R. Rettig, Special Treatment ??? The Story of Medicare's ESRD Entitlement, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.364, issue.7, pp.596-604, 2011.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMp1014193

S. Weisbord and . Prevalence, Prevalence, Severity, and Importance of Physical and Emotional Symptoms in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.16, issue.8, pp.2487-94, 2005.
DOI : 10.1681/ASN.2005020157

S. Weisbord, Symptom burden, quality of life, advance care planning and the potential value of palliative care in severely ill haemodialysis patients, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, vol.283, issue.11, pp.1345-52, 2003.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.283.11.1437

, RAPPORT ANNUEL 2015 Réseau Epidémiologie et Information en Néphrologie

S. Wong, Treatment Intensity at the End of Life in Older Adults Receiving Longterm Dialysis, JAMA Intern Med, vol.172, issue.8, pp.2012-2016, 2012.

M. Mcadams-demarco, Frailty as a Novel Predictor of Mortality and Hospitalization in Individuals of All Ages Undergoing Hemodialysis, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.18, issue.6, pp.896-901, 2013.
DOI : 10.1681/ASN.2007020221

F. Murtagh, Dialysis or not? A comparative survival study of patients over 75 years with chronic kidney disease stage 5, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, vol.22, issue.7, pp.1955-62, 2007.
DOI : 10.1093/ndt/gfm153

A. Rouveure, Traitement conservateur, h??modialyse ou dialyse p??riton??ale chez le sujet ??g????: le choix du traitement ne modifie pas la survie, N??phrologie & Th??rapeutique, vol.12, issue.1, pp.32-39, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.nephro.2015.07.473

W. Verberne, Comparative Survival among Older Adults with Advanced Kidney Disease Managed Conservatively Versus with Dialysis, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.11, issue.4, pp.633-673, 2016.
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.07510715

URL : http://cjasn.asnjournals.org/content/11/4/633.full.pdf

S. Chandna, Survival of elderly patients with stage 5 CKD: comparison of conservative management and renal replacement therapy, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, vol.22, issue.5, pp.1608-1622, 2011.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1525-139X.2009.00617.x

URL : https://academic.oup.com/ndt/article-pdf/26/5/1608/5347757/gfq630.pdf

R. Carson, Is Maximum Conservative Management an Equivalent Treatment Option to Dialysis for Elderly Patients with Significant Comorbid Disease?, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.4, issue.10, pp.1611-1620, 2009.
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.00510109

URL : http://cjasn.asnjournals.org/content/4/10/1611.full.pdf

O. Connor and N. , Conservative Management of End-Stage Renal Disease without Dialysis: A Systematic Review, Journal of Palliative Medicine, vol.15, issue.2, pp.228-263, 2012.
DOI : 10.1089/jpm.2011.0207

J. Hussain, Comparison of survival analysis and palliative care involvement in patients aged over 70 years choosing conservative management or renal replacement therapy in advanced chronic kidney disease, Palliative Medicine, vol.119, issue.2, pp.829-868, 2013.
DOI : 10.1093/ndt/gfm772

K. Tamura and M. , Functional Status of Elderly Adults before and after Initiation of Dialysis, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.361, issue.16, pp.1539-1586, 2009.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMoa0904655

W. Van-biesen, Nephrologists' perceptions regarding dialysis withdrawal and palliative care in Europe: lessons from a European Renal Best Practice survey, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, vol.74, issue.12, pp.1951-1959, 2015.
DOI : 10.1093/ndt/gfq781

, Dispositif d'annonce d'insuffisance rénale avancée et de décision partagée sur le mode de suppléance, HAS, pp.1-11, 2015.

A. Jaunait, Comment peut-on ??tre paternaliste??? Confiance et consentement dans la relation m??decin-patient, Raisons politiques, vol.11, issue.3, pp.59-79, 2003.
DOI : 10.3917/rai.011.0059

. Loi, N. 303 Du 4 Mars 2002 Relative Aux Droits Des Malades Et À La Qualité Du Système De Santé, 2002.

