.. Avec-pimozide, 43 3.3.1.8 ? Association clozapine avec sertindole, p.44

B. Agid, O. Kapur, S. Arenovich, and T. , Delayed-Onset Hypothesis of Antipsychotic Action, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol.60, issue.12, pp.1228-1263, 2003.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.60.12.1228

O. Agid, L. Schulze, and T. Arenovich, Antipsychotic response in first-episode schizophrenia: efficacy of high doses and switching, European Neuropsychopharmacology, vol.23, issue.9, pp.1017-1039, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.04.010

H. Assion, H. Reinbold, S. Lemanski, M. Basilowski, and G. Juckel, Amisulpride Augmentation in Patients with Schizophrenia Partially Responsive or Unresponsive to Clozapine. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial, Pharmacopsychiatry, vol.41, issue.1, pp.24-28, 2008.
DOI : 10.1055/s-2007-993209

R. Baker, B. Kinon, G. Maguire, H. Liu, and A. Hill, Effectiveness of Rapid Initial Dose Escalation of up to Forty Milligrams per Day of Oral Olanzapine in Acute Agitation, Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, vol.23, issue.4, pp.342-348, 2003.
DOI : 10.1097/01.jcp.0000085406.08426.a8

T. Baptista, N. Rangel, and V. Fernandez, Metformin as an adjunctive treatment to control body weight and metabolic dysfunction during olanzapine administration: A multicentric, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, Schizophrenia Research, vol.93, issue.1-3, pp.99-108, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.schres.2007.03.029

C. Barbui, A. Signoretti, S. Mule, M. Boso, and A. Cipriani, Does the Addition of a Second Antipsychotic Drug Improve Clozapine Treatment?, Schizophrenia Bulletin, vol.35, issue.2, pp.458-468, 2009.
DOI : 10.1093/schbul/sbn030

C. Bardenat and J. Sutter, Un cas de résistance à l'insuline dans le traitement de la schizophrénie. Congrès des aliénistes, pp.346-349, 1938.

T. Barnes and C. Mcevedy, Pharmacological treatment strategies in the non-responsive schizophrenic patient, International Clinical Psychopharmacology, vol.11, issue.Supplement 2, pp.67-71, 1996.
DOI : 10.1097/00004850-199605002-00011

R. Bell, A. Mclaren, J. Galanos, and D. Copolov, The Clinical Use of Plasma Clozapine Levels, Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, vol.122, issue.4
DOI : 10.3109/00048679809068332

S. Bender, T. Linka, J. Wolstein, S. Gehendges, H. Paulus et al., Safety and efficacy of combined clozapine???lithium pharmacotherapy, The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, vol.7, issue.1
DOI : 10.1017/S1461145703003870

C. Rowland, A. Monkhouse, F. Bole, S. Sathiyamoorthy, D. Piskulic et al., Mirtazapine addon therapy in the treatment of schizophrenia with atypical antipsychotics: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial, Hum. Psychopharmacol, vol.24, pp.233-238, 2009.

S. Borentain, B. Millet, and J. Olie, Cardiac risk at the onset of treatment in patients treated with benzodiazepines and clozapine, European Psychiatry, vol.17, issue.7, pp.419-420, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0924-9338(02)00699-5

H. Brenner and M. Merlo, Definition of therapy-resistant schizophrenia and its assessment, European Psychiatry, vol.10, pp.11-18, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0767-399X(96)80079-4

R. Buchanan, B. Kirkpatrick, N. Bryant, P. Ball, and A. Breier, Fluoxetine augmentation of clozapine treatment in patients with schizophrenia, Am. J. Psychiatry, vol.153, pp.1625-1627, 1996.

