D. E. Lieberman, Testing Hypotheses About Recent Human Evolution From Skulls: Integrating Morphology, Function, Development, and Phylogeny, Current Anthropology, vol.36, issue.2, pp.159-161, 1995.
DOI : 10.1086/204348

F. Guy, M. Brunet, M. Schmittbuhl, and L. Viriot, New approaches in hominoid taxonomy: Morphometrics, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, vol.52, issue.3, pp.198-218, 2003.
DOI : 10.1002/ajpa.10261

A. Tuli, R. Choudhry, S. Choudhry, S. Raheja, and S. Agarwal, Variation in shape of the lingula in the adult human mandible, Journal of Anatomy, vol.197, issue.2, pp.313-317, 2000.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1469-7580.2000.19720313.x

P. Rouas, K. Gorjanovic-kramberger, and O. Walkhoff, trijumeau: positions relatives, repères crânio-faciaux, implications anthropologiques Der diluviale Mensch von Krapina in Kroatien: ein Beitrag zur Paläoanthropologie. 1906. 6. Smith F.H. Evolutionary significance of the mandibular foramen area in Neandertals, Thèse de doctorat, pp.523-531, 1978.

J. Kallay, Lage und form des foramen mandibulare beim Krapina-Menschen

C. B. Stringer, H. J. Vandermeersch, and B. , The origin of anatomically modern humans in Western Europe The Origin of Modern Humans

E. Trinkaus, Variability in the position of the mandibular mental foramen and the identification of Neandertal apomorphies. Riv Anthropol, pp.259-74, 1993.

H. Coqueugniot, Variabilité morphologique de la tête osseuse au cours de l'ontogenèse: l'exemple des enfants de l'espèce Homo sapiens Thèse de doctorat, 1998.

G. Couly, Le squelette facial mobile 1964, 4.3.11, 22- 001-A-30 12. Périer A.L. Contribution à l'étude de la région de l'épine de Spix, Encycl Méd Chir. (Paris)

R. Depreux, Variations topographiques et morphologiques de l'épine de Spix chez l'adulte, Arch. Anat. Path, vol.6, issue.1, pp.92-95, 1958.

J. C. Libersa, C. Libersa, M. Laude, and G. Thilloy, The Spix spine: anatomic study of a homogeneous population (50 cases), Arch Anat Pathol, vol.23, issue.4, pp.295-297, 1975.

A. Wissmer, Le développement et l'organisation statique de la mandibule foetale chez l'homme, p.16, 1927.

E. Bollobás, Embryonic development of the mandibular canal, Acta Morphol Acad Sci Hung, vol.30, issue.3-4, pp.233-239, 1982.

M. Gaspard, Appareil manducateur et la manducation, J, 1978.

N. S. Ossenberg, Within and between race distances in population studies based on discrete traits of the human skull, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, vol.43, issue.3, pp.701-715, 1976.
DOI : 10.1002/ajpa.1330450337

A. Hovelacque, M. Virenque, M. Siritapetawee, T. Damrongrungruang, W. Khongkankong et al., Les formations aponévrotiques de la région ptérygo-maxillaire chez l'homme et chez quelques mammifères Anat Phys Shape of the lingula and its localization by panoramic radiograph versus dry mandibular measurement, Surg Radiol Anat SRA. Décembre, issue.8, pp.29-689, 1913.

P. Jansisyanont, W. Apinhasmit, and S. Chompoopong, Shape, height, and location of the lingula for sagittal ramus osteotomy in Thais, Clinical Anatomy, vol.37, issue.7, pp.787-793, 2009.
DOI : 10.1002/ca.20849

A. E. Sekerci and Y. Sisman, Laude M Cone-beam computed tomography analysis of the shape, height, and location of the mandibular lingula, Surg Radiol Anat SRA. Juin, vol.24, 2013.

P. T. Lopes, G. A. Pereira, and S. A. , Morphological analysis of the lingula in dry mandibles of individuals in Southern Brazil, Journal of Morphology Science, vol.27, issue.3, pp.136-138, 2010.

V. Nirmale, U. Mane, S. Sukre, and C. Diwan, Morphological features of human mandible, International Journal of Recent Trends in Science And Technology, pp.38-43, 2012.

G. D. Richards, J. R. , and A. J. , Medial mandibular ramus: ontogenetic, idiosyncratic, and geographic variation in recent Homo, great apes, and fossil hominids, p.27, 2003.

G. G. Simpson, The principles of classification and a classification of mammals. Bulletin of the AMNH, pp.85-113, 1945.

M. Goodman, Man's place in the phylogeny of the primate as reflected in serum proteins. Classification and Human Evolution. Transaction Publishers, pp.204-234

J. G. Fleagle, Primate Adaptation and Evolution, 1998.

O. Thalmann, D. Wegmann, M. Spitzner, M. Arandjelovic, K. Guschanski et al., Historical sampling reveals dramatic demographic changes in western gorilla populations, BMC Evolutionary Biology, vol.184, issue.1, pp.85-116, 2011.
DOI : 10.1534/genetics.109.109058

M. K. Gonder, S. Locatelli, L. Ghobrial, M. M. , K. J. Lankester et al., Evidence from Cameroon reveals differences in the genetic structure and histories of chimpanzee populations, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.108, issue.12, pp.4766-4771, 2011.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.1015422108

L. T. Humphrey, D. M. Stringer, and C. B. , Morphological variation in great ape and modern human mandibles, Journal of Anatomy, vol.195, issue.4, pp.491-513, 1999.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1469-7580.1999.19540491.x