B. 1. Katz, J. Stucki, G. Lipson, S. Fossel, A. Grobler et al., Predictors of Surgical Outcome in Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis, Spine, vol.24, issue.21, pp.2229-2262, 1999.
DOI : 10.1097/00007632-199911010-00010

S. Shabat, Y. Leitner, M. Nyska, Y. Berner, B. Fredman et al., Surgical treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis in patients aged 65 years and older, Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, vol.35, issue.2, pp.143-52, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0167-4943(02)00016-X

M. Marty, Canal lombaire r??tr??ci du sujet ??g????: les ??l??ments de la d??cision th??rapeutique, Revue du Rhumatisme Monographies, vol.78, issue.1, pp.41-46, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.monrhu.2010.09.003

R. Louis and L. Wiltse, Chirurgie Du Rachis: Anatomie Chirurgicale Et Voies D'Abord

W. Larsen and . Embryologie-humaine, De Boeck Supérieur, 2003.

W. Platzer and P. Bourjat, Atlas de poche d'anatomie : Tome 1, Appareil locomoteur. 4e édition, 2007.

N. Bogduk and A. Guierre, Anatomie clinique et radiologique du rachis lombal. 2 e éd

C. Splithoff, LUMBOSACRAL JUNCTION, Journal of the American Medical Association, vol.152, issue.17, 1953.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.1953.03690170024008

N. Frank, Atlas d'anatomie humaine de Netter. Frank (2011) Relié. 5e édition

J. Huizinga, J. Heiden, P. Vinken, N. Bogduk, M. Pearcy et al., The human vertebral canal. A biometric Study Anatomy and biomechanics of psoas major):109? 19. 12. Louis R. Topographic relationships of the vertebral column, spinal cord, and nerve roots Preoperative diagnosis of conjoined roots anomaly with herniated lumbar disks, Proc. kon. ned. Akad. Wet. C Clin Biomech Bristol Avon. mai Anat Clin. Surg Neurol. oct, vol.55710, issue.134, pp.22-33229, 1952.

K. Bose and P. Balasubramaniam, Nerve Root Canals of the Lumbar Spine, Spine, vol.9, issue.1, pp.16-24, 1984.
DOI : 10.1097/00007632-198401000-00005

M. Hasue, S. Kikuchi, Y. Sakuyama, T. Ito, M. Schalimtzek et al., Anatomic study of the interrelation between lumbosacral nerve roots and their surrounding tissues):50? 8. 16. Neidre A, MacNab I. Anomalies of the lumbosacral nerve roots Roentgenological examination of the function of the lumbar spine, Spine. févr Spine. avr Acta Radiol. févr, vol.8837, issue.132, pp.141-150, 1952.

K. Bradley, The Anatomy of Backache, ANZ Journal of Surgery, vol.44, issue.3, pp.227-259, 1974.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1445-2197.1974.tb04409.x

H. Johnston, The Cutaneous Branches of the Posterior Primary Divisions of the

A. Wilson, W. Tynan, T. Tajima, H. Sugiyama, and A. Moriyama, The human lumbar dorsal rami Study on dermatomes by means of selective lumbar spinal nerve block, Spinal Nerves, and their Distribution in the Skin80? 92.5. 20. Bogduk N, pp.1782-1788, 1908.

A. Hovelacque, G. Lazorthes, J. Poulhes, and J. Espagno, Anatomie des nerfs craniens et rachidiens et du système grand sympathique chez l'homme. 1927. 23 Etude sur les nerfs sinu vertebraux lombaires Le nerf de Roofe, existe-t-il? Assoc Anat, pp.317-337, 1947.

P. Rabischong, R. Louis, J. Vignaud, and C. Massare, Le disque intervert??bral, Anatomia Clinica, vol.Suppl, issue.1
DOI : 10.1007/BF01654348

A. Freemont, T. Peacock, P. Goupille, J. Hoyland, J. O-'brien et al., Nerve ingrowth into diseased intervertebral disc in chronic back pain Crock HV, Yoshizawa H. The blood supply of the lumbar vertebral column Age changes in lumbar intervertebral discs, mars Lancet. 19 juill Clin Orthop. avr Acta Orthop Scand. déc, vol.135056, issue.190721156, pp.55-64, 1976.