R. Buchanan, J. Kreyenbuhl, D. Kelly, J. Noel, D. Boggs et al., The 2009 Schizophrenia PORT Psychopharmacological Treatment Recommendations and Summary Statements, Schizophrenia Bulletin, vol.36, issue.1, pp.71-93, 2010.
DOI : 10.1093/schbul/sbp116

P. Buckley, A. Miller, J. Olsen, D. Garver, D. Miller et al., When Symptoms Persist: Clozapine Augmentation Strategies, Schizophrenia Bulletin, vol.27, issue.4, pp.615-628, 2001.
DOI : 10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006901

URL : http://schizophreniabulletin.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/27/4/615

W. Carpenter, . Jr, R. Conley, R. Buchanan, A. Breier et al., Patient response and resource management: another view of clozapine treatment of schizophrenia

W. Carpenter, . Jr, J. Zito, J. Vitrai, and J. Volavka, Hypothesis testing: Is clozapine's superior efficacy dependent on moderate D2 receptor occupancy?, Biological Psychiatry, vol.43, issue.2, pp.79-83, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00226-1

M. Chakos, J. Lieberman, and E. Hoffman, Effectiveness of second-generation antipsychotics in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia: a review and meta-analysis of randomized trials, Am J Psychiatry, 2001.

J. Chang, Y. Ahn, and H. Park, Aripiprazole Augmentation in Clozapine-Treated Patients With Refractory Schizophrenia, The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, vol.69, issue.5, pp.720-731, 2008.
DOI : 10.4088/JCP.v69n0505

R. Conley and D. Kelly, Management of treatment resistance in schizophrenia, Biological Psychiatry, vol.50, issue.11
DOI : 10.1016/S0006-3223(01)01271-9

R. Conley, W. Carpenter, . Jr, and C. Tamminga, Time to clozapine response in a standardized trial, Am. J. Psychiatry, vol.154, pp.1243-1247, 1997.

C. Correll, C. Rummel-kluge, C. Corves, J. Kane, and S. Leucht, Antipsychotic Combinations vs Monotherapy in Schizophrenia: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials, Schizophrenia Bulletin, vol.35, issue.2, pp.443-457, 2009.
DOI : 10.1093/schbul/sbn018

L. Couchman, P. Morgan, E. Spencer, A. Johnston, and R. Flanagan, Plasma Clozapine and Norclozapine in Patients Prescribed Different Brands of Clozapine (Clozaril, Denzapine, and Zaponex), Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, vol.32, issue.5, pp.624-627, 2010.
DOI : 10.1097/FTD.0b013e3181f0a1a2

T. Crow, Molecular pathology of schizophrenia: more than one disease process?, BMJ, vol.280, issue.6207
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.280.6207.66

J. Csernansky, J. Yesavage, W. Maloney, and J. Kaplan, The treatment response scale: a retrospective method of assessing response to neuroleptics, Am J Psychiatry, vol.140, issue.9, pp.1210-1213, 1983.

J. Davis, DOSE EQUIVALENCE OF THE ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS, J. Psychiatry Res, vol.11, pp.65-69, 1974.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-0-08-018242-1.50015-5

J. Davis and N. Chen, Dose Response and Dose Equivalence of Antipsychotics, Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, vol.24, issue.2, pp.192-208, 2004.
DOI : 10.1097/01.jcp.0000117422.05703.ae

O. Devinsky, G. Honigfeld, and P. J. , Clozapine-related seizures, Neurology, vol.41, issue.3, pp.369-371, 1991.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.41.3.369

L. Dixon, A. Lehman, and J. Levine, Conventional Antipsychotic Medications for Schizophrenia, Schizophrenia Bulletin, vol.21, issue.4, 1995.
DOI : 10.1093/schbul/21.4.567

M. Dold and S. Leucht, Pharmacotherapy of treatment-resistant schizophrenia: a clinical perspective, Evidence Based Mental Health, vol.197, issue.(Suppl 2), pp.33-37, 2014.
DOI : 10.1136/eb-2014-101813

P. Donlon, J. Hopkin, J. Tupin, J. Wicks, M. Wahba et al., Haloperidol for Acute Schizophrenic Patients, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol.37, issue.6, pp.691-695, 1980.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.1980.01780190089011

S. Dursun and S. Devarajan, Clozapine weight gain, plus topiramate weight loss, Can J Psychiatry, vol.45, p.198, 2000.

R. Emsley, C. Myburgh, P. Oosthuizer, and S. Van-regsburg, Randomized placebocontrolled study of ethyl-eicosapentaeroic acid as supplemental treatment in schizophrenia

