J. Lawn, S. Cousens, and J. Zupan, 4 million neonatal deaths: When? Where? Why?, The Lancet, vol.365, issue.9462, pp.891-900, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)71048-5

C. Robertson and M. Perlman, Follow-up of the term infant after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, Paediatr Child Health, vol.11, issue.5, pp.278-82, 2006.

H. Sarnat and M. Sarnat, Neonatal Encephalopathy Following Fetal Distress, Archives of Neurology, vol.33, issue.10, pp.696-705, 1976.
DOI : 10.1001/archneur.1976.00500100030012

E. Thornberg, K. Thiringer, and . Odeback, Birth asphyxia: incidence, clinical course and outcome in a Swedish population, Acta Paediatrica, vol.82, issue.8, pp.927-959, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-3476(88)80169-0

J. Gonzales-de-dios and A. Moya, Perinatal asphyxia, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and neurological sequelae in full-term newborns : an epidemiological study, Rev Neurol, vol.24, pp.812-821, 1996.

J. Wayenberg, D. Vermeylen, and E. Damis, D??finition de l'asphyxie ?? la naissance et incidence des complications neurologiques et syst??miques chez le nouveau-n?? ?? terme, Archives de P??diatrie, vol.5, issue.10, pp.1065-71, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0929-693X(99)80002-5

K. Kuban and A. Leviton, Cerebral Palsy, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.330, issue.3, pp.188-95, 1994.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJM199401203300308

B. Siesjo, K. Katsura, and T. Kristian, The Biochemical Basis of Cerebral Ischemic Damage, Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology, vol.7, issue.1, pp.47-52, 1995.
DOI : 10.1097/00008506-199501000-00009

B. Siesjo, Cell damage in the brain: a speculative synthesis, Acta Psychiatr Scand, vol.313, pp.57-91, 1984.

R. Blumberg, E. Cady, and J. Wigglesworth, Relation between delayed impairment of cerebral energy metabolism and infarction following transient focal hypoxia-ischaemia in the developing brain, Experimental Brain Research, vol.262, issue.4, pp.130-137, 1997.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02454148

S. Roth, J. Baudin, and E. Cady, Relation of deranged neonatal cerebral oxidative metabolism with neurodevelopmental outcome and head circumference at 4 years, Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, vol.16, issue.11, pp.718-743, 1997.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1997.tb07372.x

P. Amess, J. Penrice, and M. Wylezinska, Early brain proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and neonatal neurology related to neurodevelopmental outcome at 1 year in term infants after presumed hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury, Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, vol.101, issue.7, pp.436-481, 1999.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1999.tb00635.x

S. Roth, A. Edwards, and E. Cady, RELATION BETWEEN CEREBRAL OXIDATIVE METABOLISM FOLLOWING BIRTH ASPHYXIA, AND NEURODEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOME AND BRAIN GROWTH AT ONE YEAR, Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, vol.16, issue.4
DOI : 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1992.tb11432.x

K. Nakashima and M. Todd, Effects of Hypothermia on the Rate of Excitatory Amino Acid Release After Ischemic Depolarization, Stroke, vol.27, issue.5, pp.913-921, 1996.
DOI : 10.1161/01.STR.27.5.913

M. Globus, O. Alonso, and W. Dietrich, Glutamate Release and Free Radical Production Following Brain Injury: Effects of Posttraumatic Hypothermia, Journal of Neurochemistry, vol.65, issue.4, pp.1704-1715, 1995.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.65041704.x

P. Amess, J. Penrice, and E. Cady, Mild Hypothermia after Severe Transient Hypoxia-Ischemia Reduces the Delayed Rise in Cerebral Lactate in the Newborn Piglet, Pediatric Research, vol.347, issue.6, pp.803-811, 1997.
DOI : 10.1203/00006450-199706000-00002

A. Edwards, X. Yue, and M. Squier, Specific Inhibition of Apoptosis after Cerebral Hypoxia-Ischemia by Moderate Post-Insult Hypothermia, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.217, issue.3, pp.1193-1202, 1995.
DOI : 10.1006/bbrc.1995.2895

L. Xu, M. Yenari, and G. Steinberg, Mild Hypothermia Reduces Apoptosis of Mouse Neurons In Vitro Early in the Cascade, Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, vol.45, issue.1, pp.21-29, 2002.
DOI : 10.1097/00004647-200201000-00003

