. Agence-française-de-sécurité-sanitaire-des-aliments, L. Cynober, and A. E. , Arnaud-Battandier F, &al. Personnes âgées. Dans: Apports nutritionnels conseillés pour la population française. 3e éd, pp.307-342, 2001.

C. Ricour and J. Zazzo, Mise en place d'une politique nutritionnelle dans les établissements de santé Dépistage de la dénutrition ou son risque à l'admission et au cours de l'hospitalisation en se basant sur des critères cliniques simples, 2013.

H. Autorité and D. Santé, Stratégie de prise en charge en cas de dénutrition protéinoénergétique chez la personne âgée. Recommandations professionnelles. HAS, Paris, avril, 2007.

C. Brutel and L. Omalek, Projections démographiques pour la France, ses régions et ses départements, 2003.

N. Blanpain and O. Chardon, Projections de population à l'horizon 2060. Un tiers de la population âgé de plus de 60 ans, Insee Première, issue.1, p.320, 2010.

A. Sieurin, E. Cambois, and J. Robine, Document de travail 170 Les espérances de vie sans incapacité en France, Disponible sur, 2011.

C. Bonnet, E. Cambois, and C. Cases, La dépendance : quelles différences entre les hommes et les femmes ? Gérontologie Société, p.55, 2013.

L. Fried, C. Tangen, and J. Walston, Frailty in Older Adults: Evidence for a Phenotype, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.56, issue.3, pp.146-157, 2001.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/56.3.M146

D. Hogan, C. Macknight, and H. Bergman, Models, Definitions, and Criteria of Frailty, Clin Exp Res, vol.3, issue.15, pp.1-29, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-012369391-4/50051-5

Q. Xue, The Frailty Syndrome: Definition and Natural History, Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, vol.27, issue.1, pp.1-15, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cger.2010.08.009

J. Avila-funes, H. Amieva, and P. Barberger-gateau, Cognitive Impairment Improves the Predictive Validity of the Phenotype of Frailty for Adverse Health Outcomes: The Three-City Study, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.53, issue.230, pp.453-461, 2009.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.02136.x

M. Bonnefoy, Relationship between frailty and nutrition in the elderly, Les cahiers de l'ann??e g??rontologique, vol.1, issue.12, pp.9-12, 2012.
DOI : 10.1007/s12612-012-0256-z

E. Alix and M. Ferry, Epidémiologie de la dénutrition, Dans : Ferry M. Nutrition de la personne âgée: [aspects fondamentaux

O. Mondiale-de and L. Santé, Maladies endocriniennes, nutritionnelles et métaboliques : malnutrition (E40-E46) Dans: Organisation mondiale de la santé. Classification statistique internationale des maladies et des problèmes de santé connexes. CIM 10, OMS, pp.305-312, 1993.

J. Wallace, R. Schwartz, and A. Lacroix, Involuntary Weight Loss in Older Outpatients: Incidence and Clinical Significance, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.118, issue.Suppl, pp.329-337, 1995.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1995.tb05803.x

M. Ferry and E. Alix, Epidémiologie de la dénutrition. Dans: Ferry M. Nutrition de la personne âgée 3ième éd. Issy-les-Moulineaux: Masson, 2007.

A. Raynaud-simon, Dénutrition de la personne âgée: épidémiologie et conséquences, Dans: Hébuterne X. Traité de nutrition de la personne âgée, 2009.

O. Moreiras, W. Van-staveren, and J. Cruz, Intake of energy and nutrients. Euronut SENECA investigators, Eur J Clin Nutr. Décembre, vol.45, pp.105-119, 1991.

O. Moreiras, W. Van-staveren, and J. Cruz, Longitudinal changes in the intake of energy and macronutrients of elderly Europeans. SENECA Investigators, Eur J Clin Nutr Juillet, vol.50, issue.2, pp.67-76, 1996.

J. Potter, K. Klipstein, and J. Reilly, The Nutrititional Status and Clinical Course of Acute Admissions to a Geriatric Unit, Age and Ageing, vol.24, issue.2, pp.131-136, 1995.
DOI : 10.1093/ageing/24.2.131

M. Leggo, M. Banks, and E. Isenring, A quality improvement nutrition screening and intervention program available to Home and Community Care eligible clients, Nutrition & Dietetics, vol.56, issue.2, pp.162-167, 2008.
DOI : 10.1097/00017285-200607000-00006

M. Cuervo, A. García, and D. Ansorena, Nutritional assessment interpretation on 22 007 Spanish community-dwelling elders through the Mini Nutritional Assessment test, Public Health Nutrition, vol.10, issue.01
DOI : 10.1038/oby.2004.83

M. Kaiser, J. Bauer, and C. Rämsch, Frequency of Malnutrition in Older Adults: A Multinational Perspective Using the Mini Nutritional Assessment, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.38, issue.(1 Pt 2), pp.1734-1738, 2010.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03016.x

A. Raynaud-simon, Particularités du contrôle de la prise alimentaire et altérations du goût liées à l'âge. Dans : Hébuterne X. Traité de nutrition de la personne âgée, 2009.

S. Schiffman, Intensification of sensory properties of foods for the elderly, J Nutr. Avril, vol.130, pp.927-957, 2000.

M. Mathey, E. Siebelink, and C. De-graaf, Flavor Enhancement of Food Improves Dietary Intake and Nutritional Status of Elderly Nursing Home Residents, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.56, issue.4, pp.200-205, 2001.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/56.4.M200

C. Murphy, C. Schubert, and K. Cruickshanks, Prevalence of Olfactory Impairment in Older Adults, JAMA, vol.288, issue.18, pp.2307-2312, 2002.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.288.18.2307

J. Veyrune and . &al, Vieillissement et pathologie buccodentaire Dans : Hébuterne X. Traité de nutrition de la personne âgée, 2009.

