E. Score, C. Score, and . En, PD-L1 est un marqueur dynamique comme l'ont montré Inman et al dans leur étude évaluant le rôle de PD-L1 dans une cohorte de TVNIM traités par BCG et de cystectomie pour TVIM (54). L'expression de PD-L1 varie avec le temps et selon les traitements, En effet

. De-plus and . Dans-la-même-Étude, PD-L1 était fortement exprimé au sein des granulomes des patients présentant une récidive après BCG (> 90% des cellules PD-L1+) Ceci pourrait contribuer à la diminution de l'efficacité du BCG, expliquée par une accumulation de PD

E. Nakanishi, 63) ont démontré le lien entre l'expression de PD-L1 et l'agressivité de la tumeur en terme de stade et de grade

. Dans-notre-Étude, 13 patients PD-L1 TC+ (seuil 1%) présentaient du CIS sur la lame initiale (37,1 %) contre 2 patients (5,7%) classés initialement pTa et 20 patients pT1 (57,1%) Nous avons mis en évidence une différence d'expression de PD-L1 statistiquement significative entre ces trois groupes

. Ceci-est-lié-au-fait-que-l, expression de PD-L1 43% de patients récidivant après les 6 instillations de BCG, 72% n'auront pas de tumeur sur une nouvelle évaluation à 6 mois

. Enfin, parmi nos 38 patients mauvais répondeurs, 36 récidivent de façon précoce (6 mois) sous la forme d'une tumeur de haut grade et pouvant donc être définis comme réfractaires au BCG selon la définition de l'IBCG ou récidive précoce selon les recommandations du CCAFU, 2016.

. De, 38 patients présentant de la tumeur sur le second look, la majorité étaient pT1 sur leur histologie initiale (n=25, soit 65,8%) comme l'avaient montré Divrik et al

. Dans-notre-Étude, nous n'avons pas mis en évidence de lien entre l'âge > 70 ans et la récidive tumorale, ce résultat étant concordant avec les résultats d'Oddens et al, p.64

M. Influence-de-la-présence-de-cis-rouprêt, Y. Neuzillet, A. Masson-lecomte, P. Colin, E. Compérat et al., Les principaux facteurs pronostiques connus dans la littérature, que sont l' BIBLIOGRAPHIE 1 Recommandations en onco-urologie 2016-2018 du CCAFU : Tumeurs de la vessie, Prog Urol, vol.27, issue.1, pp.67-91, 2016.

E. Scosyrev, K. Noyes, C. Feng, and E. Messing, Sex and racial differences in bladder cancer presentation and mortality in the US, Cancer, vol.53, issue.1, pp.68-74, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.urology.2005.09.003

M. Keimling, G. Behrens, D. Schmid, C. Jochem, and M. Leitzmann, The association between physical activity and bladder cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis, British Journal of Cancer, vol.36, issue.2440, pp.1862-70, 2014.
DOI : 10.1186/1471-2407-8-366

M. Montella, D. Maso, M. Crispo, A. Grimaldi, M. Bosetti et al., Metabolic syndrome and the risk of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: a case-control study, BMC Cancer, vol.26, issue.1, p.720, 2015.
DOI : 10.1006/pmed.1997.0190

M. Babjuk, A. Böhle, M. Burger, O. Capoun, D. Cohen et al., EAU Guidelines on Non???Muscle-invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder: Update 2016, European Urology, vol.71, issue.3, pp.447-461, 2017.
DOI : 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.05.041

R. Divrik, A. Sahin, U. Yildirim, M. Altok, and F. Zorlu, Impact of Routine Second Transurethral Resection on the Long-Term Outcome of Patients with Newly Diagnosed pT1 Urothelial Carcinoma with Respect to Recurrence, Progression Rate, and Disease-Specific Survival: A Prospective Randomised Clinical Trial, European Urology, vol.58, issue.2, pp.185-90, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.eururo.2010.03.007

D. Chopin, F. Saint, and B. Gattegno, Immunothérapie endovésicale : le Bacille de Calmette-Guérin

A. Morales, D. Eidinger, and A. Bruce, Intracavitary Bacillus Calmette-guerin in the Treatment of Superficial Bladder Tumors, The Journal of Urology, vol.116, issue.2, pp.180-183, 1976.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)58737-6