C. Zhu, X. Wang, and X. Cheng, Post-ischemic hypothermia-induced tissue protection and diminished apoptosis after neonatal cerebral hypoxia???ischemia, Brain Research, vol.996, issue.1, pp.67-75, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.brainres.2003.10.013

F. Colbourne, D. Corbett, and Z. Zhao, Prolonged but Delayed Postischemic Hypothermia: A Long-term Outcome Study in the Rat Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model, Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, vol.718, issue.12, pp.1702-1710, 2000.
DOI : 10.1097/00004647-200012000-00009

E. Bona, H. Hagberg, and E. Loberg, Protective Effects of Moderate Hypothermia after Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia: Short- and Long-Term Outcome, Pediatric Research, vol.52, issue.6, pp.738-783, 1998.
DOI : 10.1203/00006450-199806000-00005

K. Cheung, R. Green, and K. Magee, Conclusions:, CJEM, vol.24, issue.05, pp.329-337, 2006.
DOI : 10.1038/jcbfm.1989.21

K. Biagas and M. Gaeta, Treatment of traumatic brain injury with hypothermia, Current Opinion in Pediatrics, vol.10, issue.3, pp.271-277, 1998.
DOI : 10.1097/00008480-199806000-00009

P. Glückmann and C. Williams, When and Why Do Brain Cells Die?, Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, vol.11, issue.Suppl. 3, pp.1010-1014, 1992.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1992.tb11407.x

R. Vannucci and J. Perlmann, Interventions for Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy, PEDIATRICS, vol.100, issue.6, pp.1004-1018, 1997.
DOI : 10.1542/peds.100.6.1004

P. Gluckman, J. Wyatt, and D. Azzopardi, Selective head cooling with mild systemic hypothermia after neonatal encephalopathy: multicentre randomised trial, The Lancet, vol.365, issue.9460, pp.663-670, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)17946-X

S. Shankaran, A. Laptook, and R. Ehrenkranz, Whole-Body Hypothermia for Neonates with Hypoxic???Ischemic Encephalopathy, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.353, issue.15, pp.1574-1584, 2005.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMcps050929

P. Gluckman, C. Williams, W. Tan, and E. Mallard, Mechanisms by which asphyxia insults destroy neurons Acute perinatal asphyxia in term infants. NIH publication, pp.9-17, 1996.

J. Grether and K. Nelson, Maternal Infection and Cerebral Palsy in Infants of Normal Birth Weight, JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, vol.278, issue.3, pp.207-218, 1997.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.1997.03550030047032

K. Nelson, J. Dambrosia, and G. Jk, Neonatal cytokines and coagulation factors in children with cerebral palsy, Annals of Neurology, vol.697, issue.4, pp.665-75, 1998.
DOI : 10.1002/ana.410440413

K. Nelson and J. Ellenberg, Antecedents of cerebral palsy, New Engl J Med, vol.135, pp.81-87, 1986.

N. Badzawi, J. Kurinczuk, and J. Keogh, Antepartum risk factors for newborn encephalopathy: the Western Australian case-control study, BMJ, vol.317, issue.7172, pp.1549-58, 1998.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.317.7172.1549

V. Dzhala, L. Desfreres, and Z. Meylan, Epileptogenic action of caffeine during anoxia in the neonatal rat hippocampus, Annals of Neurology, vol.17, issue.10, pp.95-102, 1999.
DOI : 10.1002/1531-8249(199907)46:1<95::AID-ANA14>3.0.CO;2-1

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00486274

K. Nelson and J. Grether, Potentially asphyxiating conditions and spastic cerebral palsy in infants of normal birth weight, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol.179, issue.2, pp.507-520, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0002-9378(98)70387-4

J. Parer, Fetal brain metabolism under stress Acuteperinatal asphyxia in term infants. NIH publication, pp.17-26, 1996.

O. Pryds, G. Greisen, H. Lou, and B. Friis-hansen, Vasoparalysis associated with brain damage in asphyxiated term infants, The Journal of Pediatrics, vol.117, issue.1, pp.119-144, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-3476(05)72459-8

V. Fellman and K. Raivio, Reperfusion Injury as the Mechanism of Brain Damage after Perinatal Asphyxia, Pediatric Research, vol.49, issue.5, pp.599-606, 1997.
DOI : 10.1203/00006450-199705000-00001

A. Edwards, Neonatal seizures, Arch Dis Child, vol.78, pp.70-75, 1998.

R. Hall, F. Hall, and D. Daily, High-dose phenobarbital therapy in term newborn infants with severe perinatal asphyxia: A randomized, prospective study with three-year follow-up, The Journal of Pediatrics, vol.132, issue.2, pp.345-353, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-3476(98)70458-5

S. Française-de-pédiatrie, Hypothermie contrôlée du nouveau-né à terme après asphyxie périnatale : Recommandations de la SFN, 2010.