M. Lee, Y. Huang, and M. Wahlqvist, Chewing Ability in Conjunction with Food Intake and Energy Status in Later Life Affects Survival in Taiwanese with the Metabolic Syndrome, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.27, issue.6, pp.1072-1080, 2010.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.02870.x

R. Saarela, E. Lindroos, and H. Soini, CHEWING PROBLEMS AND MORTALITY, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.10, issue.1, pp.181-183, 2011.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03225.x

M. Laurent, B. Gogly, and F. Tahmasebi, Les candidoses oropharyngées des personnes âgées, Gériatrie Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieil, vol.9, issue.1, pp.21-29, 2011.

F. Bouthier-quintard, Vieillissement bucco-dentaire. Dans : Ferry M. Nutrition de la personne âgée: [aspects fondamentaux

A. Miller, Neurophysiological basis of swallowing, Dysphagia, vol.61, issue.2, pp.91-100, 1986.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02407121

V. Woisard and M. Puech, La réhabilitation de la déglutition chez l'adulte, le point sur la prise en charge fonctionnelle. Marseille: Solal, 2011.

F. Puisieux, D. Andrea, C. Baconnier, and P. , Swallowing disorders, pneumonia and respiratory tract infectious disease in the elderly, Revue des Maladies Respiratoires, vol.28, issue.8, pp.76-93, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.rmr.2011.09.007

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00727238

H. Keller, Malnutrition in Institutionalized Elderly: How and Why?, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.91, issue.3, pp.1212-1218, 1993.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1993.tb07305.x

M. Suominen, S. Muurinen, P. Routasalo, and . &al, Malnutrition and associated factors among aged residents in all nursing homes in Helsinki, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol.51, issue.4, pp.578-583, 2005.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602111

N. Salles, Basic Mechanisms of the Aging Gastrointestinal Tract, Digestive Diseases, vol.25, issue.2, pp.112-117, 2007.
DOI : 10.1159/000099474

A. Pilotto and N. Salles, Helicobacter pylori infection in geriatrics, Helicobacter, vol.40, issue.s1, pp.56-62, 2002.
DOI : 10.1046/j.0306-5251.2001.01531.x

N. Salles, A. Ménard, A. Georges, and . &al, Effects of Helicobacter pylori Infection on Gut Appetite Peptide (Leptin, Ghrelin) Expression in Elderly Inpatients, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.61, issue.11, pp.61-1144, 2006.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/61.11.1144

D. Balas, Vieillissement de l'appareil digestif. Dans: Ferry M. Nutrition de la personne âgée [aspects fondamentaux

X. Hébuterne, Traité de nutrition de la personne âgée. Paris Chapitre 11, Vieillissement du tube digestif et modifications de la flore intestinale liées à l'âge, pp.89-93, 2009.

Y. Rolland and B. Vellas, Sarcop??nie, Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, vol.55, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.rehab.2012.07.667

A. Raynaud-simon, M. Bonnefoy, and M. Ferry, Muscle et nutrition. Dans: Ferry M. Nutrition de la personne âgée: [aspects fondamentaux

A. Cruz-jentoft, J. Baeyens, and J. Bauer, Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People, Age and Ageing, vol.39, issue.4, pp.412-423, 2010.
DOI : 10.1093/ageing/afq034

R. Roubenoff, Sarcopenia: Effects on Body Composition and Function, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.58, issue.11, pp.1012-1017, 2003.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/58.11.M1012

P. Szulc, T. Beck, F. Marchand, and . &al, Low Skeletal Muscle Mass Is Associated With Poor Structural Parameters of Bone and Impaired Balance in Elderly Men-The MINOS Study, Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, vol.277, issue.5, pp.721-729, 2004.
DOI : 10.1359/JBMR.041230

V. Malafarina, F. Uriz-otano, and L. Gil-guerrero, Individualized Nutritional Intervention During and After Hospitalization: The Nutrition Intervention Study Clinical Trial, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.61, issue.10, 1990.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03610_20.x

M. Peterson, A. Sen, and P. Gordon, Influence of Resistance Exercise on Lean Body Mass in Aging Adults, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, vol.43, issue.2, pp.249-258, 2011.
DOI : 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181eb6265

N. Chróinín, D. O-'brien, H. Stafford, and M. &al, THE EFFECT OF NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTATION ON FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME: COMBINATION WITH PHYSICAL EXERCISE MAY PROVE TO BE THE WINNING FORMULA, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.8, issue.(6 Suppl), pp.1396-1398, 2010.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.02929.x

P. Ritz, Modifications du métabolisme energétique et de la composition corporelle au cours du vieillissement. Dans : Hébuterne X. Traité de nutrition de la personne âgée, 2009.

A. Martin, V. Azais-braesco, and J. Bresson, Apports nutritionnels conseillés pour la population française, Editions TEC & DOC, 2001.

D. Malatesta, D. Simar, and Y. Dauvilliers, Energy cost of walking and gait instability in healthy 65- and 80-yr-olds, Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.95, issue.6, pp.2248-2256, 1985.
DOI : 10.1152/japplphysiol.01106.2002

C. Gaillard, A. E. Salle, and A. &al, Energy requirements in frail elderly people: A review of the literature, Clinical Nutrition, vol.26, issue.1, pp.16-24, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clnu.2006.08.003

C. Gaillard, A. E. Salle, and A. &al, A practical approach to estimate resting energy expenditure in frail elderly people, The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging, vol.15, issue.5, pp.277-280, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02982634

. Boirie-&al, Métabolisme protéique chez la personne âgée. Dans : Hébuterne X. Traité de nutrition de la personne âgée, 2009.

M. Arnal, L. Mosoni, Y. Boirie, and . &al, Protein pulse feeding improves protein retention in elderly women, Am J Clin Nutr. juin, vol.69, issue.6, pp.1202-1208, 1999.

M. Arnal, L. Mosoni, Y. Boirie, and . &al, Protein turnover modifications induced by the protein feeding pattern still persist after the end of the diets, Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Mai, vol.278, issue.5, pp.902-909, 2000.

M. Arnal, L. Mosoni, and Y. Boirie, Protein feeding pattern does not affect protein retention in young women, J Nutr Juillet, vol.130, issue.7, pp.1700-1704, 2000.