G. Bushell, P. Ghosh, T. Taylor, W. Akeson, T. Bucknill et al., Proteoglycan chemistry of the intervertebral disks In vitro inhibition of leucocyte migration in patients with intervertebral disc lesions, Clin Orthop. déc Orthop Clin North Am. janv, vol.6, issue.30, pp.59-65, 1975.

P. Atkinson, Variation in trabecular structure of vertebrae with age, Calcified Tissue Research, vol.93, issue.1, pp.24-32, 1967.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02008071

R. Hilton, Systematic studies of spinal mobility ans schmorl's nodes. Lumbar Spine Backache, 1980.

J. Taylor, L. Twomey, and L. Twomey, Vertebral column development and its relation to adult pathology Age changes in lumbar zygapophyseal joints. Observations on structure and function, Aust J Physiother. Spine. sept, vol.3111, issue.37, pp.739-784, 1985.

J. Taylor, L. Twomey, W. Torgerson, W. Dotter, and A. Schwartz, Sagittal and horizontal plane movement of the human lumbar vertebral column in cadavers and in the living Comparative roentgenographic study of the asymptomatic and symptomatic lumbar spine Relation between the low back pain syndrome and x-ray findings. 1. Degenerative osteoarthritis, Rheumatol Rehabil. nov J Bone Joint Surg Am. sept Scand J Rehabil Med, vol.195810, issue.463, pp.223-255, 1976.

M. Runge, J. Bonneville, and . _f, Radioanatomie du rachis lombaire??: imagerie en coupe, EMC - Radiologie et imagerie m??dicale - Musculosquelettique - Neurologique - Maxillofaciale, vol.5, issue.2
DOI : 10.1016/S1879-8551(10)73413-8

D. Resnick, R. Shapiro, K. Wiesner, G. Niwayama, P. Utsinger et al., Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) [ankylosing hyperostosis of forestier and Rotes-Querol], Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism, vol.7, issue.3
DOI : 10.1016/0049-0172(78)90036-7

E. Chir-orthopédie-traumatol, P. Guigui, C. Dutertre, G. Dulou, R. Delmas et al., Sténoses du canal lombaire Lumbar spinal stenosis in an elderly patient, Canal lombaire étroit et rétréci : Cherchez le « signe du Caddie ». Concours Méd, pp.29-301189, 2006.

S. Shabat, Y. Folman, Y. Leitner, B. Fredman, and R. Gepstein, Failure of conservative treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis in elderly patients, Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, vol.44, issue.3, pp.235-276, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.archger.2006.05.003

D. Rosen, O. Toole, J. Eichholz, K. Hrubes, M. Huo et al., Minimally invasive lumbar spinal decompression in the elderly: outcomes of 50 patients aged 75 years and older503? 9; discussion 509? 10, Neurosurgery. mars, vol.60, issue.47, 2007.

T. Andersen, F. Christensen, B. Niedermann, P. Helmig, K. Høy et al., Impact of instrumentation in lumbar spinal fusion in elderly patients, Acta Orthopaedica, vol.19, issue.18, pp.2458-63, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/S0030-5898(05)70120-6

S. Hoppenfeld and D. Duizabo, Examen clinique des membres et du rachis

C. Gilardeau and G. Daubinet, Pathologie non inflammatoire et non infectieuse de la sacro-iliaque, Journal de Traumatologie du Sport, vol.27, issue.1, pp.31-44, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jts.2010.01.006

D. Chad, A. Lumbar-spinal-stenosis-faundez, G. Oumarou, P. Alves, and C. Schizas, Lumbar Spinal Stenosis, Myelography complications and current practice patterns, pp.407-425, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ncl.2007.01.003

R. Madsen, T. Jensen, M. Pope, J. Sørensen, and T. Bendix, 768? 71. 58. Smith RR. Myelographic complications associated with drug interactions The effect of body position and axial load on spinal canal morphology: an MRI study of central spinal stenosis, AJR Am J Roentgenol. sept AJR Am J Roentgenol. sept Spine, vol.185177, issue.33 1, pp.713-59, 2001.