M. Thoresen, Supportive Care During Neuroprotective Hypothermia in the Term Newborn: Adverse Effects and Their Prevention, Clinics in Perinatology, vol.35, issue.4, pp.749-63, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clp.2008.07.018

D. Azzopardi, B. Strohm, and A. Edwards, Moderate Hypothermia to Treat Perinatal Asphyxial Encephalopathy, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.361, issue.14, pp.1349-1358, 2009.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMoa0900854

P. Wintermark, A. Hansen, and J. Soul, Early versus late MRI in asphyxiated newborns treated with hypothermia, Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition, vol.96, issue.1, pp.36-44, 2011.
DOI : 10.1136/adc.2010.184291

C. Amiel-tison and P. Ellison, BIRTH ASPHYXIA IN THE FULLTERM NEWBORN: EARLY ASSESSMENT AND OUTCOME, Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, vol.74, issue.Suppl. 3, pp.671-82, 1986.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1986.tb03914.x

C. Robertson, N. Finer, and M. Grace, School performance of survivors of neonatal encephalopathy associated with birth asphyxia at term, The Journal of Pediatrics, vol.114, issue.5, pp.753-60, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-3476(89)80132-5

G. Dixon, N. Badawi, and J. Kurinczuk, Early Developmental Outcomes After Newborn Encephalopathy, PEDIATRICS, vol.109, issue.1, pp.26-33, 2002.
DOI : 10.1542/peds.109.1.26

C. Thompson, A. Puterman, and L. Linley, The value of a scoring system for hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy in predicting neurodevelopmental outcome, Acta Paediatrica, vol.28, issue.7, pp.757-61, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(86)90718-X

P. Amess, J. Penrice, and M. Wylezinska, Early brain proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and neonatal neurology related to neurodevelopmental outcome at 1 year in term infants after presumed hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury, Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, vol.101, issue.7, pp.436-481, 1999.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1999.tb00635.x

H. Prechtl, F. Ferrari, and C. Giovanni, Predictive value of general movements in asphyxiated fullterm infants, Early Human Development, vol.35, issue.2, pp.91-120, 1993.
DOI : 10.1016/0378-3782(93)90096-D

E. Biagioni, L. Bartalena, and A. Boldrini, Constantly discontinuous EEG patterns in full-term neonates with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy, Clinical Neurophysiology, vol.110, issue.9, pp.1510-1515, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S1388-2457(99)00091-7

D. Allest, A. Nedelcoux, H. André, and M. , Intérêt de l'EEG dans l'asphyxie périnatale du nouveau-né à terme In : Asphyxie périnatale chez le nouveau-né à terme, 9 e Séminaire Guigoz-G, E.N.E.U.P.-RP Editions Guigoz, 1994.

R. Pressler, G. Boylan, and M. Morton, Early serial EEG in hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy, Clinical Neurophysiology, vol.112, issue.1, pp.31-38, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S1388-2457(00)00517-4

D. Vries, L. Pierrat, V. Eken, and P. , Prognostic value of early somatosensory evoked potentials for adverse outcome in full-term infants with birth asphyxia, Brain and Development, vol.13, issue.5, pp.320-325, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/S0387-7604(12)80126-4

M. Taylor, W. Murphy, and H. Whyte, PROGNOSTIC RELIABILITY OF SOMATOSENSORY AND VISUAL EVOKED POTENTIALS OF ASPHYXIATED TERM INFANTS, Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, vol.2, issue.Suppl. 1, pp.507-522, 1992.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1992.tb11471.x

N. Gibson, M. Graham, and M. Levene, Somatosensory evoked potentials and outcome in perinatal asphyxia., Archives of Disease in Childhood, vol.67, issue.4 Spec No, pp.393-401, 1992.
DOI : 10.1136/adc.67.4_Spec_No.393

C. Kuenzle, O. Baentzinger, E. Martin, L. Thun-hohenstein, M. Steinlin et al., Prognostic Value of Early MR Imaging in Term Infants with Severe Perinatal Asphyxia, Neuropediatrics, vol.25, issue.04, pp.191-200, 1994.
DOI : 10.1055/s-2008-1073021

P. Huppi and P. Barnes, Magnetic resonance techniques in the evaluation of the newborn brain, Clin Perinatol, vol.24, pp.693-723, 1997.