R. Maj and M. , Is the time course of clozapine response correlated to the time course of clozapine plasma levels? A one-year prospective study in drug-resistant patients with schizophrenia

E. Fakra and J. Azorin, Clozapine for the treatment of schizophrenia, Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, vol.24, issue.18, pp.1923-1935, 2012.
DOI : 10.1093/schbul/23.4.663

L. Farde, Positron Emission Tomographic Analysis of Central D1 and D2 Dopamine Receptor Occupancy in Patients Treated With Classical Neuroleptics and Clozapine, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol.49, issue.7, pp.538-582, 1992.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.1992.01820070032005

W. Fenton, F. Dickerson, J. Boronow, J. Hibbeln, and M. Knable, A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Omega-3 Fatty Acid (Ethyl Eicosapentaenoic Acid) Supplementation for Residual Symptoms and Cognitive Impairment in Schizophrenia, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.158, issue.12, pp.2071-2074, 2001.
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ajp.158.12.2071

A. Safferman and J. Kane, Clozapine dose in the United States and Europe: implications for therapeutic and adverse effects, J. Clin. Psychiatry, vol.55, pp.78-81, 1994.

W. Fleischhacker, T. Heikkinen, and J. Olie, Weight change on aripiprazole-clozapine combination in schizophrenic patients with weight gain and suboptimal response on clozapine: 16-week double-blind study, European Psychiatry, vol.23, issue.2, pp.114-115, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.01.784

W. Fleischhacker, M. Heikkinen, and J. Olie, Effects of adjunctive treatment with aripiprazole on body weight and clinical efficacy in schizophrenia patients treated with clozapine: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, vol.13, issue.08, pp.1115-1125, 2010.
DOI : 10.1017/S1461145710000490

F. Frankenburg and R. Baldessarini, Clozapine ? a novel antip-sychotic [letter], N Engl J

O. Freudenreich, D. Henderson, J. Walsh, M. Culhane, and D. Goff, Risperidone augmentation for schizophrenia partially responsive to clozapine: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, Schizophrenia Research, vol.92, issue.1-3, pp.90-94, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.schres.2006.12.030

J. Friedman, J. Lindenmayer, and F. Alcantara, Pimozide Augmentation of Clozapine Inpatients with Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder Unresponsive to Clozapine Monotherapy, Neuropsychopharmacology, vol.156, issue.6, pp.1289-1295, 2011.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00498834

D. Gardner, A. Murphy, O. Donnell, and H. , International Consensus Study of Antipsychotic Dosing, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.167, issue.6, pp.686-93, 2010.
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09060802

A. Giegling, M. Drago, H. J. Schafer, D. Moller, A. Rujescu et al., Interaction of haloperidol plasma level and antipsychotic effect in early phases of acute psychosis treatment, Journal of Psychiatric Research, vol.44, issue.8, pp.44-487, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2009.11.004

R. Girgis, J. Javitch, and J. Lieberman, Antipsychotic drug mechanisms: links between therapeutic effects, metabolic side effects and the insulin signaling pathway, Molecular Psychiatry, vol.111, issue.10, pp.918-947, 2008.
DOI : 10.1124/mol.66.1.97

D. Goff, D. Henderson, A. Evins, and E. Amico, A placebo-controlled crossover trial of d-cycloserine added to clozapine in patients with schizophrenia, Biological Psychiatry, vol.45, issue.4, pp.45-512, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00367-9

D. Goff, L. Leahy, I. Berman, T. Posever, L. Herz et al., A Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study of the Ampakine CX516 Added to Clozapine in Schizophrenia, Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, vol.21, issue.5
DOI : 10.1097/00004714-200110000-00005

E. Webster, Lamotrigine as add-on therapy in schizophrenia: results of 2 placebo-controlled trials, J. Clin. Psychopharmacol, vol.27, pp.582-589, 2007.

