C. Agbokou and P. Fossati, Traitements m??dicamenteux de la d??pression, La Presse M??dicale, vol.37, issue.5, pp.867-875, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.lpm.2008.01.012

J. Albarède, LCorpus de Gériatrie, tome 1, 2M2, 185 pages Amara and al, Intérêt des anticholinestérasiques dans les dépressions du sujet âgé ., L'Encéphale, 2000.

G. S. Alexopoulos, K. Manning, D. Kanellopoulos, A. Mcgovern, J. K. Seirup et al., Conclusions., Psychological Medicine, vol.9, issue.14, pp.45-3111, 1017.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6

G. S. Alexopoulos, D. Kiosses, S. Klimstra, B. Kalayam, and M. Bruce, Clinical presentation of the depression-executive dysfunction syndrome of late life, Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, vol.10, pp.98-102, 1988.

A. Ardila, Normal aging increases cognitive heterogeneity: Analysis of dispersion in WAIS-III scores across age, Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, vol.22, issue.8, pp.1003-1011, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.acn.2007.08.004

J. N. Avari and G. S. Alexopoulos, Models of Care for Late-Life Depression of the Medically Ill: Examples from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Stroke, The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, vol.23, issue.5, pp.477-487, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jagp.2014.06.004

A. Baddeley, La mémoire humaine : théorie et pratique, Presses universitaires de Grenoble, 1993.

. Baldwin, Guideline for the management of late life depression in primary care, Bartels and al. Mental health service use by elderly patients with bipolar disorder and unipolar major depression, Int J Geriatric PsychiatryAm J Geriatric Psychiatry, vol.8, pp.160-166, 2000.

S. Baron-cohen, S. Wheelwright, J. Hill, Y. Raste, and I. Plumb, The " 'Reading the Mind in the Eyes, Test Revised Version, 2001.

. Basso-bornstein, Relative memory deficits in recurrent versus first-episode major depression on a word-list learning task., Neuropsychology, vol.13, issue.4, pp.557-63, 1999.
DOI : 10.1037/0894-4105.13.4.557

G. Bartzokis, White Matter Structural Integrity in Healthy Aging Adults and Patients With Alzheimer Disease, Archives of Neurology, vol.60, issue.3, pp.393-398, 2003.
DOI : 10.1001/archneur.60.3.393

. Baudic, Place et int??r??t de l'examen neuropsychologique dans la d??pression du sujet ??g??, La Revue de M??decine Interne, vol.26, issue.8, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.revmed.2005.04.030

S. Elsevier and N. Bazin, Les troubles de l'humeur tardifs, pp.23-25, 2011.

M. Benoit and P. Robert, Aspects cliniques et neurophysiologiques de la d??pression et de l???apathie, L'Enc??phale, vol.33, issue.5, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/S0013-7006(07)92907-3

M. Benoit, R??currence d??pressive chez la personne ??g??e : quel pronostic cognitif ?, L'Enc??phale, vol.36, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/S0013-7006(10)70045-2

M. Berlim and G. Turecki, « What is the meaning of treatment resistant/refractory major depression (TRD) ? » A systematic reviewof current randomized trials, European Neuropsychopharmacology : The Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, pp.17-696, 2007.

. Bjaila, Persistance of neuropsychologic deficits in the remitted state of late life depression, Am J Geriatric Psychiatry, 2006.

S. Bonin-guillaume, Traitement pharmacologique de la dépression, pp.14-16, 2008.

K. Boone, I. Lesser, B. Miller, M. Wohl, N. Berman et al., Cognitive functioning in older depressed outpatients: Relationship of presence and severity of depression to neuropsychological test scores., Neuropsychology, vol.9, issue.3, pp.390-398, 1995.
DOI : 10.1037/0894-4105.9.3.390

. Bowley, Low glial numbers in the amygdala in major depressive disorder, Biological Psychiatry, vol.52, issue.5, pp.404-416, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0006-3223(02)01404-X

R. Brickenkamp, D2: test d'attention concentrée, Paris: ECPA, 1998.

H. M. Brown, R. Meiser-stedman, H. Woods, and K. J. Lester, Cognitive Vulnerabilities for Depression and Anxiety in Childhood: Specificity of Anxiety Sensitivity and Rumination, Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, vol.5, issue.01, pp.30-4210, 1017.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1005580518671