I. Rieu, M. Balage, C. Sornet, and . &al, Leucine supplementation improves muscle protein synthesis in elderly men independently of hyperaminoacidaemia, The Journal of Physiology, vol.134, issue.1, pp.305-315, 2006.
DOI : 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.110742

M. Dangin, C. Guillet, and C. Garcia-rodenas, The Rate of Protein Digestion affects Protein Gain Differently during Aging in Humans, The Journal of Physiology, vol.259, issue.2, pp.635-644, 2003.
DOI : 10.1113/jphysiol.2002.036897

J. Delarue, Métabolisme glucido-lipidique chez la personne âgée. Dans : Hébuterne X. Traité de nutrition de la personne âgée, 2009.

J. Meigs, D. Muller, and D. Nathan, The Natural History of Progression From Normal Glucose Tolerance to Type 2 Diabetes in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, Diabetes, vol.52, issue.6, pp.1475-1484, 2003.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.52.6.1475

C. Cowie, K. Rust, D. Byrd-holt, and . &al, Prevalence of Diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glucose in Adults in the U.S. Population: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002, Diabetes Care, vol.29, issue.6, pp.1263-1268, 1999.
DOI : 10.2337/dc06-0062

T. Constans and . Tolérance-au-glucose, Dans : Ferry M. Nutrition de la personne âgée: [aspects fondamentaux, cliniques et psycho-sociaux

P. Legrand, Les nouveaux ANC en acides gras, Inf Diét, issue.3, pp.40-44, 2010.

M. Ferry, Nutrition de la personne âgée [aspects fondamentaux, cliniques et psycho-sociaux]. Issy-les-Moulineaux, pp.65-67

B. Nordin, Calcium and osteoporosis, Nutr Los Angel Août, vol.13, issue.78, pp.664-686, 1997.

B. Dawson-hughes, Calcium and vitamin D nutritional needs of elderly women, J Nutr Avril, vol.126, issue.4, pp.1165-1172, 1996.

P. Pfitzenmeyer and C. Jeandel, Dans : Ferry M. Nutrition de la personne âgée: [aspects fondamentaux, Nutrition et os, issue.4

G. Potier-de-courcy, Estimation du statut en vitamines et minéraux dans la population française, d'après des enquêtes récentes, Cah Nutr Diet, issue.34, pp.77-87, 1999.

O. Guérin, Faut-il supplémenter les sujets âgés en vitamines et oligoéléments, Dans : Hébuterne X. Traité de nutrition de la personne âgée, 2009.

R. Van-der-wielen, M. Löwik, J. Haller, and . &al, Vitamin B-6 Malnutrition Among Elderly Europeans: The SENECA Study, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.51, issue.6, pp.417-424, 1996.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/51A.6.B417

M. Wacker and M. Holick, Vitamin D???Effects on Skeletal and Extraskeletal Health and the Need for Supplementation, Nutrients, vol.5, issue.1, pp.111-148, 2013.
DOI : 10.3390/nu5010111

T. Constans, Les rôles particuliers de la vitamine D chez le sujet âgé. Dans: Ferry M. Nutrition de la personne âgée [aspects fondamentaux

M. Ferry, Fonctions des oligoéléments et besoins spécifiques de la personne âgée. Dans : Hébuterne X. Traité de nutrition de la personne âgée, 2009.

M. Ferry, Nutrition de la personne âgée [aspects fondamentaux, cliniques et psycho-sociaux

M. Lovell, A Potential Role for Alterations of Zinc and Zinc Transport Proteins in the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease, Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol.16, issue.3, pp.471-483, 2009.
DOI : 10.3233/JAD-2009-0992

G. Bonaccorsi, C. Lorini, B. Assad, and G. &al, Serum trace elements and risk of malnutrition in institutionalised elderly, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol.15, issue.2, pp.155-160, 2013.
DOI : 10.1038/ejcn.2012.195

M. Ferry and E. Alix, Métabolisme de l'eau et besoins hydriques de la personne âgée. Dans : Hébuterne X. Traité de nutrition de la personne âgée, 2009.

M. Ferry and P. Ritz, Besoins en eau et en énergie Dans : Ferry M. Nutrition De la Personne âgée. [aspects fondamentaux

P. Ritz, Chronic Cellular Dehydration in the Aged Patient, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.56, issue.6, pp.349-352, 2001.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/56.6.M349

M. Ferry, A. E. Brocker, and P. &al, Causes des dénutritions, Dans : Ferry M. Nutrition de la personne âgée [aspects fondamentaux

M. Ferry, B. Sidobre, A. Lambertin, and . &al, The SOLINUT study: analysis of the interaction between nutrition and loneliness in persons aged over 70 years, J Nutr Health Aging Août, vol.9, issue.4, pp.261-268, 2005.

H. White, C. Pieper, K. Schmader, and . &al, Weight Change in Alzheimer's Disease, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.42, issue.3, pp.265-272, 1996.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1996.tb00912.x

S. Guyonnet, F. Nourhashemi, P. Ousset, and . &al, Alzheimer's disease and nutrition, Rev Neurol, vol.155, issue.5, pp.343-349, 1999.

G. Blandford, Assessing abnormal feeding behavior in dementia: a taxonomy and initial findings. Weight loss and eating beahviour in Alzheimer's patients. Reserach and Practice in Alzheimer Disease, pp.49-66, 1998.

G. Guyonnet, S. , A. Van-kan, and G. , IANA (International Academy on Nutrition and Aging) Expert Group: weight loss and Alzheimer's disease, J Nutr Health Aging Février, vol.11, issue.1, pp.38-48, 2007.

