S. Larsson and N. Orsini, Red Meat and Processed Meat Consumption and All-Cause Mortality: A Meta-Analysis, American Journal of Epidemiology, vol.179, issue.3, pp.282-291, 2014.
DOI : 10.1093/aje/kwt261

A. Sun, Q. Bernstein, A. Schulze, M. Manson, J. Stampfer et al., Red Meat Consumption and Mortality, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol.172, issue.7, pp.555-63, 2009.
DOI : 10.1001/archinternmed.2011.2287

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3712342

S. Rohrmann, K. Overvad, H. Bueno-de-mesquita, M. Jakobsen, R. Egeberg et al., Meat consumption and mortality - results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, BMC Medicine, vol.161, issue.1, p.63, 2013.
DOI : 10.1001/archinte.161.2.277

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00798548

. Aouba, Données sur la mortalité en France: principales causes de décès en, p.85, 2000.

. Fao, Livestock and Fish Primary Equivalent. FAO 2012 Available from http

D. Mozaffarian, R. Micha, and S. Wallace, Effects on Coronary Heart Disease of Increasing Polyunsaturated Fat in Place of Saturated Fat: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials, PLoS Medicine, vol.6, issue.3, 2010.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000252.s004

N. Bastide, F. Pierre, and D. Corpet, Heme Iron from Meat and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-analysis and a Review of the Mechanisms Involved, Cancer Prevention Research, vol.4, issue.2, pp.177-84, 2011.
DOI : 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-10-0113

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00543808

L. Qiao and Y. Feng, Intakes of heme iron and zinc and colorectal cancer incidence: a meta-analysis of prospective studies, Cancer Causes & Control, vol.99, issue.6, pp.1175-83, 2013.
DOI : 10.1007/s10552-013-0197-x

. Insee, Population -Évolution des décès, du taux de mortalité et du taux de mortalité infantile», Disponible sur

. Insee, Santé -7.2.1 Causes de décès» Disponible sur

. Inca, Les cancers en France en 2013 Disponible sur: http://www.google.fr/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=9&ved=0CHUQFjAI&url=http%3A%2F %2Fwww.e-cancer.fr%2Fcomponent%2Fdocman%2Fdoc_download%2F11505-les-cancers-en-france- edition, 2013.

P. Mendis, . Puska, and . Norrving, World Health Organization, World Heart Federation, et World Stroke Organization, Global atlas on cardiovascular disease prevention and control. Geneva: World Health Organization in collaboration with the World Heart Federation and the World Stroke Organization, 2011.

I. Abete, D. Romaguera, A. Vieira, M. Lopez-de, and T. Norat, Association between total, processed, red and white meat consumption and all-cause, CVD and IHD mortality: a meta-analysis of cohort studies, British Journal of Nutrition, vol.70, issue.05, pp.1-14, 2014.
DOI : 10.3945/ajcn.113.075663

H. Organization, Prevention of cardiovascular disease. World Health Organization, 2007.

G. Jm, G. Ta, G. R. , and S. Hd, Light-to-moderate alcohol consumption and mortality in the Physicians ' Health Study enrollment cohort, J Am Coll Cardiol, vol.35, pp.96-105, 2000.

F. Pierre, R. Santarelli, S. Taché, F. Guéraud, D. Corpet et al., Beef meat promotion of dimethylhydrazineinduced colorectal carcinogenesis biomarkers is suppressed by dietary calcium», Br. J. Nutr, vol.99, p.5, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00351473

). A. Hernán, S. Hernández-díaz, M. M. Werler, and A. A. Mitchel, Causal Knowledge as a Prerequisite for Confounding Evaluation: An Application to Birth Defects Epidemiology, 21) O.Decourt. «Modèles de survie sous SAS» Modèles de survie sous SAS, pp.176-184, 2002.
DOI : 10.1093/aje/155.2.176

A. Thiebaut and J. Benichou, Choice of time-scale in Cox's model analysis of epidemiologic cohort data: a simulation study, Statistics in Medicine, vol.6, issue.2, pp.3803-3823, 2004.
DOI : 10.1002/sim.2098