D. Goff, M. Hill, and O. Freudenreich, Strategies for Improving Treatment Adherence in Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder, The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, vol.71, issue.suppl 2, pp.20-26, 2010.
DOI : 10.4088/JCP.9096su1cc.04

G. Grunder, H. Hippius, and A. Carlsson, The 'atypicality' of antipsychotics: a concept re-examined and re-defined, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, vol.165, issue.3, pp.197-202, 2009.
DOI : 10.1038/nrd2806

C. Guitton, J. Kinowski, M. Abbar, P. Chabrand, and F. Bressolle, Clozapine and Metabolite Concentrations during Treatment of Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia, The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, vol.147, issue.Suppl., pp.721-728, 1999.
DOI : 10.1177/00912709922008245

S. Gupta, S. Sonnenberg, and B. Frank, Olanzapine Augmentation of Clozapine, Annals of Clinical Psychiatry, vol.10, issue.3
DOI : 10.3109/10401239809148944

J. Harrison, M. Janlov, and A. Wheeler, Patterns of clozapine prescribing in a mental health service in New Zealand, Pharmacy World & Science, vol.21, issue.4, pp.503-514, 2010.
DOI : 10.1007/s11096-010-9398-5

A. Hasan, P. Falkai, and T. Wobrock, World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Guidelines for Biological Treatment of Schizophrenia, Part 1: Update 2012 on the acute treatment of schizophrenia and the management of treatment resistance, The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, vol.22, issue.1
DOI : 10.1016/j.schres.2007.02.009

C. Hiemke, P. Baumann, and N. Bergemann, AGNP Consensus Guidelines for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Psychiatry: Update 2011, Pharmacopsychiatry, vol.44, issue.06, pp.195-235, 2011.
DOI : 10.1055/s-0031-1286287

H. Hippius, A historical perspective of clozapine, J Clin Psychiatry, vol.6012, 1999.

W. Honer, A. Thornton, and E. Chen, Clozapine Alone versus Clozapine and Risperidone with Refractory Schizophrenia, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.354, issue.5, pp.472-482, 2006.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMoa053222

O. Howes, F. Vergunst, S. Gee, P. Mcguire, S. Kapur et al., Adherence to treatment guidelines in clinical practice: study of antipsychotic treatment prior to clozapine initiation, The British Journal of Psychiatry, vol.201, issue.6, 2012.
DOI : 10.1192/bjp.bp.111.105833

R. Josiassen, A. Joseph, and E. Kohegyi, Clozapine Augmented With Risperidone in the Treatment of Schizophrenia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.162, issue.1, pp.130-136, 2005.
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.1.130

J. Kane, G. Honigfeld, J. Singer, and H. Meltzer, Clozapine for the Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenic, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol.45, issue.9, pp.789-796, 1988.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.1988.01800330013001

J. Kane, S. Marder, and P. Seeman, Psychopharmacologic treatment of schizophrenia Does fast dissociation from the dopamine D(2) receptor explain the action of atypical antipsychotics? A new hypothesis, Schizophr Bull Am J Psychiatry, vol.19158, pp.287-302, 1993.

S. Kapur, T. Arenovich, and O. Agid, Evidence for Onset of Antipsychotic Effects Within the First 24 Hours of Treatment, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.162, issue.5, pp.939-985, 2005.
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.5.939

D. Kelly, R. Conley, S. Feldman, Y. Yu, R. Mcmahon et al., Adjunct Divalproex or Lithium to Clozapine in Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia, Psychiatric Quarterly, vol.152, issue.2, pp.81-95, 2006.
DOI : 10.1007/s11126-006-7963-9

A. Khan and S. Preskorn, Examining Concentration-Dependent Toxicity of Clozapine: Role of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Journal of Psychiatric Practice, vol.11, issue.5, pp.289-301, 2005.
DOI : 10.1097/00131746-200509000-00003

B. Kinon, J. Kane, and R. Perovish, Influence of neuroleptic dose and class in treatment-resistant schizophrenia relapse, Presented at the 32nd Annual Meeting of the New Clinical Drug Evaluation Unit, 1992.