A. Barkovich, B. Hajnal, and D. Vigneron, Prediction of neuromotor outcome in perinatal asphyxia: evaluation of MRI scoring systems, Am J Neuroradiol, vol.19, pp.143-152, 1998.

M. Rutherford, J. Pennock, and S. Counsell, Abnormal Magnetic Resonance Signal in the Internal Capsule Predicts Poor Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Infants With Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy, PEDIATRICS, vol.102, issue.2, pp.323-331, 1998.
DOI : 10.1542/peds.102.2.323

D. Eicher, C. Wagner, and L. Katikaneni, Moderate hypothermia in neonatal encephalopathy: Efficacy outcomes, Pediatric Neurology, vol.32, issue.1, pp.11-18, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2004.06.014

A. Amiel-tison and A. Stewart, L'enfant nouveau-né -Un cerveau pour la vie, Ed. INSERM, 1995.

A. Grenier, La motricité libérée du nouveau-né, Médecine et enfance, 2000.

L. Métayer and M. , Examen neuro-moteur de l'enfant. Encyclopédie Médico-chirurgicale

. Amiel-tison, L'infirmité motrice d'origine cérébrale, 1997.

W. Larsen, Embryologie humaine -1996

L. Métayer and M. , Rééducation cérébro-motrice du jeune enfant

A. Edwards, P. Brocklehurst, and A. Gunn, Neurological outcomes at 18 months of age after moderate hypothermia for perinatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy: synthesis and meta-analysis of trial data, BMJ, vol.340, issue.feb09 3, p.363, 2010.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.c363

E. Saliba and T. Debillon, Neuroprotection par hypothermie contr??l??e dans l???enc??phalopathie hypoxique-isch??mique du nouveau-n?? ?? terme, Archives de P??diatrie, vol.17, pp.67-77, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/S0929-693X(10)70904-0

M. Chevallier, T. Debillon, and A. Ego, Encéphalopathie anoxoischémique du nouveau-né à terme : facteurs associés à une hypothermie optimale, 42e Congrès de la Société française de médecine périnatale

N. Marlow, A. Rose, C. Rands, and E. Draper, Neuropsychological and educational problems at school age associated with neonatal encephalopathy, Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition, vol.90, issue.5, pp.380-387, 2005.
DOI : 10.1136/adc.2004.067520

E. Biagioni, E. Mercuri, and R. M. Cowan, Combined Use of Electroencephalogram and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Full-Term Neonates With Acute Encephalopathy, PEDIATRICS, vol.107, issue.3, pp.461-469, 2001.
DOI : 10.1542/peds.107.3.461

L. Pinto and P. Giliberti, Neonatal seizures: background EEG activity and the electroclinical correlation in full-term neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Analysis by computer-synchronized long-term polygraphic video-EEG monitoring, Epileptic Disord, vol.3, pp.125-157, 2001.

L. Hellström-westas, I. Rosén, and N. Svenningsen, Predictive value of early continuous amplitude integrated EEG recordings on outcome after severe birth asphyxia in full term infants., Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition, vol.72, issue.1, pp.34-42, 1995.
DOI : 10.1136/fn.72.1.F34

D. Azzopardi, B. Strohm, A. Edwards, L. Dyet, H. Halliday et al., Moderate Hypothermia to Treat Perinatal Asphyxial Encephalopathy, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.361, issue.14, pp.1349-1358, 2009.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMoa0900854

C. Thompson, A. Puterman, L. Linley, F. Hann, C. Van-der-elst et al., The value of a scoring system for hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy in predicting neurodevelopmental outcome, Acta Paediatrica, vol.28, issue.7
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(86)90718-X

. Auteur, Justine Blanchet École de Sage-femme de Caen Diplôme d'État de Sage-femme Promotion, pp.2012-2016