D. Lamm, D. Thor, S. Harris, J. Reyna, V. Stogdill et al., Bacillus Calmette-guerin Immunotherapy of Superficial Bladder Cancer, The Journal of Urology, vol.124, issue.1, pp.38-40, 1980.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)55282-9

. Neuzillet, Molecular, preclinical and clinical comparative data regarding different strains of bacillus Calmette-Guerin : Review by the French Urological Association Oncology Committee

C. Rentsch, F. Birkhäuser, C. Biot, J. Gsponer, A. Bisiaux et al., Bacillus Calmette-Gu??rin Strain Differences Have an Impact on Clinical Outcome in Bladder Cancer Immunotherapy, European Urology, vol.66, issue.4, pp.677-88, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.02.061

R. Sylvester, A. Van-der-meijden, and D. Lamm, Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Reduces the Risk of Progression in Patients with Superficial Bladder Cancer:, The Journal of Urology, vol.168, issue.5, pp.1964-70, 2002.
DOI : 10.1097/00005392-200211000-00016

. Saint, Mécanismes d'action du BCG, Prog Urol, vol.10, pp.1118-1126, 2000.

J. Irani, Treatment of non-muscle infiltrating tumours of the bladder, Prog Urol, 2009.

D. Lamm, B. Blumenstein, J. Crissman, J. Montie, J. Gottesman et al., MAINTENANCE BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR RECURRENT TA, T1 AND CARCINOMA IN SITU TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA OF THE BLADDER: A RANDOMIZED SOUTHWEST ONCOLOGY GROUP STUDY, The Journal of Urology, vol.163, issue.4, pp.1124-1133, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)67707-5

J. Oddens, M. Brausi, R. Sylvester, A. Bono, C. Van-de-beek et al., Final results of an EORTC-GU cancers group randomized study of maintenance bacillus Calmette-Guérin in intermediate- and highrisk Ta

M. Shelley, H. Kynaston, J. Court, T. Wilt, B. Coles et al., A systematic review of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Gu??rin plus transurethral resection vs transurethral resection alone in Ta and T1 bladder cancer, BJU International, vol.162, issue.Suppl. 2, pp.209-225, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)68208-0

A. Böhle, D. Jocham, and P. Bock, Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Versus Mitomycin C For Superficial Bladder Cancer: A Formal Meta-Analysis of Comparative Studies on Recurrence and Toxicity, The Journal of Urology, vol.169, issue.1, pp.90-95, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)64043-8

P. Malmström, R. Sylvester, D. Crawford, M. Friedrich, S. Krege et al., An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of the Long-Term Outcome of Randomised Studies Comparing Intravesical Mitomycin C versus Bacillus Calmette-Gu??rin for Non???Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer, European Urology, vol.56, issue.2, pp.247-56, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.eururo.2009.04.038

. Gontero, Prognostic Factors and Risk Groups in T1G3 Non???Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Patients Initially Treated with Bacillus Calmette-Gu??rin: Results of a Retrospective Multicenter Study of 2451 Patients, European Urology, vol.67, issue.1, pp.74-82, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.06.040

. Fukumoto, Lymphovascular invasion status at transurethral resection of bladder tumors may predict subsequent poor response of T1 tumors to bacillus Calmette-Gu??rin, BMC Urology, vol.22, issue.2, p.5, 2016.
DOI : 10.1111/iju.12611

S. Jallad, S. Goubet, A. Symes, T. Larner, and P. Thomas, Prognostic value of inflammation or granuloma after intravesival BCG in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, BJU International, vol.33, issue.6 Pt 1, 2014.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1019533806868

. Saint, Urinary IL-2 assay for monitoring intravesical bacillus calmette-gu??rin (BCG) response of superficial bladder cancer during induction course and maintenance therapy, European Urology Supplements, vol.2, issue.1, pp.434-474, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S1569-9056(03)80756-X

. Saint, PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF A T HELPER 1 URINARY CYTOKINE RESPONSE AFTER INTRAVESICAL BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN TREATMENT FOR SUPERFICIAL BLADDER CANCER, The Journal of Urology, vol.167, issue.1, pp.364-371, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65469-9

A. Mbeutcha, S. Shariat, M. Rieken, M. Rink, E. Xylinas et al., Prognostic significance of markers of systemic inflammatory response in patients with non invasive bladder cancer, Urol Oncol, 2016.

