannes:&Sully;&2009

!. Bonneau-'d,-'hérisson-'c, Entretiens'de'médecine'physique'et'de'réadaptation.' Sphère'odonto5gnathique*et*thérapies*manuelles.*Sauramps*Médical, p.78, 2010.

!. Muto, !. T. , !. Takeda, !. S. , !. Kanazawa et al., The effect of head posture on the pharyngeal airway space (PAS), International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, vol.31, issue.6, pp.579-83, 2002.
DOI : 10.1054/ijom.2002.0279

!. Muto, !. T. , !. Yamazaki, !. A. Takeda, !. S. et al., Relationship between the pharyngeal airway space and craniofacial morphology, taking into account head posture, International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, vol.35, issue.2, pp.132-138, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijom.2005.04.022

!. Amigues, #Le#système#stomatognathique:#concept#odontologique,#concept# ostéopathique.-Montpellier:-Sauramps-médical

!. Sakaguchi, !. K. , !. Mehta, !. Nr, !. Abdallah et al., Examination of the Relationship Between Mandibular Position and Body Posture, CRANIO??, vol.14, issue.4, pp.237-286, 2007.
DOI : 10.1177/00220345900690111301

!. Piron, !. A. Complexe, and !. Oaa-!, !et!gestion!neuromusculaire!du!free!way! space!(FWS).!7eme!Symp!Int!Ostéopathique, Nantes!Abord!Pluridiscip!Rachis!Cerv.!, issue.occiput5atlas5axis, pp.1-9, 2008.

!. Olmos, !. Sr, !. D. Kritz5silverstein, !. Halligan, !. W. et al., !The!effect!of!condyle!fossa! relationships!on!head!posture.!Cranio!J!Craniomandib!Pr, pp.48-52, 2005.

!. Laplanche, !. O. , !. Peudeutour, !. , !. Duminil et al., !Dépistage!des!anomalies!de! l'occlusion, !Rev!Réalités!Clin.!, vol.15, issue.2, pp.141-56, 2004.

!. Linglet, !. , and !. R. Jollois, !Les!troubles!de!l'appareil!manducateur, 1995.

!. Monaco, !. A. Streni, !. O. Marci, !. Mc, !. Sabetti et al., !Convergence!defects!in! patients!with!temporomandibular!disorders.!Cranio!J!Craniomandib!Pr, pp.190-195, 2003.

!. Zonnenberg, !. Aj, !. Van, !. Maanen, !. Cj et al., Body Posture Photographs as a Diagnostic Aid for Musculoskeletal Disorders Related to Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD), CRANIO??, vol.66, issue.3, pp.225-257, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0889-5406(92)70020-B

!. Fuentes, !. R. , !. Freesmeyer, !. W. , !. Henríquez et al., !Influence!of!body!posture!in!the!prevalence! of!craniomandibular!dysfunction.!Rev!Médica!Chile, pp.1079-85, 1999.

!. Monzani, !. D. , !. Guidetti, !. G. , !. Chiarini et al., !Combined!effect!of!vestibular!and! craniomandibular!disorders!on!postural!behaviour, Acta!Otorhinolaryngol!Ital!!Feb, vol.23, issue.1, pp.4-9, 2003.

!. Ries, !. Lgk, !. Bérzin, and !. , Analysis of the postural stability in individuals with or without signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder, Brazilian Oral Research, vol.22, issue.4, pp.378-83, 2008.
DOI : 10.1590/S1806-83242008000400016

!. Lai, !. V. , !. Deriu, !. F. , !. Chessa et al., !The!influence!of!occlusion!on!sporting!performance, ! Minerva!Stomatol.!Feb, vol.53, issue.152, pp.41-48, 2004.

!. Bracco, !. P. , !. Deregibus, !. A. Piscetta, and !. , Effects of different jaw relations on postural stability in human subjects, Neuroscience Letters, vol.356, issue.3, pp.228-258, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neulet.2003.11.055

!. Bracco, !. P. , !. Deregibus, !. A. Piscetta, !. R. et al., !Observations!on!the!correlation! between!posture!and!jaw!position:!a!pilot!study.!Cranio!J!Craniomandib!Pr, pp.252-260, 1998.

!. Sforza, !. C. , !. Tartaglia, !. Gm, !. Solimene et al., Occlusion, Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Activity, and Body Sway: A Pilot Study in Male Astronauts, CRANIO??, vol.22, issue.1, pp.43-52, 2006.
DOI : 10.1159/000070576

!. Ioi, !. H. , !. Matsumoto, !. R. , !. Nishioka et al., Relationship! between!head!posture!and!dentofacial!morphology!in!patients!with!TMJ! osteoarthritis/osteoarthrosis, !World!J!Orthod.!, vol.9, issue.4, pp.329-365, 2008.

!. Saito, !. Et, !. Akashi, !. Pmh, !. Sacco et al., Global body posture evaluation in patients with temporomandibular joint disorder, Clinics, vol.64, issue.1, pp.35-44, 2009.
DOI : 10.1590/S1807-59322009000100007

!. Rocha, !. Cp, !. Croci, !. Cs, !. Caria et al., Is there relationship between temporomandibular disorders and head and cervical posture? A systematic review, Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, vol.19, issue.11, pp.875-81, 2013.
DOI : 10.1111/joor.12104

!. Hanke, !. Ba, !. Motschall, !. E. , !. Türp et al., !Association!between!orthopedic!and!dental! findings:!what!level!of!evidence!is!available?!J!Orofac!Orthop, pp.91-107, 2007.

!. Manfredini, !. D. , !. Castroflorio, !. T. , !. Perinetti et al., Dental occlusion, body posture and temporomandibular disorders: where we are now and where we are heading for, Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, vol.29, issue.1 Suppl, pp.463-71, 2012.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2012.02291.x

!. Perinetti, !. G. , !. Contardo, and !. , Posturography as a diagnostic aid in dentistry: a systematic review, Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, vol.75, issue.12, pp.922-958, 2009.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2009.02019.x

!. Clauzade, !. M. Séminaires, !. , and !. Orthoposturodontie, !Perpignan;![cited!, 2013.

!. Suite, !. , and !. , autorisation!de!reproduction,!je!vous!invite!à!trouver!ici!notre! accord.! Vous!pouvez!reproduire!cette!figure!dans!votre!thèse,!pour!un!usage!strictement! universitaire!et!non!commercial.! 5Merci!de!faire!figurer!près!de!la!photo!la!mention!:!©DR!Editions!CdP