E. Caine, Pseudodementia, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol.38, issue.12, pp.1359-64, 1981.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.1981.01780370061008

S. W. Chan, C. J. Harmer, R. Norbury, U. O-'sullivan, G. M. Goodwin et al., Hippocampal volume in vulnerability and resilience to depression, Journal of Affective Disorders, vol.189, pp.199-202, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jad.2015.09.021

C. Hong, . Ng, and I. Schweitzer, An overview of the Management of Treatment Resistant Depression in Late Life, Psychogeriatrics, vol.2, pp.156-164, 2002.

H. Christensen, EDUCATION AND DECLINE IN COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE: COMPENSATORY BUT NOT PROTECTIVE, International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, vol.12, issue.3, pp.323-330, 1997.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1166(199703)12:3<323::AID-GPS492>3.0.CO;2-N

J. Clément, Troubles de l'humeur , Psychiatrie de la personne âgée, Flammarion Médecine science, pp.112-144, 1999.

G. Livingston, A systematic review of treatments for refractory depression in older people, Am J Psychiatry, vol.168, p.7, 2011.

C. Cotrena, L. D. Branco, F. M. Shansis, and R. P. Fonseca, Executive function impairments in depression and bipolar disorder: association with functional impairment and quality of life, Journal of Affective Disorders, vol.190, pp.744-753, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jad.2015.11.007

E. Courchesne, H. Chisum, and T. J. , Normal Brain Development and Aging: Quantitative Analysis at in Vivo MR Imaging in Healthy Volunteers, Radiology, vol.216, issue.3, pp.672-682, 2000.
DOI : 10.1148/radiology.216.3.r00au37672

J. Crawford, The Executive Decline Hypothesis of Cognitive Aging: Do Executive Deficits Qualify as Differential Deficits and Do They Mediate Age-Related Memory Decline?, Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, vol.7, issue.1, pp.9-31, 2000.
DOI : 10.1076/anec.7.1.9.806

. Curran, Antidepressants and human memory ; an investigation of four drugs with different sedative and anticholinergic profiles, Psychopharmacology, 1988.

F. Dolcos, Hemispheric asymmetry and aging: right hemisphere decline or asymmetry reduction, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, vol.26, issue.7, pp.819-825, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0149-7634(02)00068-4

V. Etienne, ??volution du contr??le ex??cutif au cours du vieillissement normal, Revue Neurologique, vol.164, issue.12, pp.1010-1017, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neurol.2008.03.021

M. Fava, Diagnosis and definition of treatment-resistant depression, Biological Psychiatry, vol.53, issue.8, pp.649-659, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0006-3223(03)00231-2

T. Feinberg and B. Goodman, Affective illness, dementia and pseudodementia, J Clin Psychiatry, vol.45, pp.99-103, 1984.

. Fossati, Neuropsychologie des troubles des fonctions exécutives, dans la dépression : une revue de la littérature, 2002.

. R. Frerichs, Quand faut-il adresser une personne âgée à un neuropsychologue ? La Revue Canadienne de la Maladie d'Alzheimer, 2004.

G. Gagné, M. Furman, . Carpenter, and L. Price, Efficacy of Continuation ECT and Antidepressant Drugs Compared to Long-Term Antidepressants Alone in Depressed Patients, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.157, issue.12, pp.1960-1965, 2000.
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ajp.157.12.1960

L. Gallarda, D??pression et personnes ??g??es, L'Enc??phale, vol.35, issue.3, pp.269-280, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.encep.2008.10.013

D. A. Gansler, M. Suvak, P. Arean, and G. S. Alexopoulos, Role of Executive Dysfunction and Dysexecutive Behavior in Late-Life Depression and Disability, The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, vol.23, issue.10, pp.1038-1045, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jagp.2015.05.003

C. Gu, H. He, H. Duan, Z. Su, H. Chen et al., Predictors of neurocognitive impairment at 2years after a first-episode major depressive disorder, Comprehensive Psychiatry, vol.68, pp.24-33, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.comppsych.2016.03.009