B. Kinon, J. Kane, and C. John, Treatment of neuroleptic resistant schizophrenia relapse

B. Kinon, J. Volavka, and V. Stauffer, Standard and Higher Dose of Olanzapine in Patients With Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder, Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, vol.28, issue.4, pp.392-400, 2008.
DOI : 10.1097/JCP.0b013e31817e63a5

V. Kontaxakis, P. Ferentinos, B. Havaki-kontaxaki, and D. Roukas, Randomized controlled augmentation trials in clozapine-resistant schizophrenic patients: a critical review, European Psychiatry, vol.20, issue.5-6
DOI : 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2004.12.007

I. Kramer, C. Rauber-luthy, H. Kupferschmidt, S. Krahenbuhl, and A. Ceschi, Minimal Dose for Severe Poisoning and Influencing Factors in Acute Human Clozapine Intoxication, Clinical Neuropharmacology, vol.33, issue.5, pp.230-234, 2010.
DOI : 10.1097/WNF.0b013e3181f0ec55

I. Kremer, A. Vass, I. Gorelik, G. Bar, M. Blanaru et al., Placebocontrolled trial of lamotrigine added to conventional and atypical antipsychotics in schizophrenia, Biol. Psychiatry, pp.56-441, 2004.

J. Lieberman, Plasma clozapine levels and clinical response for treatment-refractory schizophrenic patients, Am. J. Psychiatry, vol.152, pp.179-182, 1995.

Y. Lam, L. Ereshefsky, G. Toney, and C. Gonzales, Branded versus generic clozapine: bioavailability comparison and interchangeability issues, J Clin Psychiatry, vol.5, pp.18-22, 2001.

G. Lan, Z. Li, and L. Li, A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of combined citalopram and clozapine in the treatment of negative symptoms of schizophrenia, Chin Ment Health J, vol.20, pp.696-698, 2006.

A. Lehman, J. Lieberman, and L. Dixon, Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia, second edition, Am J Psychiatry, vol.161, issue.2, pp.1-56, 2004.

S. Leucht, R. Busch, and W. Kissling, Early Prediction of Antipsychotic Nonresponse Among Patients With Schizophrenia, The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, vol.68, issue.03, pp.352-60, 2007.
DOI : 10.4088/JCP.v68n0301

P. Bookstein and J. Kane, Clinical effects of clozapine in chronic schizophrenia: response to treatment and predictors of outcome, Am. J. Psychiatry, vol.151, pp.1744-1752, 1994.

H. Lôo and E. Zarifian, Limites d'efficacité des chimiothérapies

E. Lowe and M. Ackman, Impact of Tobacco Smoking Cessation on Stable Clozapine or Olanzapine Treatment, Annals of Pharmacotherapy, vol.44, issue.4, pp.727-759, 2010.
DOI : 10.1345/aph.1M398

M. Lu, H. Lane, K. Chen, M. Jann, M. Su et al., Fluvoxamine Reduces the Clozapine Dosage Needed in Refractory Schizophrenic Patients, The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, vol.61, issue.8, pp.61-594, 2000.
DOI : 10.4088/JCP.v61n0809

M. Lu, . Lanehy, S. Lin, K. Chen, and W. Chang, Adjunctive Fluvoxamine Inhibits Clozapine-Related Weight Gain and Metabolic Disturbances, The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, vol.65, issue.6, pp.65-766, 2004.
DOI : 10.4088/JCP.v65n0607

D. Aripiprazole-on, 5-HT2, and 5-HT1A Receptor Occupancy in Patients With Schizophrenia: a Triple Tracer PET Study, Am J Psychiatry, vol.164, pp.1411-1417, 2007.

D. Marinkovic, I. Timotijevic, T. Babinski, S. Totic, and V. Paunovic, The side-effects of clozapine: A four year follow-up study, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, vol.18, issue.3, pp.537-544, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0278-5846(94)90010-8

A. Masoudzadeh and A. Khalilian, Comparative study of clozapine, electroshock and the combination of ECT with clozapine in treatment-resistant schizophrenic patients. Pak, J. Biol

P. May, S. Dencker, and J. Hubbard, A systematic approach to treatment resistance in schizophrenic disorders, Treatment Resistance in Schizophrenia. Braunschweig, pp.22-25, 1988.