B. Júnior, W. Almeida, G. Ribas, and C. , De Cobelli OEORTC Risk Model to Predict Progression in Patients With Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Is It Safe to Use in Clinical Practice? Clin Genitourin Cancer, Ribas Filho JM, vol.14, issue.2, pp.176-82, 2016.

E. Xylinas, M. Kent, L. Kluth, A. Pycha, E. Comploj et al., Accuracy of the EORTC risk tables and of the CUETO scoring model to predict outcomes in non-muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, British Journal of Cancer, vol.109, issue.6, pp.1460-1466, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.eururo.2010.05.043

J. Fernandez-gomez, R. Madero, E. Solsona, M. Unda, L. Martinez-piñeiro et al., The EORTC Tables Overestimate the Risk of Recurrence and Progression in Patients with Non???Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Treated with Bacillus Calmette-Gu??rin: External Validation of the EORTC Risk Tables, European Urology, vol.60, issue.3, pp.423-453, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.eururo.2011.05.033

M. Maruf, S. J. Brancato, and K. Piyush, Nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer: a primer on immunotherapy, Cancer Biology & Medicine, vol.13, issue.2, pp.194-205
DOI : 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2016.0020

URL : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4944546/pdf

A. Kamat, M. Colombel, D. Sundi, D. Lamm, A. Boehle et al., BCG-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: recommendations from the IBCG, Nature Reviews Urology, vol.4, issue.4, pp.244-255
DOI : 10.1002/cncr.28731

T. Chanu, Y. Neuzillet, M. Butreau, C. Bach, M. Rouanne et al., Facteurs pr??dictifs et cons??quences pronostiques des complications p??riop??ratoires lors des cystectomies totales pour carcinome uroth??lial chez des patients de 80ans ou plus, Progr??s en Urologie, vol.26, issue.6, pp.331-339, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.purol.2016.04.006

M. Cookson, S. Chang, C. Lihou, T. Li, S. Harper et al., of the bladder, Therapeutic Advances in Urology, vol.49, issue.5, pp.181-91, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.juro.2009.11.038

E. Skinner, B. Goldman, and W. Sakr, SWOG S0353: Phase II Trial of Intravesical Gemcitabine in Patients with Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer and Recurrence after 2 Prior Courses of Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Gu??rin, The Journal of Urology, vol.190, issue.4, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.juro.2013.04.031

A. Correa, K. Theisen, M. Ferroni, J. Maranchie, R. Hrebinko et al., The Role of Interferon in the Management of BCG Refractory Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer, Advances in Urology, vol.59, issue.1, p.656918, 2015.
DOI : 10.1097/01.ju.0000080568.91703.18

A. Morales, H. Herr, G. Steinberg, R. Given, Z. Cohen et al., Efficacy and Safety of MCNA in Patients with Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer at High Risk for Recurrence and Progression after Failed Treatment with bacillus Calmette-Gu??rin, The Journal of Urology, vol.193, issue.4, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.juro.2014.09.109

R. Herbst, J. Soria, M. Kowanetz, G. Fine, O. Hamid et al., Predictive correlates of response to the anti-PD-L1 antibody MPDL3280A in cancer patients, Nature, vol.9, issue.7528, pp.563-570, 2014.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0088401

C. Ortmann and D. Mazhar, Second-line systemic therapy for metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, Future Oncology, vol.19, issue.11, pp.1637-51
DOI : 10.1007/s12032-010-9749-z

T. Powles, J. Eder, G. Fine, F. Braiteh, Y. Loriot et al., MPDL3280A (anti-PD-L1) treatment leads to clinical activity in metastatic bladder cancer, Nature, vol.45, issue.7528, pp.558-62, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.10.026

J. Rosenberg, J. Hoffman-censits, T. Powles, M. Van-der-heijden, A. Balar et al., Atezolizumab in patients with locally advanced and metastatic urothelial carcinoma who have progressed following treatment with platinum-based chemotherapy: a single-arm, multicentre, phase 2 trial, The Lancet, vol.387, issue.10031, pp.1909-1929, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00561-4