H. An, T. Lim, T. Hasegawa, V. Haughton, and B. Nowicki, Axial loading during MR imaging can influence treatment decision for symptomatic spinal stenosis Anatomic changes of the spinal canal and intervertebral foramen associated with flexion-extension movement. Spine. 1 nov, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. févr, vol.2521, issue.221, pp.2412-2432, 1996.

S. Lee, A. Hargens, M. Fredericson, and P. Lang, Lumbar spine disc heights and curvature: upright posture vs. supine compression harness, Aviat Space Environ Med. mai, vol.74, issue.5, 2003.

M. Marty, E. Blondet, A. Durocher, and L. S. Diagnostic, Canal lombaire rétréci du sujet âgé : les éléments de la décision thérapeutique. Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Elder Determinants Treat Decis Engl. 1 janv, 2000.

W. Assendelft, S. Morton, E. Yu, M. Suttorp, P. Shekelle et al., Spinal manipulative therapy for low back pain. A meta-analysis of effectiveness relative to other therapies A nonsurgical treatment approach for patients with lumbar spinal stenosis, 871? 81, pp.962-73, 1997.

P. Slätis, M. Heliövaara, P. Sainio, H. Kinnunen, and J. Kankare, Surgical versus nonsurgical therapy for lumbar spinal stenosis, N Engl J Med. 21 févr, vol.358, issue.8, 2008.

R. Epstein, B. Alper, and T. Quill, 1? 8. 70 Communicating evidence for participatory decision making, Spine. 1 janv JAMA, vol.32291, issue.1, pp.2359-66, 2004.

J. Fuentes and . Histoire-de-la-chirurgie-du-rachis, Etudes de chirurgie médullaire : historique, chirurgie opératoire, traitement [Internet]. [cité 27 avr 2015]. Disponible sur: https://archive.org/details/b21729426 73, 501? 7. 72. Chipault A, 2007.

J. Destandau and P. Guigui, Elargissement vidéo-assisté du canal rachidien : indications et principes de la technique, 2003.

F. Postacchini, G. Cinotti, D. Perugia, S. Gumina, M. Gardner et al., The surgical treatment of central lumbar stenosis Multiple laminotomy compared with total laminectomy):386? 92. 76. Black P. Cerebrospinal fluid leaks following spinal surgery: use of fat grafts for prevention and repair. Technical note Evaluation and treatment of dural tears in lumbar spine surgery: a review, J Bone Joint Surg Br. mai J Neurosurg. mars Clin Orthop. août, vol.7596, issue.32389, pp.238-285, 1993.

P. Guigui, L. Cardinne, L. Rillardon, T. Morais, A. Vuillemin et al., [Per-and postoperative complications of surgical treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis Prospective study of 306 patients] Rev Chir Orthopédique Réparatrice Appar Mot Comparison of surgical procedures for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: a meta-analysis of the literature from, nov Spine Res Soc, vol.886, issue.76, pp.669-77, 1975.

J. Turner, M. Ersek, L. Herron, R. Deyo, D. Cherkin et al., Surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis Attempted meta-analysis of the literature Morbidity and mortality in association with operations on the lumbar spine. The influence of age, diagnosis, and procedure Risk factors for spinal surgical-site infections in a community hospital: a case-control study, 1? 8. 81. Deyo RA, pp.31-37, 1992.

T. Amundsen, H. Weber, H. Nordal, B. Magnaes, M. Abdelnoor et al., Lumbar Spinal Stenosis, Spine, vol.20, issue.10
DOI : 10.1097/00007632-199505150-00013

M. Marc and P. Guigui, Canal lombaire étroit : traitement conservateur ou traitement chirurgical ? : [Internet]. 19e congrès de rhumatologie

G. Stucki, L. Daltroy, M. Liang, S. Lipson, A. Fossel et al., Measurement Properties of a Self-Administered Outcome Measure in Lumbar Spinal Stenosis, Spine, vol.21, issue.7, pp.796-803, 1996.
DOI : 10.1097/00007632-199604010-00004

J. Tenhula, L. Lenke, K. Bridwell, P. Gupta, and D. Riew, Prospective functional evaluation of the surgical treatment of neurogenic claudication in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis Schillberg B, Nyström B. Quality of life before and after microsurgical decompression in lumbar spinal stenosis, J Spinal Disord. août J Spinal Disord. juin, vol.1313, issue.873, pp.276-82237, 2000.