J. L. Sauvanet, L???ob??sit?? et le surpoids chez l???adulte en France??: l???enqu??te nationale Ob??pi-Roche 2009, M??decine des Maladies M??taboliques, vol.3, issue.6, pp.636-637, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/S1957-2557(09)73642-9

D. Villareal, M. Banks, D. Sinacore, and . &al, Effect of Weight Loss and Exercise on Frailty in Obese Older Adults, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol.166, issue.8, pp.860-866, 2006.
DOI : 10.1001/archinte.166.8.860

D. Villareal, K. Shah, M. Banks, and . &al, Effect of Weight Loss and Exercise Therapy on Bone Metabolism and Mass in Obese Older Adults: A One-Year Randomized Controlled Trial, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol.93, issue.6, pp.2181-2187, 2008.
DOI : 10.1210/jc.2007-1473

K. Shah, R. Armamento-villareal, N. Parimi, and . &al, Exercise training in obese older adults prevents increase in bone turnover and attenuates decrease in hip bone mineral density induced by weight loss despite decline in bone-active hormones, Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, vol.70, issue.(Suppl 6), pp.2851-2859, 2011.
DOI : 10.1002/jbmr.475

D. Waters, A. Ward, and D. Villareal, Weight loss in obese adults 65years and older: A review of the controversy, Experimental Gerontology, vol.48, issue.10, pp.1054-1061, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.exger.2013.02.005

. P. Darmon, S. Gorin-gottraux, and C. Pichard, Y a-t-il une place pour les régimes alimentaires restrictifs chez la personne âgée ? Dans : Hébuterne X. Traité de nutrition de la personne âgée, 2009.

P. Tuikkala, S. Hartikainen, M. Korhonen, and . &al, Serum total cholesterol levels and all-cause mortality in a home-dwelling elderly population: a six-year follow-up, Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, vol.15, issue.2, pp.121-127, 2010.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.00492.x

A. Weiss, Y. Beloosesky, and H. Schmilovitz-weiss, Serum total cholesterol: A mortality predictor in elderly hospitalized patients, Clinical Nutrition, vol.32, issue.4, pp.533-537, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clnu.2012.11.012

P. Brocker and J. Bertoglio, Les r??gimes alimentaires chez le sujet ??g?? : est-ce bien raisonnable ?, M??decine des Maladies M??taboliques, vol.7, issue.2, pp.115-119, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/S1957-2557(13)70507-8

J. Morley, Anorexia of aging: physiologic and pathologic, Am J Clin Nutr Octobre, vol.66, issue.4, pp.760-773, 1997.

H. Autorité and D. Santé, Améliorer la prescription des psychotropes chez les personnes âgées Bilan d'étape, HAS, 2007.

J. Engel, F. Siewerdt, R. Jackson, and . &al, Hardiness, Depression, and Emotional Well-Being and Their Association with Appetite in Older Adults, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.12, issue.3, pp.482-487, 2011.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03274.x

P. Wakimoto and G. Block, Dietary Intake, Dietary Patterns, and Changes With Age: An Epidemiological Perspective, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.56, issue.Supplement 2, pp.65-80, 2001.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/56.suppl_2.65

M. Wilson and J. Morley, Invited Review: Aging and energy balance, Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.95, issue.4, pp.1728-1736, 1985.
DOI : 10.1152/japplphysiol.00313.2003

S. Roberts, P. Fuss, M. Heyman, and . &al, Control of Food Intake in Older Men, JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, vol.272, issue.20, pp.1601-1606, 1994.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.1994.03520200057036

J. Moriguti, S. Das, E. Saltzman, and . &al, Effects of a 6-Week Hypocaloric Diet on Changes in Body Composition, Hunger, and Subsequent Weight Regain in Healthy Young and Older Adults, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.55, issue.12, pp.580-587, 2000.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/55.12.B580

S. Allepaerts and J. Preiser, Réponse métabolique au stress chez la personne âgée. Dans : Hébuterne X. Traité de nutrition de la personne âgée, 2009.

I. Vanhorebeek and G. Van-den-berghe, The Neuroendocrine Response to Critical Illness is a Dynamic Process, Critical Care Clinics, vol.22, issue.1, pp.1-15, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ccc.2005.09.004

E. Alix, G. Berrut, M. Boré, and . &al, Energy Requirements in Hospitalized Elderly People, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.86, issue.7, pp.1085-1089, 2007.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01236.x

B. Bartali, E. Frongillo, M. Stipanuk, and . &al, Protein Intake and Muscle Strength in Older Persons: Does Inflammation Matter?, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.55, issue.3, pp.480-484, 2012.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03833.x

M. Ferry, Nutrition de la personne âgée [aspects fondamentaux, cliniques et psychosociaux

W. Evans, J. Morley, J. Argilés, and . &al, Cachexia: A new definition, Clinical Nutrition, vol.27, issue.6, pp.793-799, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clnu.2008.06.013

H. Autorité and D. Santé, Stratégie de prise en charge en cas de dénutrition protéinoénergétique chez la personne âgée, Argumentaire. Recommandations Professionnelles. HAS, 2007.

A. Raynaud-simon and B. Lesourd, Conséquences cliniques, Presse Médicale, vol.29, issue.39, pp.2183-90, 2000.

H. Payette, C. Coulombe, V. Boutier, and . &al, Weight Loss and Mortality Among Free-Living Frail Elders: A Prospective Study, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.54, issue.9, pp.440-445, 1999.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/54.9.M440

H. Lundin, M. Sääf, L. Strender, and . &al, Mini nutritional assessment and 10-year mortality in free-living elderly women: a prospective cohort study with 10-year follow-up, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol.45, issue.9, pp.1050-1053, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.nut.2009.06.012

J. Potter, D. Schafer, and R. Bohi, In-Hospital Mortality as a Function of Body Mass Index: An Age-Dependent Variable, Journal of Gerontology, vol.43, issue.3, pp.59-63, 1988.
DOI : 10.1093/geronj/43.3.M59

D. Sullivan, S. Sun, and R. Walls, Protein-Energy Undernutrition Among Elderly Hospitalized Patients, JAMA, vol.281, issue.21, pp.2013-2019, 1999.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.281.21.2013

L. Söderström, A. Rosenblad, and E. Adolfsson, Nutritional status predicts preterm death in older people: A prospective cohort study, Clinical Nutrition, vol.33, issue.2, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clnu.2013.06.004

D. Sullivan, R. Walls, and D. Lipschitz, Protein-energy undernutrition and the risk of mortality within 1 y of hospital discharge in a select population of geriatric rehabilitation patients, Am J Clin Nutr Mars, vol.53, issue.3, pp.599-605, 1991.