J. Mcevoy, J. Lieberman, and T. Stroup, Effectiveness of Clozapine Versus Olanzapine, Quetiapine, and Risperidone in Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia Who Did Not Respond to Prior Atypical Antipsychotic Treatment, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.163, issue.4, pp.600-610, 2006.
DOI : 10.1176/ajp.2006.163.4.600

S. Mcgurk, M. Green, and W. Wirshing, Antipsychotic and anticholinergic effects on two types of spatial memory in schizophrenia, Schizophrenia Research, vol.68, issue.2-3, pp.225-233, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0920-9964(03)00123-3

H. Meltzer, B. Bastani, K. Kwon, L. Ramirez, S. Burnett et al., A prospective study of clozapine in treatment-resistant schizophrenic patients, Psychopharmacology, vol.10, issue.S1
DOI : 10.1007/BF00442563

H. Meltzer, S. Burnett, B. Bastani, and L. Ramirez, Effects of Six Months of Clozapine Treatment on the Quality of Life of Chronic Schizophrenic Patients, Psychiatric Services, vol.41, issue.8, pp.41-892, 1990.
DOI : 10.1176/ps.41.8.892

H. Meltzer, Z. Li, and Y. Kaneda, Serotonin receptors : their key role in drugs to treat schizophrenia, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, vol.27, issue.7, pp.1159-72, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2003.09.010

R. Mofsen and J. Balter, Case reports of the reemergence of psychotic symptoms after conversion from brand-name clozapine to a generic formulation, Clinical Therapeutics, vol.23, issue.10, pp.1720-1731, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0149-2918(01)80139-9

T. Stroup and A. Miller, The Texas Medication Algorithm Project antipsychotic algorithm for schizophrenia: 2006 update, J Clin Psychiatry, vol.68, issue.11, pp.1751-62, 2007.

N. Mossaheb, J. Sacher, and G. Wiesegger, P.3.c.037 Haloperidol in combination with clozapine in treatment-refractory patients with schizophrenia, European Neuropsychopharmacology, vol.16, p.416, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/S0924-977X(06)70524-7

J. Munro, P. Matthiasson, and S. Osborne, Amisulpride augmentation of clozapine: an open non-randomized study in patients with schizophrenia partially responsive to clozapine, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, vol.173, issue.44
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.60.6.553

M. Muscatello, A. Bruno, and G. Pandolfo, Effect of aripiprazole augmentation of clozapine in schizophrenia: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study, Schizophrenia Research, vol.127, issue.1-3, pp.93-99, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.schres.2010.12.011

D. Campolo, S. Settineri, R. Zoccali, D. Naber, R. Holzbach et al., Topiramate augmentation of clozapine in schizophrenia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study Clinical management of clozapine patients in relation to efficacy and side-effects, J Psychopharmacol Br J Psychiatry, vol.17, issue.2, pp.54-63, 1992.

M. Newman, E. Gur, B. Shapira, and B. Lerer, Neurochemical Mechanisms of Action of ECS, The Journal of ECT, vol.14, issue.3, pp.153-171, 1998.
DOI : 10.1097/00124509-199809000-00002

J. Nielsen, S. Skadhede, and C. Correll, Antipsychotics Associated with the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Antipsychotic-Na??ve Schizophrenia Patients, Neuropsychopharmacology, vol.156, issue.9, pp.1997-2004, 2010.
DOI : 10.1002/pds.1781

J. Nielsen, P. Damkier, H. Lublin, and D. Taylor, Optimizing clozapine treatment, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, vol.163, issue.Suppl, pp.411-422, 2011.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2011.01710.x

J. Nielsen, C. Emborg, and S. Gydesen, Augmenting Clozapine With Sertindole, Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, vol.32, issue.2
DOI : 10.1097/JCP.0b013e318248dfb8

C. Paton, Generic clozapine: outcomes after switching formulations, The British Journal of Psychiatry, vol.189, issue.2, pp.184-185, 2006.
DOI : 10.1192/bjp.bp.105.017079

C. Paton, C. Whittington, and T. Barnes, Augmentation With a Second Antipsychotic in Patients With Schizophrenia Who Partially Respond to Clozapine, Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, vol.27, issue.2, pp.198-204, 2007.
DOI : 10.1097/JCP.0b013e318036bfbb

L. Peacock and J. Gerlach, Clozapine treatment in Denmark: concomitant psychotropic medication and hematologic monitoring in a system with liberal usage practices, J Clin Psychiatry, vol.55, pp.44-53, 1994.