A. Balar, M. Galsky, J. Rosenberg, T. Powles, D. Petrylak et al., Atezolizumab as first-line treatment in cisplatin-ineligible patients with locally advanced and metastatic urothelial carcinoma: a single-arm, multicentre, phase 2 trial, The Lancet, vol.389, issue.10064, pp.67-76, 2017.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32455-2

P. Sharma, M. Callahan, P. Bono, J. Kim, P. Spiliopoulou et al., Nivolumab monotherapy in recurrent metastatic urothelial carcinoma (CheckMate 032): a multicentre, open-label, two-stage, multi-arm, phase 1/2 trial, The Lancet Oncology, vol.17, issue.11, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/S1470-2045(16)30496-X

P. Sharma, M. Retz, A. Siefker-radtke, A. Baron, A. Necchi et al., Nivolumab in metastatic urothelial carcinoma after platinum therapy (CheckMate 275): a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial, The Lancet Oncology, vol.18, issue.3, pp.312-322, 2017.
DOI : 10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30065-7

J. Bellmunt, R. De-wit, D. Vaughn, Y. Fradet, J. Lee et al., Pembrolizumab as Second-Line Therapy for Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.376, issue.11, pp.1015-1026, 2017.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMoa1613683

A. Apolo, J. Infante, A. Balmanoukian, M. Patel, D. Wang et al., Avelumab, an Anti???Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Antibody, In Patients With Refractory Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: Results From a Multicenter, Phase Ib Study, Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol.35, issue.19, pp.2117-2124, 2017.
DOI : 10.1200/JCO.2016.71.6795

J. Bellmunt, S. Mullane, L. Werner, A. Fay, M. Callea et al., Association of PD-L1 expression on tumorinfiltrating mononuclear cells and overall survival in patients with urothelial carcinoma, Ann Oncol. 2015, vol.26, issue.4, pp.812-819

E. Plimack, J. Bellmunt, S. Gupta, R. Berger, L. Chow et al., Safety and activity of pembrolizumab in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer (KEYNOTE-012): a non-randomised, open-label, phase 1b study, The Lancet Oncology, vol.18, issue.2
DOI : 10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30007-4

T. Powles, O. Donnell, P. Massard, C. Arkenau, H. Friedlander et al., Efficacy and Safety of Durvalumab in Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma, JAMA Oncology, vol.3, issue.9, 2017.
DOI : 10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.2411

S. Wankowicz, L. Werner, A. Orsola, J. Novak, M. Bowden et al., BellmuntJ Differential Expression of PDL1 in High Grade T1 vs Muscle Invasive Bladder Carcinoma and Its Prognostic Implications, J Urol, 2017.

L. Goux, C. Damotte, D. Vacher, S. Sibony, M. Delongchamps et al., Correlation between messenger RNA expression and protein expression of immune checkpoint???associated molecules in bladder urothelial carcinoma: A retrospective study, Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations, vol.35, issue.5, pp.257-263, 2017.
DOI : 10.1016/j.urolonc.2017.01.014

A. Ghasemzadeh, T. Bivalacqua, N. Hahn, and C. Drake, New Strategies in Bladder Cancer: A Second Coming for Immunotherapy. Clin Cancer Res, Feb, vol.1522, issue.4, pp.793-801, 2016.

B. Inman, T. Sebo, and X. Frigola, PD-L1 (B7-H1) expression by urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and BCG-induced granulomata, Cancer, vol.99, issue.8, pp.1499-505, 2007.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4757-3462-1

Y. Wang, Q. Zhuang, S. Zhou, Z. Hu, and R. Lan, Costimulatory molecule B7-H1 on the immune escape of bladder cancer and its clinical significance, Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology [Medical Sciences], vol.9, issue.5, 2009.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.176.5.3000

S. Boorjian, Y. Sheinin, P. Crispen, S. Farmer, C. Lohse et al., Frank I T-cell coregulatory molecule expression in urothelial cell carcinoma: clinicopathologic correlations and association with survival. Clin Cancer Res, pp.4800-4808, 2008.