S. Garcia-acosta and F. Clavel-chapelon, Dealing with missing, abnormal and incoherent data in E3N cohort study]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique, pp.515-538, 1999.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00176590

A. Thiebaut, E. Kesse, C. Com-nougue, F. Clavel-chapelon, and J. Benichou, Ajustement sur l???apport ??nerg??tique dans l?????valuation des facteurs de risque alimentaires, Revue d'??pid??miologie et de Sant?? Publique, vol.52, issue.6, pp.539-57, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0398-7620(04)99093-1

H. Roche and . Sofres, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale. Enquête épidémiologique nationale sur le surpoids et l'obésité. Obépi, 2009.

M. Serafini, D. Villano, G. Spera, and N. Pellegrini, Redox Molecules and Cancer Prevention: The Importance of Understanding the Role of the Antioxidant Network, Nutrition and Cancer, vol.56, issue.2, pp.232-272, 2006.
DOI : 10.1207/s15327914nc5602_15

R. Kappeler, M. Eichholzer, and S. Rohrmann, Meat consumption and diet quality and mortality in NHANES III, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol.74, issue.6, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jada.2004.01.005

). J. Lee, D. F. Mclerran, B. Rolland, Y. Chen, and E. J. Grant, Meat intake and cause-specific mortality: a pooled analysis of Asian prospective cohort studies, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol.98, issue.4, pp.1032-1041, 2013.
DOI : 10.3945/ajcn.113.062638

R. Sinha, A. Cross, B. Graubard, M. Leitzmann, and A. Schatzkin, Meat Intake and Mortality, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol.169, issue.6, pp.562-71, 2009.
DOI : 10.1001/archinternmed.2009.6

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2803089

N. Krinsky and E. Johnson, Carotenoid actions and their relation to health and disease, Molecular Aspects of Medicine, vol.26, issue.6, pp.459-516, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.mam.2005.10.001

L. E. Kelemen, L. H. Kushi, D. R. Jacobs, . Jr, and J. Cerhan, Associations of Dietary Protein with Disease and Mortality in a Prospective Study of Postmenopausal Women, American Journal of Epidemiology, vol.161, issue.3, 2005.
DOI : 10.1093/aje/kwi038

L. Desley, *. White, A. Collinson, and R. Meat, Dietary Heme Iron, and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: The involvement of Advanced Lipoxidation Endproducts1, Adv. Nutr, vol.4, issue.2, pp.403-411, 2013.

N. Pellegrini, M. Serafini, and B. Colombi, Total antioxidant capacity of plant foods, beverages and oils consumed in Italy assessed by three different in vitro assays, J Nutr, vol.133, pp.2812-2821, 2003.

N. Pellegrini, M. Serafini, S. Salvatore, R. Del, M. Bianchi et al., Total antioxidant capacity of spices, dried fruits, nuts, pulses, cereals and sweets consumed in Italy assessed by three different in vitro assays, Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, vol.92, issue.11, pp.1030-1038, 2006.
DOI : 10.1002/mnfr.200600067

M. Nagao, H. Iso, K. Yamagishi, C. Date, and E. A. Tamakoshi, Meat consumption in relation to mortality from cardiovascular disease among Japanese men and women, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol.221, issue.6, pp.687-693, 2012.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.76.7.3511

A. Ferrandez, E. Piazuelo, and A. Castells, Aspirin and the prevention of colorectal cancer, Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology, vol.26, issue.2, pp.185-95, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bpg.2012.01.009

D. Whiteman, J. Muir, L. Jones, M. Murphy, and T. Key, Dietary questions as determinants of mortality: the OXCHECK experience Public health nutrition [Internet] Disponible sur: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S136898009900066X (46) FranceAgriMer, CONSOMMATION MONDIALE DE VIANDE : état des lieux, dynamique, défis et erspectives, pp.477-87, 1999.