B. Lesourd, Nutrition: a major factor influencing immunity in the elderly, J Nutr Health Aging, vol.8, issue.1, pp.28-37, 2004.

M. Rothan-tondeur, S. Meaume, and L. Girard, Risk Factors for Nosocomial Pneumonia in a Geriatric Hospital: A Control-Case One-Center Study, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.240, issue.3B, pp.997-1001, 2003.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2389.2003.51314.x

E. Paillaud, S. Herbaud, P. Caillet, and . &al, Relations between undernutrition and nosocomial infections in elderly patients, Age and Ageing, vol.34, issue.6, pp.619-625, 2005.
DOI : 10.1093/ageing/afi197

A. El-kadiki and A. Sutton, Role of multivitamins and mineral supplements in preventing infections in elderly people: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials, BMJ, vol.330, issue.7496, p.871, 2005.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.38399.495648.8F

S. Forster, H. Powers, G. Foulds, and . &al, Improvement in Nutritional Status Reduces the Clinical Impact of Infections in Older Adults, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.154, issue.9, pp.1645-1654, 2012.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04118.x

E. Alix, Nutrition chez un malade présentant des escarres. Dans : Hébuterne X. Traité de nutrition de la personne âgée, 2009.

A. Nationale-d, Accréditation des Etablissements de Santé Prévention et traitement des escarres de l'adulte et du sujet âgé

J. Sharkey, C. Giuliani, P. Haines, and . &al, Summary measure of dietary musculoskeletal nutrient (calcium, vitamin D, magnesium, and phosphorus) intakes is associated with lower-extremity physical performance in homebound elderly men and women, Am J Clin Nutr, vol.77, issue.4, pp.847-56, 2003.

H. Bischoff-ferrari, B. Dawson-hughes, and H. Staehelin, Fall prevention with supplemental and active forms of vitamin D: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials, BMJ, vol.339, issue.oct01 1, p.3692, 2009.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.b3692

H. Salminen, M. Sääf, S. Johansson, and . &al, Nutritional status, as determined by the Mini-Nutritional Assessment, and osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study of an elderly female population, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol.48, issue.4, pp.486-493, 2006.
DOI : 10.1093/ageing/30.3.221

K. Ensrud, J. Cauley, R. Lipschutz, and . &al, Weight change and fractures in older women. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol.157, issue.8, pp.857-863, 1997.
DOI : 10.1001/archinte.157.8.857

M. Hannan, K. Tucker, and B. Dawson-hughes, Effect of Dietary Protein on Bone Loss in Elderly Men and Women: The Framingham Osteoporosis Study, Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, vol.35, issue.Suppl 3, pp.2504-2512, 2000.
DOI : 10.1359/jbmr.2000.15.12.2504

E. Paillaud, E. Alonso, I. Bourdel-marchasson, and . &al, Nutrition p??riop??ratoire chez la personne ??g??e. Cas particulier de la fracture de l???extr??mit?? sup??rieure du col du f??mur, Nutrition Clinique et M??tabolisme, vol.24, issue.4, pp.193-195, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.nupar.2010.10.004

M. Bastow, J. Rawlings, and S. Allison, Benefits of supplementary tube feeding after fractured neck of femur: a randomised controlled trial., BMJ, vol.287, issue.6405, pp.1589-1592, 1983.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.287.6405.1589

F. Herrmann, C. Safran, and S. Levkoff, Serum Albumin Level on Admission as a Predictor of Death, Length of Stay, and Readmission, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol.152, issue.1, pp.125-130, 1992.
DOI : 10.1001/archinte.1992.00400130135017

M. Van-nes, F. Herrmann, G. Gold, and . &al, Does the Mini Nutritional Assessment predict hospitalization outcomes in older people?, Age and Ageing, vol.30, issue.3, pp.221-226, 2001.
DOI : 10.1093/ageing/30.3.221

T. Amaral, L. Matos, M. Tavares, and . &al, The economic impact of disease-related malnutrition at hospital admission, Clinical Nutrition, vol.26, issue.6, pp.778-784, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clnu.2007.08.002

K. Freijer, M. Nuijten, . Schols, and . Jmga, The Budget Impact of Oral Nutritional Supplements for Disease Related Malnutrition in Elderly in the Community Setting, Frontiers in Pharmacology, vol.3, p.78, 2012.
DOI : 10.3389/fphar.2012.00078

A. Galanos, C. Pieper, J. Cornoni-huntley, and . &al, Nutrition and Function: Is There a Relationship Between Body Mass Index and the Functional Capabilities of Community-Dwelling Elderly?, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.46, issue.Suppl B, pp.368-373, 1994.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1994.tb07483.x

I. Janssen, Influence of Sarcopenia on the Development of Physical Disability: The Cardiovascular Health Study, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.72, issue.Spec No, pp.56-62, 2006.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.00540.x

Y. Rolland, V. Lauwers-cances, M. Cournot, and . &al, Sarcopenia, Calf Circumference, and Physical Function of Elderly Women: A Cross-Sectional Study, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.5, issue.8, pp.1120-1124, 2003.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2003.51362.x

E. Amarantos, A. Martinez, and J. Dwyer, Nutrition and Quality of Life in Older Adults, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.56, issue.Supplement 2, pp.54-64, 2001.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/56.suppl_2.54

F. Vetta, S. Ronzoni, G. Taglieri, and . &al, The impact of malnutrition on the quality of life in the elderly, Clinical Nutrition, vol.18, issue.5, pp.259-267, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0261-5614(98)80022-8

A. Brantervik, I. Jacobsson, A. Grimby, and . &al, Older hospitalised patients at risk of malnutrition: correlation with quality of life, aid from the social welfare system and length of stay?, Age and Ageing, vol.34, issue.5, pp.444-449, 2005.
DOI : 10.1093/ageing/afi125

N. Crogan and A. Pasvogel, The Influence of Protein-Calorie Malnutrition on Quality of Life in Nursing Homes, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.58, issue.2, pp.159-164, 2003.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/58.2.M159

N. Boumendjel, F. Herrmann, V. Girod, and . &al, Refrigerator content and hospital admission in old people, The Lancet, vol.356, issue.9229, p.563, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02583-6