I. Roberts-thomson, S. Whittingham, and U. Youngchaiyud, AGEING, IMMUNE RESPONSE, AND MORTALITY, The Lancet, vol.304, issue.7877, pp.368-70, 1974.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(74)91755-3

J. Oddens, R. Sylvester, M. Brausi, W. Kirkels, C. Van-de-beek et al., The Effect of Age on the Efficacy of Maintenance Bacillus Calmette-Gu??rin Relative to Maintenance Epirubicin in Patients with Stage Ta T1 Urothelial Bladder Cancer: Results from EORTC Genito-Urinary Group Study 30911, European Urology, vol.66, issue.4, pp.694-701, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.05.033

R. Divrik, A. Sahin, U. Yildirim, M. Altok, and F. Zorlu, Impact of Routine Second Transurethral Resection on the Long-Term Outcome of Patients with Newly Diagnosed pT1 Urothelial Carcinoma with Respect to Recurrence, Progression Rate, and Disease-Specific Survival: A Prospective Randomised Clinical Trial, European Urology, vol.58, issue.2, pp.185-90, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.eururo.2010.03.007

H. Herr and P. Sogani, DOES EARLY CYSTECTOMY IMPROVE THE SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH HIGH RISK SUPERFICIAL BLADDER TUMORS?, The Journal of Urology, vol.166, issue.4, pp.1296-1305, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65756-4

M. Farina, K. Lundgren, and J. Bellmunt, Immunotherapy in Urothelial Cancer: Recent Results and Future Perspectives, Drugs, vol.6, issue.33, pp.1077-1089, 2017.
DOI : 10.18632/oncotarget.5950

J. Nakanishi, Y. Wada, K. Matsumoto, M. Azuma, K. Kikuchi et al., Overexpression of B7-H1 (PD-L1) significantly associates with tumor grade and postoperative prognosis in human urothelial cancers, Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy, vol.335, issue.8, pp.1173-82, 2007.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.167.2.667

A. Mason-lecomte, E. Xylinas, C. P. Comperat, E. Dubosq, F. Houedee et al., Pratique quotidienne et suivi des recommandations pour la prise en charge des tumeurs de vessie n'infiltrant pas le muscle, 2015.

R. Sylvester, A. Van-der-meijden, W. Oosterlinck, J. Witjes, C. Bouffioux et al., Predicting recurrence and progression in individual patients with stage Ta T1 bladder cancerusing EORTC risk tables

N. Malats, A. Bustos, C. Nascimento, F. Fernandez, M. Rivas et al., P53 as a prognostic marker for bladder cancer: a meta-analysis and review, The Lancet Oncology, vol.6, issue.9, pp.678-86, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/S1470-2045(05)70315-6

T. Arends, O. Nativ, M. Maffezzini, O. De-cobelli, G. Canepa et al., Results of a Randomised Controlled Trial Comparing Intravesical Chemohyperthermia with Mitomycin C Versus Bacillus Calmette-Gu??rin for Adjuvant Treatment of Patients with Intermediate- and High-risk Non???Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer, European Urology, vol.69, issue.6, pp.1046-52, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.01.006

T. Wu, J. Chen, Y. Lee, and J. Huang, THE ROLE OF BCL-2, p53, AND KI-67 INDEX IN PREDICTING TUMOR RECURRENCE FOR LOW GRADE SUPERFICIAL TRANSITIONAL CELL BLADDER CARCINOMA, The Journal of Urology, vol.163, issue.3, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)67798-1

A. Rodríguez-alonso, S. Pita-fernández, J. González-carreró, and J. Nogueira-march, p53 and ki67 Expression as Prognostic Factors for Cancer-Related Survival in Stage T1 Transitional Cell Bladder Carcinoma, European Urology, vol.41, issue.2, pp.182-190, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0302-2838(01)00038-0

A. Ribas and S. Hu-lieskovan, What does PD-L1 positive or negative mean?, The Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.213, issue.13, pp.2835-2840, 2016.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMoa1604958

URL : http://jem.rupress.org/content/jem/213/13/2835.full.pdf

A. Sankin, D. Narasimhulu, P. John, B. Gartrell, and M. Schoenberg, Xingxing Zang. The expanding repertoire of targets for immune checkpoint inhibition in bladder cancer: What lies beneath the tip of the iceberg, PD-L1, Urol Oncol, 2017.