F. Gunning-dixon and N. Raz, The cognitive correlates of white matter abnormalities in normal aging: A quantitative review., Neuropsychology, vol.14, issue.2, pp.224-232, 2000.
DOI : 10.1037/0894-4105.14.2.224

M. Hamilton, THE ASSESSMENT OF ANXIETY STATES BY RATING, British Journal of Medical Psychology, vol.32, issue.1, pp.50-55, 1959.
DOI : 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1959.tb00467.x

M. Hamilton, A RATING SCALE FOR DEPRESSION, Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, vol.23, issue.1, pp.56-62, 1960.
DOI : 10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56

C. Hazif-thomas, . Bouché, and P. Thomas, Spécificités de la dépression du sujet âgé, pp.751-756, 2004.

H. Heimann, Therapy-resistant depression:symptoms and syndromes. Contributions to symptomatology and symdromes, Pharmakopsychiatr, Neuropsykopharmacol, pp.7-139, 1974.

. Janssen, Hippocampal changes and white matter lesions in early-onset depression, Biological Psychiatry, vol.56, issue.11, pp.825-856, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.09.011

M. Kalafat, L. Hugonot-diener, and J. Poitrenaud, Standardisation et étalonnage français du " Mini Mental State " (MMS) version GRÉCO, pp.209-236, 2003.

C. Kamholz and A. Mellow, MANAGEMENT OF TREATMENT RESISTANCE IN THE DEPRESSED GERIATRIC PATIENT, Psychiatric Clinics of North America, vol.19, issue.2
DOI : 10.1016/S0193-953X(05)70288-4

C. Kellner, R. Knapp, and P. , Continuation Electroconvulsive Therapy vs Pharmacotherapy for Relapse Prevention in Major Depression, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol.63, issue.12, pp.63-1337, 2006.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.63.12.1337

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3708140

D. N. Kiosses, S. Klimstra, C. Murphy, and G. S. Alexopoulos, Executive Dysfunction and Disability in Elderly Patients With Major Depression, The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, vol.9, issue.3, pp.269-274, 2001.
DOI : 10.1097/00019442-200108000-00011

C. Knochel, G. Alves, B. Friedrichs, B. Schneider, A. Schmidt-rechau et al., Treatment-resistant Late-life Depression: Challenges and Perspectives, Current Neuropharmacology, vol.13, issue.5, pp.577-591, 2015.
DOI : 10.2174/1570159X1305151013200032

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4761630

M. Koenigs and J. Grafman, The functional neuroanatomy of depression: Distinct roles for ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, Behavioural Brain Research, vol.201, issue.2, pp.239-243, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbr.2009.03.004

R. Kok, D. Vink, T. Heeren, and W. Nolen, Lithium Augmentation Compared With Phenelzine in Treatment-Resistant Depression in the Elderly, The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, vol.68, issue.08, pp.1177-1885, 2007.
DOI : 10.4088/JCP.v68n0803

L. Kranaster, J. Kammerer-ciernioch, C. Hoyer, and A. Sartorius, Clinically favourable effects of ketamine as an anaesthetic for electroconvulsive therapy: a retrospective study, European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, vol.21, issue.8, pp.575-58210, 2011.
DOI : 10.1007/s00406-011-0205-7

. Kuhnel, Prévalence de la dépression en EHPAD : nécessité d'une approche gérontopsychiatrique , NPG Neurologie-Psychiatrie-Gériatrie, pp.10-111, 2010.

D. Laberge, Attention Processing ;Cambridge, 1995.

. Lampe, Effects of recurrent major depressive disorder on behavior and cognitive function in female depressed patients, Psychiatry Research, vol.125, issue.2, pp.73-82, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.psychres.2003.12.004

E. J. Lenze, B. H. Mulsant, D. M. Blumberger, J. F. Karp, J. W. Newcomer et al., Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of augmentation pharmacotherapy with aripiprazole for treatment-resistant depression in late life: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, The Lancet, vol.386, issue.10011, pp.2404-241210, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00308-6

E. J. Lenze, M. Sheffrin, H. C. Driscoll, B. H. Mulsant, B. G. Pollock et al., Incomplete response in late-life depression :getting to remission, Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, vol.10, issue.4, 2008.