M. Peet and D. Horrobin, A dose-ranging exploratory study of the effects of ethyl-eicosapentaenoate in patients with persistent schizophrenic symptoms, Journal of Psychiatric Research, vol.36, issue.1, pp.7-18, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-3956(01)00048-6

P. Perry, D. Miller, S. Arndt, and R. Cadoret, Clozapine and norclozapine plasma concentrations and clinical response of treatment-refractory schizophrenic patients, Am. J

L. Pilowsky, D. Costa, P. Ell, R. Murray, N. Verhoeff et al., Clozapine, single photon emission tomography, and the D2 dopamine receptor blockade hypothesis of schizophrenia, The Lancet, vol.340, issue.8813, pp.199-202, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0140-6736(92)90467-H

D. Sitanggan, K. Gerber, and B. , Plasma clozapine concentrations predict clinical response in treatment-resistant schizophrenia, J. Clin. Psychiatry, vol.55, pp.133-136, 1994.

W. Potter, G. Ko, L. Zhang, and W. Yan, Clozapine in China: a review and preview of US/PRC collaboration, Psychopharmacology, vol.10, issue.S1, pp.87-91, 1989.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00442568

S. Porcelli, B. Balzarro, and A. Serretti, Clozapine resistance: Augmentation strategies, European Neuropsychopharmacology, vol.22, issue.3, pp.165-82, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2011.08.005

S. Praharaj, P. Verma, D. Roy, and A. Singh, Is clonidine useful for treatment of clozapine-induced sialorrhea?, Journal of Psychopharmacology, vol.269, issue.4, pp.426-428, 2005.
DOI : 10.1177/0269881105053311

M. Raggi, R. Mandrioli, C. Sabbioni, and V. Pucci, Atypical Antipsychotics: Pharmacokinetics, Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Pharmacological Interactions, Current Medicinal Chemistry, vol.11, issue.3, pp.279-296, 2004.
DOI : 10.2174/0929867043456089

R. Rajarethinam, S. Gilani, M. Tancer, and J. Dequardo, Augmentation of clozapine partial responders with conventional antipsychotics, Schizophrenia Research, vol.60, issue.1, pp.97-98, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0920-9964(02)00293-1

E. Risby, C. Epstein, and R. Jewart, Clozapine-induced EEG abnormalities and clinical response to clozapine, J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci, vol.7, pp.466-470, 1995.

W. Davis, J. Leucht, and S. , Head-to-head comparisons of metabolic side effects of second generation antipsychotics in the treatment of schizophrenia: a systematic review and metaanalysis, Schizophrenia Research, vol.123, pp.225-233, 2010.

P. Schulte, What is an Adequate Trial with Clozapine?, Clinical Pharmacokinetics, vol.171, issue.4, pp.607-618, 2003.
DOI : 10.2165/00003088-200342070-00001

R. Shiloh, Z. Zemishlany, and D. Aizenberg, Sulpiride augmentation in people with schizophrenia partially responsive to clozapine. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study, The British Journal of Psychiatry, vol.171, issue.6, pp.569-573, 1997.
DOI : 10.1192/bjp.171.6.569

H. Silver, M. Kushnir, and A. Kaplan, Fluvoxamine augmentation in clozapine-resistant schizophrenia: an open pilot study, Biological Psychiatry, vol.40, issue.7, pp.671-674, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0006-3223(96)00170-9

J. Small, M. Klapper, F. Malloy, and T. Steadman, Tolerability and Efficacy of Clozapine Combined with Lithium in Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder, Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, vol.23, issue.3
DOI : 10.1097/01.jcp.0000084026.22282.5f

T. Sobow, R. Magierski, and I. Kloszewska, Risperidone as adjunctive therapy in clozapine treatment of refractory schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trial

I. Sommer, M. Begemann, A. Temmerman, and S. Leucht, Pharmacological Augmentation Strategies for Schizophrenia Patients With Insufficient Response to Clozapine: A Quantitative Literature Review, Schizophrenia Bulletin, vol.38, issue.5, 2011.
DOI : 10.1093/schbul/sbr004