P. Guigui, M. Benoist, C. Delecourt, J. Delhoume, A. Deburge et al., Motor Deficit in Lumbar Spinal Stenosis, Journal of Spinal Disorders, vol.11, issue.4, pp.329-363, 1998.
DOI : 10.1097/00002517-199808000-00002

T. Iguchi, A. Kurihara, J. Nakayama, K. Sato, M. Kurosaka et al., Minimum 10-Year Outcome of Decompressive Laminectomy for Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis, Spine, vol.25, issue.14, pp.1754-1763, 2000.
DOI : 10.1097/00007632-200007150-00003

K. Jansson, G. Németh, F. Granath, and P. Blomqvist, Spinal stenosis re-operation rate in

O. Airaksinen and T. Saari, Sweden is 11% at 10 years--a national analysis of 9,664 operations. Eur Spine J Off Publ Eur Spine Soc Eur Spinal Deform Soc Eur Sect Cerv Spine Res Soc The long-term prognosis after operation for lumbar spinal stenosis, sept Scand J Rehabil Med. déc, vol.1425, issue.74, pp.167-71, 1993.

B. Lassale, A. Deburge, M. Benoist, J. Katz, S. Lipson et al., [Long-term results of the surgical treatment of lumbar stenosis] Rev Rhum Mal Ostéo-Articul Seven-to 10-year outcome of decompressive surgery for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis, janv, vol.5221, issue.11, pp.27-33, 1985.

S. Boden, D. Davis, T. Dina, N. Patronas, and S. Wiesel, 2013 sept [cité 25 mars 2015] p. 240 Report No.: 185. Disponible sur: http://www.drees.sante.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/seriestat185-synthese.pdf 97 Abnormal magneticresonance scans of the lumbar spine in asymptomatic subjects. A prospective investigation):403? 8. 98. Lienhar A. La réduction du risque anethésique: passé, présent et future, Direction de la recherche, des études, de l'évaluation et des statistiques Disponible sur, pp.309-334, 1990.

F. Aubrun, L. Guen, and M. , Anesthésie du grand vieillard, 2009.

F. Clergue, Y. Auroy, F. Péquignot, E. Jougla, A. Lienhart et al., French Survey of Anesthesia in 1996, Anesthesiology, vol.91, issue.5, pp.1509-1529, 1999.
DOI : 10.1097/00000542-199911000-00045

J. Gibson and G. Waddell, Surgery for degenerative lumbar spondylosis In: The Cochrane Collaboration, éditeur, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

M. Wilby, H. Seeley, and R. Laing, Laminectomy for lumbar canal stenosis: a safe and effective treatment, British Journal of Neurosurgery, vol.30, issue.8, pp.391-396, 2006.
DOI : 10.1080/02688690601048195

S. Shabat, Z. Arinzon, Y. Folman, J. Leitner, R. David et al., Long-term outcome of decompressive surgery for Lumbar spinal stenosis in octogenarians, European Spine Journal, vol.332, issue.7, pp.193-201, 2007.
DOI : 10.1007/s00586-007-0514-8

A. Ragab, M. Fye, and H. Bohlman, Surgery of the Lumbar Spine for Spinal Stenosis in 118 Patients 70 Years of Age or Older, Spine, vol.28, issue.4, pp.348-53, 2003.
DOI : 10.1097/01.BRS.0000048494.66599.DF

A. Kalbarczyk, A. Lukes, and R. Seiler, Surgical Treatment of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis in the Elderly, Acta Neurochirurgica, vol.140, issue.7, pp.637-678, 1998.
DOI : 10.1007/s007010050155

B. Jönsson and B. Strömqvist, Lumbar Spine Surgery in the Elderly, Spine, vol.19, issue.13, pp.1431-1436, 1994.
DOI : 10.1097/00007632-199407000-00001

K. Jansson, P. Blomqvist, F. Granath, and G. Németh, Spinal stenosis surgery in Sweden 1987-1999. Eur Spine J Off Publ Eur Spine Soc Eur Spinal Deform Soc Eur Sect Cerv, Spine Res Soc. oct, vol.12, issue.5, pp.535-576, 2003.