V. Lleshi and T. Bizzozzero, La dépression du sujet âgé, Rev Med Suisse, vol.5, pp.1785-1794, 2009.

A. J. Lloyd, J. B. Grace, E. Jaros, R. H. Perry, A. F. Fairbairn et al., Depression in late life, cognitive decline and white matter pathology in two clinico-pathologically investigated cases, International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, vol.96, issue.3, pp.281-287, 2001.
DOI : 10.1002/gps.328

C. Lyketsos, Neuropsychiatric symptoms (behavioral and psychologicaln symptoms of dementia) and the development of dementia treatments, Int Psychogeriatr, pp.19-409, 2007.

F. Gunning-dixon, Executive functioning complaints and escitalopram treatment response in latelife depression, Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, vol.23, issue.5, pp.440-445, 2015.

M. Mather, Aging and Attentional Biases for Emotional Faces, Psychological Science, vol.145, issue.5, pp.409-415, 2003.
DOI : 10.1037//0033-2909.114.3.510

M. Mather, Amygdala Responses to Emotionally Valenced Stimuli in Older and Younger Adults, Psychological Science, vol.23, issue.4, pp.259-263, 2004.
DOI : 10.1037//0882-7974.15.4.684

L. M. Mcdermott and K. P. Ebmeier, A meta-analysis of depression severity and cognitive function, Journal of Affective Disorders, vol.119, issue.1-3, pp.1-8, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jad.2009.04.022

R. S. Mcintyre, D. S. Cha, J. K. Soczynska, H. O. Woldeyohannes, L. A. Gallaugher et al., COGNITIVE DEFICITS AND FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES IN MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER: DETERMINANTS, SUBSTRATES, AND TREATMENT INTERVENTIONS, Depression and Anxiety, vol.30, issue.6, pp.515-527, 2013.
DOI : 10.1002/da.22063

J. Mikels, Divergent trajectories in the aging mind: Changes in working memory for affective versus visual information with age., Psychology and Aging, vol.20, issue.4, pp.542-553, 2005.
DOI : 10.1037/0882-7974.20.4.542

. Miyake, The Unity and Diversity of Executive Functions and Their Contributions to Complex ???Frontal Lobe??? Tasks: A Latent Variable Analysis, Cognitive Psychology, vol.41, issue.1, pp.49-100, 2000.
DOI : 10.1006/cogp.1999.0734

V. Morichi, G. Dell-'aquila, F. Trotta, A. Belluigi, F. Lattanzio et al., Diagnosing and Treating Depression in Older and Oldest Old, Current Pharmaceutical Design, vol.21, issue.13, pp.1690-1698, 2015.
DOI : 10.2174/1381612821666150130124354

S. S. Morimoto and G. S. Alexopoulos, Cognitive Deficits in Geriatric Depression, Psychiatric Clinics of North America, vol.36, issue.4, pp.517-531, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.psc.2013.08.002

S. S. Morimoto, D. Kanellopoulos, K. J. Manning, and G. S. Alexopoulos, Diagnosis and treatment of depression and cognitive impairment in late life, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.56, issue.1, pp.36-46, 1345.
DOI : 10.1111/nyas.12669

C. Moroni and M. Gély-nargeot, Modifications cognitives liées à l'âge; Psychiatrie de la personne âgée; Médecine sciences, pp.67-74, 2010.

Z. Nagy, P. Hubbard, R. Neuropathology, C. Jacoby, . Oppenheimer et al., Oxford textbook of old age psychiatry, pp.67-83, 2008.

. Naismith, The neurobiology of depression in later-life: Clinical, neuropsychological, neuroimaging and pathophysiological features, Progress in Neurobiology98, pp.99-143, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2012.05.009

. Nandrino, Autobiographical Memory in Major Depression: A Comparison between First-Episode and Recurrent Patients, Psychopathology, vol.35, issue.6, pp.335-375, 2002.
DOI : 10.1159/000068591

R. Nebes, M. Butters, B. Mulsant, B. Pollock, M. Zmuda et al., Decreased working memory and processing speed mediate cognitive impairment in geriatric depression, Psychological Medicine, vol.30, issue.3, pp.679-691, 2000.
DOI : 10.1017/S0033291799001968

. Nebes, Persistance of cognitive impairment in geriatric patients following antidepressant tretment : a randomized, double blind clinical trial with nortriptyline and paroxetine, J Psychiatry Res, 2003.