E. Spina, A. Avenoso, and G. Facciola, Effect of fluoxetine on the plasma concentrations of clozapine and its major metabolites in patients with schizophrenia, International Clinical Psychopharmacology, vol.13, issue.3, pp.141-145, 1998.
DOI : 10.1097/00004850-199805000-00009

J. Stone and L. Pilowsky, Antipsychotic drug action: targets for drug discovery with neurochemical imaging, Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, vol.6, issue.1, pp.57-64, 2006.
DOI : 10.1586/14737175.6.1.57

S. Stoner, M. Dahmen, A. Berges, and W. Petry, Augmentation of Aripiprazole with Low-Dose Clozapine, Pharmacotherapy, vol.60, issue.3, pp.1599-1602, 2007.
DOI : 10.2174/0929867043456034

T. Suzuki, H. Uchida, and K. Watanabe, How effective is it to sequentially switch among Olanzapine, Quetiapine and Risperidone????A randomized, open-label study of algorithm-based antipsychotic treatment to patients with symptomatic schizophrenia in the real-world clinical setting, Psychopharmacology, vol.67, issue.7273, 2007.
DOI : 10.1007/s00213-007-0872-2

T. Suzuki, R. G. Mulsant, and B. , Treatment resistant schizophrenia and response to antipsychotics: A review, Schizophrenia Research, vol.133, issue.1-3, pp.54-62, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.schres.2011.09.016

D. Taylor, C. Young, and C. Paton, Prior Antipsychotic Prescribing in Patients Currently Receiving Clozapine, The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, vol.64, issue.1, pp.30-34, 2003.
DOI : 10.4088/JCP.v64n0107

D. Taylor and L. Smith, Augmentation of clozapine with a second antipsychotic - a meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled studies, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, vol.43, issue.suppl. 4, pp.419-425, 2009.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01367.x

D. Taylor, L. Smith, S. Gee, and J. Nielsen, Augmentation of clozapine with a second antipsychotic - a meta-analysis, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, vol.35, issue.Suppl 1, pp.15-24
DOI : 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2011.01792.x

H. Takahashi, K. Yoshida, and J. Ishigooka, Switching to Olanzapine After Unsuccessful Treatment With Risperidone During the First Episode of Schizophrenia, The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, vol.67, issue.10, pp.1067-72, 2006.
DOI : 10.4088/JCP.v67n1013

P. Toivonen, K. Wahlbeck, and A. Putkonen, Lamotrigine in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: a randomized placebo-controlled crossover trial, Biol. Psychiatry, vol.54, pp.1241-1248, 2003.

H. Putkonen, P. Takala, O. Mehtonen, M. Puck, J. Oksanen et al., Topiramate add-on in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial, J. Clin

B. Trappler, V. Kwong, and C. Leeman, Therapeutic effect of clozapine at an unusually high plasma level, Am J Psychiatry, vol.153, pp.133-134, 1996.

E. Weiner, R. Conley, and M. Ball, Adjunctive Risperidone for Partially Responsive People with Schizophrenia Treated with Clozapine, Neuropsychopharmacology, vol.212, issue.11, pp.2274-2283, 2010.
DOI : 10.1038/npp.2010.101

M. Wilkins-ho and Y. Hollander, Toxic Delirium with Low-Dose Clozapine, The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, vol.153, issue.4, pp.429-430, 1997.
DOI : 10.1177/070674379704200418

L. Williams, G. Newton, K. Roberts, S. Finlayson, and C. Brabbins, Clozapine-resistant schizophrenia: a positive approach, The British Journal of Psychiatry, vol.181, issue.3, pp.181-184, 2002.
DOI : 10.1192/bjp.181.3.184

A. Yagcioglu, K. Akdede, B. Turgut, and T. , A Double-Blind Controlled Study of Adjunctive Treatment With Risperidone in Schizophrenic Patients Partially Responsive to Clozapine, The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, vol.66, issue.01, pp.63-72, 2005.
DOI : 10.4088/JCP.v66n0109

R. Zoccali, M. Muscatello, A. Bruno, R. Cambria, U. Mico et al., The effect of lamotrigine augmentation of clozapine in a sample of treatment-resistant schizophrenic patients: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study, Schizophrenia Research, vol.93, issue.1-3, pp.93-109, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.schres.2007.02.009