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D2 ou D3) est transportée dans le sang par une protéine de transport ,
présent dans de nombreux tissus et appartenant à la surperfamille des récepteurs nucléaires Elle peut exercer des effets endocrines ou autocrines. Dans ce dernier cas, la 25(OH)D pénètre dans les tissus cibles en traversant la membrane plasmique avant d'être hydroxylée en 1,25(OH) 2 D dans le cytosol. Sous cette forme plus hydrophile, OH) 2 D ne ressort pas de la cellule et y agit localement en se liant au VDR. Le complexe VDR - 1,25(OH) 2 D est dirigé vers le noyau de la cellule où il s'associe au récepteur de l'acide rétinoique (RXR), p.25 ,
(OH) 2 D se lie alors à l'ADN en des sites appelés éléments de réponse à la vitamine D (VDRE), proche de gènes dont l'expression est, ainsi, soit activée, soit exprimée, ce qui module la synthèse de nombreuses protéines, p.25 ,