W. Chumlea, A. Roche, and M. Steinbaugh, Estimating Stature from Knee Height for Persons 60 to 90 Years of Age, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.56, issue.2, pp.116-120, 1985.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1985.tb02276.x

J. Stevens, J. Cai, E. Pamuk, and . &al, The Effect of Age on the Association between Body-Mass Index and Mortality, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.338, issue.1, pp.1-7, 1998.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJM199801013380101

K. Flegal, B. Kit, H. Orpana, and . &al, Association of All-Cause Mortality With Overweight and Obesity Using Standard Body Mass Index Categories, JAMA, vol.309, issue.1, pp.71-82, 2013.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.2012.113905

J. Cohen-mansfield and R. Perach, Is There a Reversal in the Effect of Obesity on Mortality in Old Age?, Journal of Aging Research, vol.10, issue.4, pp.1-8, 2011.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.53.8.2087

A. Weiss, Y. Beloosesky, M. Boaz, and . &al, Body Mass Index is Inversely Related to Mortality in Elderly Subjects, Journal of General Internal Medicine, vol.10, issue.2, pp.19-24, 2007.
DOI : 10.1007/s11606-007-0429-4

M. Mowé, L. Diep, and T. Bøhmer, GREATER SEVEN-YEAR SURVIVAL IN VERY AGED PATIENTS WITH BODY MASS INDEX BETWEEN 24 AND 26??????KG/M2, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.22, issue.(S, pp.359-360, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01505.x

F. Landi, G. Onder, A. Russo, and . &al, Calf circumference, frailty and physical performance among older adults living in the community, Clinical Nutrition, vol.33, issue.3, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clnu.2013.07.013

C. Aussel and L. Cynober, L???albumin??mie est-elle un marqueur de l?????tat nutritionnel???, Nutrition Clinique et M??tabolisme, vol.27, issue.1, pp.28-33, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.nupar.2012.12.003

O. Bouillanne, P. Hay, B. Liabaud, and . &al, Evidence that albumin is not a suitable marker of body composition-related nutritional status in elderly patients, Nutrition, vol.27, issue.2, pp.165-169, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.nut.2009.12.007

J. Rhoads and C. Alexander, NUTRITIONAL PROBLEMS OF SURGICAL PATIENTS, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.84, issue.9, pp.268-275, 1955.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1955.tb32095.x

J. Vincent, M. Dubois, R. Navickis, and . &al, Hypoalbuminemia in Acute Illness: Is There a Rationale for Intervention?, Annals of Surgery, vol.237, issue.3, pp.319-334, 2003.
DOI : 10.1097/01.SLA.0000055547.93484.87

R. Dennis, L. Johnson, P. Roberson, and . &al, Changes in Prealbumin, Nutrient Intake, and Systemic Inflammation in Elderly Recuperative Care Patients, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.21, issue.7, pp.1270-1275, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.01789.x

C. Aussel and L. Cynober, Méthodes diagnostiques de la dénutrition chez la personne âgée. Dans : Hébuterne X. Traité de nutrition de la personne âgée, 2009.

A. Shenkin, Serum Prealbumin: Is It a Marker of Nutritional Status or of Risk of Malnutrition?, Clinical Chemistry, vol.52, issue.12, pp.2177-2179, 2006.
DOI : 10.1373/clinchem.2006.077412

E. Alix, Les outils d'évaluation de l'état nutritionnel. Dans : Ferry M. Nutrition de la personne âgée [aspects fondamentaux

Y. Guigoz and B. Vellas, Test d'évaluation de l'état nutritionnel de la personne âgée : le mini nutritional assessment (MNA), Med Hyg, vol.53, pp.1965-1969, 1995.

Y. Guigoz, A. Skipper, G. Jensen, and . &al, The mini nutritional assessment (MNA®) review of the literature: What does it tell us?, J Nutr Health Aging, vol.10, issue.6, pp.456-85, 2006.

B. Vellas, H. Villars, G. Abellan, and . &al, Overview of the MNA®: its history and challenges, J Nutr Health Aging, vol.10, issue.6, pp.456-63, 2006.

Y. Guigoz, B. Vellas, and P. Garry, Mini nutritional assessment: A practical tool for grading the nutritional state of elderly patients, Fact Res Interv Geriatr, pp.15-60, 1997.

A. Van-kan, G. Sinclair, A. Andrieu, and S. &al, The geriatric minimum data set for clinical trials (GMDS), The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging, vol.332, issue.15, pp.197-200, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02982620

L. Rubenstein, J. Harker, A. Salvà, and . &al, Screening for Undernutrition in Geriatric Practice: Developing the Short-Form Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF), The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.56, issue.6, pp.366-372, 2001.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/56.6.M366

M. Garcia-meseguer and R. Serrano-urrea, Validation of the revised mini nutritional assessment short-forms in nursing homes in Spain, The journal of nutrition, health & aging, vol.40, issue.3, pp.26-29, 2013.
DOI : 10.1007/s12603-012-0079-z

M. Kaiser, J. Bauer, W. Uter, and . &al, Prospective Validation of the Modified Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Forms in the Community, Nursing Home, and Rehabilitation Setting, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.50, issue.11, pp.2124-2128, 2011.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03659.x

J. White, R. Ham, and D. Lipschitz, Consensus of the Nutrition Screening Initiative: risk factors and indicators of poor nutritional status in older Americans, J Am Diet Assoc Juillet, vol.91, issue.7, pp.783-787, 1991.

P. Brocker, G. Orsay, and J. Meunier, Utilisation des indicateurs cliniques de dénutrition en pratique de ville chez 7851 sujets âgés : L'enquête AGENA, Age Nutr Paris, vol.14, issue.3, pp.139-145, 2003.