A. Nierenberg, K. White, and «. , What next ? » A review of pharmacologic stratégoes for treatment resistant depression, Psychopharmacology Bulletin, pp.26-429, 1990.

J. Olin, L. Schneider, I. Katz, B. Meyers, and G. Alexopoulos, Provisional Diagnostic Criteria for Depression of Alzheimer Disease, The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, vol.10, issue.2, pp.125-133, 2002.
DOI : 10.1097/00019442-200203000-00003

. Papazacharias, The relationship between depression and cognitive deficits, Psychiatria Danubina, 2012.

S. Paterniti and M. Verdier-taillefer, Depressive symptoms and cognitive decline in elderly people: Longitudinal study, The British Journal of Psychiatry, vol.181, issue.5, pp.406-410, 2002.
DOI : 10.1192/bjp.181.5.406

P. Pichot, Therapy Resistant Depressions. Methodological Problems, Pharmacopsychiatry, vol.7, issue.02, pp.80-84, 1974.
DOI : 10.1055/s-0028-1094405

P. Pichot and T. Lemperière, Analyse factorielle d'un questionnaire d'auto évaluation des symptômes dépressifs, pp.15-29, 1964.

M. Pisljar, G. Repovs, and Z. Pirtosek, Cognition in late onset depression, Psychiatry Research, vol.210, issue.1, pp.89-94, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.01.032

. Rapp, Neuropsychological Differences Between Late-Onset and Recurrent Geriatric Major Depression, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.162, issue.4, 2005.
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.4.691

URL : http://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.4.691

A. Rey, Test de copie et de reproduction de mémoire de figures géométriques complexes, Paris : ECPA, 1959.

P. Robert, Proposed diagnostic criteria for apathy in Alzheimer's disease and other neuropsychiatric disorders, European Psychiatry, vol.24, issue.2, pp.98-104, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.09.001

C. Rodriguez-aranda, The Frontal Hypothesis of Cognitive Aging: Factor Structure and Age Effects on Four Frontal Tests Among Healthy Individuals, The Journal of Genetic Psychology, vol.167, issue.3, pp.269-287, 2006.
DOI : 10.3200/GNTP.167.3.269-287

A. J. Rush, M. H. Trivedi, S. R. Wisniewski, A. Nierenberg, J. Stewart et al., Acute and Longer-Term Outcomes in Depressed Outpatients Requiring One or Several Treatment Steps: A STAR*D Report, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.163, issue.11, pp.1905-1917, 2006.
DOI : 10.1176/ajp.2006.163.11.1905

H. Sackeim, R. Haskett, and B. Mulsant, Continuation Pharmacotherapy in the Prevention of Relapse Following Electroconvulsive Therapy, JAMA, vol.285, issue.10, pp.1299-1307, 2001.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.285.10.1299

D. Salat, R. Buckner, and A. Snyder, Thinning of the Cerebral Cortex in Aging, Cerebral Cortex, vol.14, issue.7, pp.721-730, 2004.
DOI : 10.1093/cercor/bhh032

R. Schmidt, H. Schmidt, and F. Fazekas, Vascular risk factors in dementia, Journal of Neurology, vol.247, issue.2, pp.81-87, 2000.
DOI : 10.1007/s004150050021

D. Sheehan, K. Harnett-sheehan, and B. A. Raj, The measurement of disability, International Clinical Psychopharmacology, vol.11, issue.Supplement 3, pp.89-95, 1996.
DOI : 10.1097/00004850-199606003-00015

. Sheline, Treatment Course With Antidepressant Therapy in Late Life Depresson, Am J Psychiatry, vol.169, p.11, 2012.