R. Deyo, S. Mirza, B. Martin, W. Kreuter, D. Goodman et al., Trends, major medical complications, and charges associated with surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis in older adults, pp.1259-65, 2010.

Z. Arinzon, A. Adunsky, Z. Fidelman, and R. Gepstein, Outcomes of decompression surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis in elderly diabetic patients. Eur Spine J Off Publ Eur Spine Soc Eur Spinal Deform Soc Eur Sect Cerv Spine Res Soc, févr, vol.13, issue.1, pp.32-39, 2004.

F. Zheng, H. Sandhu, F. Cammisa, F. Girardi, and S. Khan, Predictors of Functional Outcome in Elderly Patients Undergoing Posterior Lumbar Spine Surgery, Journal of Spinal Disorders, vol.14, issue.6, pp.518-539, 2001.
DOI : 10.1097/00002517-200112000-00011

T. Bouras, G. Stranjalis, M. Loufardaki, I. Sourtzis, L. Stavrinou et al., Predictors of long-term outcome in an elderly group after laminectomy for lumbar stenosis, Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine, vol.13, issue.3, pp.329-363, 2010.
DOI : 10.3171/2010.3.SPINE09487

A. Jakola, A. Sørlie, S. Gulati, O. Nygaard, S. Lydersen et al., Clinical outcomes and safety assessment in elderly patients undergoing decompressive laminectomy for lumbar spinal stenosis: a prospective study, BMC Surgery, vol.128, issue.Suppl 2, p.34, 2010.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01400653

S. Shabat, Z. Arinzon, R. Gepstein, and Y. Folman, Long-term Follow-up of Revision Decompressive Lumbar Spinal Surgery in Elderly Patients, Journal of Spinal Disorders & Techniques, vol.24, issue.3, pp.142-147, 2011.
DOI : 10.1097/BSD.0b013e3181de4b61

R. Garcia, J. Belding, and H. Bohlman, Lumbar Decompression and Fusion in a Centenarian, Orthopedics, vol.35, issue.7, pp.1141-1145, 2012.
DOI : 10.3928/01477447-20120621-42

E. Cassinelli, J. Eubanks, M. Vogt, C. Furey, J. Yoo et al., Risk Factors for the Development of Perioperative Complications in Elderly Patients Undergoing Lumbar Decompression and Arthrodesis for Spinal Stenosis, Spine, vol.32, issue.2, pp.230-235, 2007.
DOI : 10.1097/01.brs.0000251918.19508.b3

C. Raffo and W. Lauerman, Predicting Morbidity and Mortality of Lumbar Spine Arthrodesis in Patients in Their Ninth Decade, Spine, vol.31, issue.1, pp.99-103, 2006.
DOI : 10.1097/01.brs.0000192678.25586.e5

L. Carreon, R. Puno, J. Dimar, S. Glassman, and J. Johnson, PERIOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS OF POSTERIOR LUMBAR DECOMPRESSION AND ARTHRODESIS IN OLDER ADULTS, The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-American Volume, vol.85, issue.11, pp.2089-92, 2003.
DOI : 10.2106/00004623-200311000-00004

S. Glassman, L. Carreon, J. Dimar, M. Campbell, R. Puno et al., Clinical outcomes in older patients after posterolateral lumbar fusion, The Spine Journal, vol.7, issue.5, pp.547-51, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.spinee.2006.11.003

J. Fairbank and P. Pynsent, The Oswestry Disability Index, Spine, vol.25, issue.22, pp.2940-52, 2000.
DOI : 10.1097/00007632-200011150-00017

J. Ware and C. Sherbourne, The MOS 36-ltem Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), Medical Care, vol.30, issue.6, pp.473-83, 1992.
DOI : 10.1097/00005650-199206000-00002

S. Katz, A. Ford, R. Moskowitz, B. Jackson, and M. Jaffe, Studies of Illness in the Aged, JAMA, vol.185, issue.12
DOI : 10.1001/jama.1963.03060120024016