J. Kondrup, Nutritional risk screening (NRS 2002): a new method based on an analysis of controlled clinical trials, Clinical Nutrition, vol.22, issue.3, pp.321-336, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0261-5614(02)00214-5

A. Detsky, J. Mclaughlin, J. Baker, and . &al, What is subjective global assessment of nutritional status?, Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, vol.11, issue.1, pp.8-13, 1987.
DOI : 10.1177/014860718701100108

G. Buzby, W. Williford, O. Peterson, and . &al, A randomized clinical trial of total parenteral nutrition in malnourished surgical patients: the rationale and impact of previous clinical trials and pilot study on protocol design, Am J Clin Nutr Février, vol.47, issue.2, pp.357-365, 1988.

O. Bouillanne, G. Morineau, C. Dupont, and . &al, Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index: a new index for evaluating at-risk elderly medical patients, Am J Clin Nutr, vol.82, issue.4, pp.777-83, 2005.

Y. Ingenbleek and Y. Carpentier, A prognostic inflammatory and nutritional index scoring critically ill patients, Int J Vitam Nutr Res Int Z, vol.55, issue.1, pp.91-101, 1985.

M. Bonnefoy, L. Ayzac, Y. Ingenbleek, and . &al, Usefulness of the prognostic inflammatory and nutritional index (PINI) in hospitalized elderly patients, Int J Vitam Nutr Res Int Z Für Vitam- Ernährungsforschung J Int Vitaminol Nutr, vol.68, issue.3, pp.189-195, 1998.

U. Kyle, I. Bosaeus, D. Lorenzo, and A. &al, Bioelectrical impedance analysis???part II: utilization in clinical practice, Clinical Nutrition, vol.23, issue.6, pp.1430-1453, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clnu.2004.09.012

U. Kyle, E. Soundar, L. Genton, and . &al, Can phase angle determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis assess nutritional risk? A comparison between healthy and hospitalized subjects, Clinical Nutrition, vol.31, issue.6, pp.875-881, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clnu.2012.04.002

U. Kyle, L. Genton, and C. Pichard, Low phase angle determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis is associated with malnutrition and nutritional risk at hospital admission, Clinical Nutrition, vol.32, issue.2, pp.294-299, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clnu.2012.08.001

F. Locatelli, D. Fouque, O. Heimburger, and . &al, Nutritional status in dialysis patients: a European consensus, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, vol.17, issue.4, pp.563-572, 2002.
DOI : 10.1093/ndt/17.4.563

A. Coin, S. Giannini, and N. Minicuci, Limb fat-free mass and fat mass reference values by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in a 20???80 year-old italian population, Clinical Nutrition, vol.31, issue.4, pp.506-511, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clnu.2012.01.012

. Haut-comité-de-la-santé-publique, Pour une politique nutritionnelle de santé publique en France. Enjeux et propositions, Rennes. Ed. ENSP, vol.275, 2000.

M. Ferry, Nutrition de la personne âgée : aspects fondamentaux, cliniques et psychosociaux

J. Kondrup, S. Allison, M. Elia, and . &al, ESPEN Guidelines for Nutrition Screening 2002, Clinical Nutrition, vol.22, issue.4, pp.415-421, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0261-5614(03)00098-0

J. White, P. Guenter, G. Jensen, and . &al, Consensus Statement: Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, vol.145, issue.2, pp.730-738, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clnu.2008.07.009

M. Ferry, Nutrition de la personne âgée [aspects fondamentaux, cliniques et psycho-sociaux

N. Stroebele, D. Castro, and J. , Effect of ambience on food intake and food choice, Nutrition, vol.20, issue.9, pp.821-838, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.nut.2004.05.012

K. Nijs, C. De-graaf, F. Kok, and . &al, Effect of family style mealtimes on quality of life, physical performance, and body weight of nursing home residents: cluster randomised controlled trial, BMJ, vol.332, issue.7551, pp.1180-1184, 2006.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.38825.401181.7C

C. Bouteloup, Complémentation nutritionnelle orale chez une personne âgée: indications et résultats. Dans : Hébuterne X. Traité de nutrition de la personne âgée, 2009.

A. Milne, J. Potter, A. Vivanti, and A. Avenell, Protein and energy supplementation in elderly people at risk from malnutrition. Dans : The Cochrane Collaboration, Disponible sur, 2009.

C. Baldwin and C. Weekes, Dietary advice with or without oral nutritional supplements for disease-related malnutrition in adults
DOI : 10.1002/14651858.CD002008.pub4

A. Avenell and H. Handoll, Nutritional supplementation for hip fracture aftercare in older people The Cochrane Collaboration, Avenell A, éd, Disponible sur, 2010.

R. Stratton, A. Ek, M. Engfer, and . &al, Enteral nutritional support in prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Ageing Research Reviews, vol.4, issue.3, pp.422-450, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.arr.2005.03.005

G. Langer, A. Knerr, O. Kuss, and . &al, Nutritional interventions for preventing and treating pressure ulcers Dans : The Cochrane Collaboration, Langer G, éd, Disponible sur, 2003.

O. Bouillanne, E. Curis, B. Hamon-vilcot, and . &al, Impact of protein pulse feeding on lean mass in malnourished and at-risk hospitalized elderly patients: A randomized controlled trial, Clinical Nutrition, vol.32, issue.2, pp.186-192, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clnu.2012.08.015

C. Aussel, E. Woelffle, P. Lemoigne, and . &al, Une nouvelle strat??gie nutritionnelle pour lutter contre la d??nutrition et la sarcop??nie??: le r??gime prot??ique puls??, Cahiers de Nutrition et de Di??t??tique, vol.48, issue.1, pp.33-40, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cnd.2012.11.001

C. Gryson, S. Walrand, C. Giraudet, and . &al, ???Fast proteins??? with a unique essential amino acid content as an optimal nutrition in the elderly: Growing evidence, Clinical Nutrition, vol.33, issue.4, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clnu.2013.09.004

S. Schneider and X. Hébuterne, Nutrition entérale de la personne âgée, Dans : Hébuterne X. Traité de nutrition de la personne âgée, 2009.