. Sheline, Cognitive Function in Late Life Depression: Relationships to Depression Severity, Cerebrovascular Risk Factors and Processing Speed, Biological Psychiatry, vol.60, issue.1, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.09.019

D. Souery, P. Oswald, I. Massat, U. Bailer, J. Bollen et al., Clinical Factors Associated With Treatment Resistance in Major Depressive Disorder, The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, vol.68, issue.07, pp.1062-1070, 2007.
DOI : 10.4088/JCP.v68n0713

C. Spielberger, M. Bruchon-schweitze, and I. Paulhan, Inventaire d 'anxiété Etat-Trait Forme Y (STAI-Y), 1993.

L. R. Squire and E. R. Kandel, La mémoire : de l'esprit aux molécules, 2002.

D. Steffens, I. Skoog, and M. Norton, Prevalence of Depression and Its Treatment in an Elderly Population: The Cache County Study, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol.57, issue.6, pp.601-608, 2000.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.57.6.601

Y. Stern, What is cognitive reserve? Theory and research application of the reserve concept, Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, vol.8, issue.03, pp.448-460, 2002.
DOI : 10.1017/S1355617702813248

W. D. Taylor, H. J. Aizenstein, and G. S. Alexopoulos, The vascular depression hypothesis: mechanisms linking vascular disease with depression, Molecular Psychiatry, vol.23, issue.9, 2013.
DOI : 10.1001/archinternmed.2011.1391

I. Tendolkar, M. Van-beek, I. Van-oostrom, M. Mulder, J. Janzing et al., Electroconvulsive therapy increases hippocampal and amygdala volume in therapy refractory depression: A longitudinal pilot study, Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, vol.214, issue.3, pp.197-203, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2013.09.004

F. Terro and C. Yardin, Changements structuraux dans le cerveau vieillissant; Psychiatrie de la personne âgée; Médecine sciences, Flammarion, pp.41-57, 2010.

M. Thase and A. Rush, When at first you don't succeed: sequential strategies for antidepressant nonresponders, The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, vol.58, issue.13, pp.23-32, 1997.

P. Thomas, A. O-'brien, and J. , Management of late-life depression: a major leap forward, The Lancet, vol.386, issue.10011, p.386, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00304-9

P. Thomas and C. Hazif-thomas, « Les nouvelles approches de la dépression de la personne âgée », Gérontologie et société 3, pp.141-155, 2008.
DOI : 10.3917/gs.126.0141

E. Tulving, Concept of memory ; In E Tulving, FIM Craik ; The Oxford handbook of memory

E. Tulving and D. Shacter, Les différents sytèmes de mémoire chez l'animal et chez l'homme. SolalMarseille, 1996.

J. Unützer and M. Park, Older Adults With Severe, Treatment-Resistant Depression, JAMA, vol.308, issue.9, pp.909-918, 2012.
DOI : 10.1001/2012.jama.10690

D. Valleix, La maladie d'Alzheimer ou la chute de l'empire néorcortical à l'âge de raison

E. Vieta and F. Colom, Therapeutic options in treatment-resistant depression, Annals of Medicine, vol.26, issue.3, 2011.
DOI : 10.1034/j.1399-5618.2001.030208.x

R. West, An application of prefrontal cortex function theory to cognitive aging., Psychological Bulletin, vol.120, issue.2, pp.272-292, 1996.
DOI : 10.1037/0033-2909.120.2.272

R. Wilson, L. Barnes, and C. Mendes-de-leon, Depressive symptoms, cognitive decline, and risk of AD in older persons, Neurology, vol.59, issue.3, pp.364-370, 2002.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.59.3.364

G. S. Alexopoulos, Apathy in late-life depression: common, persistent, and disabling, Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, vol.23, issue.5, 2015.

G. S. Yuen, F. M. Gunning, E. Woods, S. A. Klimstra, M. J. Hoptman et al., Neuroanatomical correlates of apathy in late-life depression and antidepressant treatment response, Journal of Affective Disorders, vol.166
DOI : 10.1016/j.jad.2014.05.008

M. Zimmerman, J. H. Martinez, D. Young, I. Chelminski, and K. Dalrymple, Severity classification on the Hamilton depression rating scale, Journal of Affective Disorders, vol.150, issue.2, pp.384-388, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jad.2013.04.028

. Je-soussigné-(-e-)-??????, ????? né(e) le

J. 'accepte-de-participer-volontairement-À-cette-Étude and C. Resistante, Il m'a bien été précisé que je pouvais refuser d'y participer et que dans le cas d'une participation à celle-ci, je pouvais revenir sur ma décision à tout INDICATEURS