Y. Dabi, Y. Rouscoff, N. Delongchamps, M. Sibony, D. Saighi et al., Impact pronostique du genre f??minin sur le devenir oncologique des patients trait??s par cystectomie totale, Progr??s en Urologie, vol.26, issue.2, pp.83-91, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.purol.2015.12.001

F. Nouhaud, J. Rigaud, F. Saint, M. Colombel, J. Irani et al., Final results of the phase III URO-BCG 4 multicenter study, Anti-Cancer Drugs, vol.28, issue.3, pp.335-340, 2017.
DOI : 10.1097/CAD.0000000000000456

J. Madore, R. Vilain, A. Menzies, H. Kakavand, J. Wilmott et al., PD-L1 expression in melanoma shows marked heterogeneity within and between patients: implications for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 clinical trials, Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research, vol.369, issue.3, pp.2015245-53
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMoa1302369

E. Xylinas, B. Robinson, L. Kluth, B. Volkmer, R. Hautmann et al., Association of T-cell co-regulatory protein expression with clinical outcomes following radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO), vol.40, issue.1
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejso.2013.08.023

M. Djulbegovic, R. Mhaskar, T. Reljic, R. Ackerman, B. Miladinovic et al., Intravesical therapy for NMIBC: a network meta-analysis, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2016.

J. Palou, R. Sylvester, and O. Faba, Female Gender and Carcinoma In Situ in the Prostatic Urethra Are Prognostic Factors for Recurrence, Progression, and Disease-Specific Mortality in T1G3 Bladder Cancer Patients Treated With Bacillus Calmette-Gu??rin, European Urology, vol.62, issue.1, pp.118-143, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.eururo.2011.10.029

J. Fernandez-gomez, E. Solsona, and M. Unda, Prognostic Factors in Patients with Non???Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Treated with Bacillus Calmette-Gu??rin: Multivariate Analysis of Data from Four Randomized CUETO Trials, European Urology, vol.53, issue.5, pp.992-1001, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.eururo.2007.10.006

P. Marks, A. Soave, S. F. Shariat, H. Fajkovic, M. Fisch et al., Female with bladder cancer: what and why is there a difference? Transl Androl Urol, pp.668-682, 2016.

H. Herr and G. Dalbagni, Defining Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Refractory Superficial Bladder Tumors, The Journal of Urology, vol.169, issue.5
DOI : 10.1097/01.ju.0000062605.92268.c6

G. Dalbagni, K. Vora, M. Kaag, A. Cronin, B. Bochner et al., Clinical Outcome in a Contemporary Series of Restaged Patients with Clinical T1 Bladder Cancer, European Urology, vol.56, issue.6, pp.903-913, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.eururo.2009.07.005

B. Van-rhijn, T. Zuiverloon, A. Vis, F. Radvanyi, G. Van-leenders et al., Molecular Grade (FGFR3/MIB-1) and EORTC Risk Scores Are Predictive in Primary Non???Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer, European Urology, vol.58, issue.3, pp.433-474, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.eururo.2010.05.043

B. Van-rhijn, J. Catto, P. Goebell, R. Knüchel, S. Shariat et al., Molecular markers for urothelial bladder cancer prognosis: Toward implementation in clinical practice, Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations, vol.32, issue.7, pp.1078-87, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.urolonc.2014.07.002

J. Witjes, P. Moonen, and A. Van-der-heijden, Review pathology in a diagnostic bladder cancer trial: Effect of patient risk category, Urology, vol.67, issue.4, pp.751-756, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.urology.2005.10.028

C. Pfister, J. Flaman, F. Dunet, P. Grise, and T. Frebourg, P53 MUTATIONS IN BLADDER TUMORS INACTIVATE THE TRANSACTIVATION OF THE P21 AND BAX GENES, AND HAVE A PREDICTIVE VALUE FOR THE CLINICAL OUTCOME AFTER BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN THERAPY, The Journal of Urology, vol.162, issue.1, pp.69-73, 1999.
DOI : 10.1097/00005392-199907000-00017