A. Barras-moret, E. Guex, and C. Bertrand, Le syndrome de renutrition inappropri??e??: la cl?? du traitement est la pr??vention, Nutrition Clinique et M??tabolisme, vol.25, issue.2, pp.86-90, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.nupar.2011.04.006

A. Van-gossum, E. Cabre, X. Hébuterne, and . &al, ESPEN Guidelines on Parenteral Nutrition: Gastroenterology, Clinical Nutrition, vol.28, issue.4, pp.415-427, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clnu.2009.04.022

K. Maslow, Total Parenteral Nutrition and Tube Feeding for Elderly Patients: Findings of an OTA Study, Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, vol.35, issue.5, pp.425-432, 1988.
DOI : 10.1177/0148607188012005425

B. Messing, D. Barnoud, P. Beau, and . &al, A 1993-1995 epidemiological survey of home parenteral nutrition in approved centers for adults in France, Gastroentérologie Clin Biol Avr, vol.22, issue.4, pp.413-418, 1998.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00390221

N. Champoux, D. Souich, P. Ravaoarinoro, and M. &al, Single-dose pharmacokinetics of ampicillin and tobramycin administered by hypodermoclysis in young and older healthy volunteers, British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, vol.42, issue.3, pp.325-331, 1996.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2125.1996.03967.x

E. Bruera, M. Legris, N. Kuehn, and . &al, Hypodermoclysis for the administration of fluids and narcotic analgesics in patients with advanced cancer, Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, vol.5, issue.4, pp.218-220, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0885-3924(90)90014-B

M. Ferry, X. Leverve, and T. Constans, Comparison of Subcutaneous and Intravenous Administration of a Solution of Aminoacids in Older Patients, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.39, issue.7, pp.857-860, 1997.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb01515.x

M. Lamande, V. Dardaine-giraud, H. Ripault, and . &al, Utilisation de l'hypodermoclyse en gériatrie : Étude prospective sur 6 mois, Année Gérontol, vol.18, issue.1, pp.121-130, 2004.

P. Brocker and B. Vellas, A Two-centre, Randomized, Double-blind Trial of Ornithine Oxoglutarate in 194 Elderly, Ambulatory, Convalescent Subjects, Age and Ageing, vol.23, issue.4, pp.303-306, 1994.
DOI : 10.1093/ageing/23.4.303

S. Meaume, J. Kerihuel, T. Constans, and . &al, Efficacy and safety of ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate in heel pressure ulcers in elderly patients: Results of a randomized controlled trial, The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging, vol.33, issue.2, pp.623-630, 2009.
DOI : 10.1007/s12603-009-0173-z

H. Autorité and D. Santé, Prévention des chutes accidentelles chez la personne âgée Recommandations pour la pratique clinique Société Française de Documentation et de Rencherche en Médecine Générale. HAS, Paris ; Novembre, 2005.

F. Neelemaat, P. Lips, J. Bosmans, and . &al, Short-Term Oral Nutritional Intervention with Protein and Vitamin D Decreases Falls in Malnourished Older Adults, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.26, issue.Suppl 4, pp.691-699, 2012.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03888.x

H. Biesalski, R. Brummer, J. König, and . &al, Micronutrient deficiencies, Hohenheim Consensus Conference, pp.353-363, 2003.
DOI : 10.1007/s00394-003-0460-0

G. Bjelakovic, D. Nikolova, L. Gluud, and . &al, Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, vol.2012

M. Bonnefoy, T. Constans, and M. Ferry, Influence de la nutrition et de l'activité physique sur le muscle au grand âge : Dénutrition du sujet âgé, Press Med, vol.29, issue.39, pp.2177-2182, 2000.

S. Borst, Interventions for sarcopenia and muscle weakness in older people, Age and Ageing, vol.33, issue.6, pp.548-555, 2004.
DOI : 10.1093/ageing/afh201

L. Breen and S. Phillips, Skeletal muscle protein metabolism in the elderly: Interventions to counteract the 'anabolic resistance' of ageing, Nutrition & Metabolism, vol.8, issue.1, p.68, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/S0149-2918(00)80043-0

H. Autorité and D. Santé, Evaluation et améliorations des pratiques Stratégie de prise en charge en cas de dénutrition protéino-énergétique chez la personne âgée. Série de critères de qualité pour l'évaluation et l'amélioration des pratiques

H. Autorité and D. Santé, Une méthode d'amélioration de la qualité Audit Clinique Ciblé, évaluation des pratiques par comparaison à un référentiel. HAS, Paris, 2006.

R. Thibault, Dépistage et prévalence de la dénutrition : résultats d'une évaluation des pratiques professionnelles (EPP) dans un CHU, pp.24-27, 2011.

H. Finiels, D. Strubel, and J. Jacquot, Les troubles de la deglutition du sujet âgé ? Aspects épidémiologiques, Presse Médicale Paris, vol.30, issue.33, pp.1623-1634, 2001.

S. Legrain and . Consommation-médicamenteuse-chez-le-sujet-Âgé, Consommation, prescritpion, iatrogénie et observance. HAS, Paris, 2005.

M. Folliguet, Prévention bucco-dentaire chez les personnes âgées Direction Générale de la Santé SD2B, Disponible sur, 2006.

N. Salles and J. J. , Effets d???une intervention nutritionnelle sur la pr??vention et le traitement des escarres, Nutrition Clinique et M??tabolisme, vol.26, issue.1, pp.34-39, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.nupar.2011.12.001

C. Hawes, J. Morris, C. Phillips, and . &al, Development of the Nursing Home Resident Assessment Instrument in the USA, Age and Ageing, vol.26, issue.suppl 2, pp.19-25, 1997.
DOI : 10.1093/ageing/26.suppl_2.19

D. Thomas, C. Zdrowski, M. Wilson, and . &al, Malnutrition in subacute care, Am J Clin Nutr, vol.75, issue.2, pp.308-321, 2002.

K. Bach-ngohou, A. Rettembourg, L. Carrer, and D. &al, Evaluation clinico-biologique de la dénutrition, Ann Biol Clin, vol.62, issue.4, pp.395-403, 2004.

K. Charlton, C. Nichols, and S. Bowden, Older rehabilitation patients are at high risk of malnutrition: Evidence from a large Australian database, The journal of nutrition, health & aging, vol.50, issue.Suppl1, pp.622-628, 2010.
DOI : 10.1007/s12603-010-0307-3