J. Hamburger, . La-puissance-et-la-fragilité, and . Seuil, , 1984.

Y. Laroche, Ressources limit??es et s??lection de patients??: Le paradigme de Seattle??: 1960-1972, Laval th??ologique et philosophique, vol.54, issue.2, p.307, 1998.
DOI : 10.7202/401160ar

L. Walton, Palliation Versus Dialysis for End-Stage Renal Disease in the Oldest Old: What are the Considerations?, Palliative Care: Research and Treatment, vol.8, pp.0-4, 2017.
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.02180213

H. Incident and R. Modalities, Chapter 1: Incidence, Prevalence, Patient Characteristics, and Treatment Modalities, USRDS Annu Rep, vol.1, pp.247-76, 2017.

S. Vandecasteele, A Patient-Centered Vision of Care for ESRD: Dialysis as a Bridging Treatment or as a Final Destination?, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.25, issue.8, 2014.
DOI : 10.1681/ASN.2013101082

M. Tamura, Optimizing renal replacement therapy in older adults: a framework for making individualized decisions, Kidney International, vol.82, issue.3, pp.261-270, 2012.
DOI : 10.1038/ki.2011.384

J. Galla, Clinical Practice Guideline on Shared Decision-Making in the Appropriate Initiation of and Withdrawal from Dialysis, J Am Soc Nephrol, issue.11, pp.1340-1342, 2000.

J. Scherer, The Role of Time-Limited Trials in Dialysis Decision Making in Critically Ill Patients, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.11, issue.2, pp.344-53, 2016.
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.03550315

A. Murray, Use of Hospice in the United States Dialysis Population, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.1, issue.6, pp.1248-55, 2006.
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.00970306

A. Jornet, Usefulness of questionnaires on advance directives in haemodialysis units, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, vol.28, issue.10, pp.1676-82, 2017.
DOI : 10.1093/ndt/gft287

B. Birmelé, La décision d'arrêter la dialyse : quel est l'impact des lois sur la fin de vie ? Ethique et santé, pp.205-217, 2017.

G. Jarrin, Question de??l'arr??t de??dialyse et??soins palliatifs. ??tude r??trospective sur??trois??ans au??centre hospitalier universitaire de??Grenoble et????laboration d'un outil d'aide ????la??d??cision, N??phrologie & Th??rapeutique, vol.3, issue.4, pp.139-185, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.nephro.2007.03.004

S. Davison, Nephrologists' Reported Preparedness for End-of-Life Decision-Making, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.1, issue.6
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.02040606

URL : http://cjasn.asnjournals.org/content/1/6/1256.full.pdf

, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, vol.1, issue.6, pp.1256-62, 2006.

A. Moss, Variation in the attitudes of dialysis unit medical directors toward decisions to withhold and withdraw dialysis, J Am Soc Nephrol JASN, vol.4, issue.2, pp.229-263, 1993.

R. Keating, Stopping dialysis of an incompetent patient over the family's objection: is it ever ethical and legal?, J Am Soc Nephrol, vol.4, issue.11, pp.1879-83, 1994.

, Comité Consultatif National d'Ethique. Avis N° 121 Fin de vie, autonomie de la personne, volonté de mourir, pp.1-79, 2012.

S. Davison, Pain in hemodialysis patients: prevalence, cause, severity, and management, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol.42, issue.6, pp.1239-1286, 2018.
DOI : 10.1053/j.ajkd.2003.08.025

M. Germain, When Enough Is Enough: The Nephrologist's Responsibility in Ordering Dialysis Treatments, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol.58, issue.1, pp.135-178, 2011.
DOI : 10.1053/j.ajkd.2011.03.019

F. Murtagh, End-Stage Renal Disease: A New Trajectory of Functional Decline in the Last Year of Life, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.11, issue.2, pp.304-312, 2011.
DOI : 10.1097/00130404-200511000-00006

J. Holley, The need for end-of-life care training in nephrology: national survey results of nephrology fellows, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol.42, issue.4, pp.813-820, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0272-6386(03)00868-0

K. Ceckowski, An end-of-life practice survey among clinical nephrologists associated with a single nephrology fellowship training program, Clinical Kidney Journal, vol.11, issue.4, pp.437-479, 2017.
DOI : 10.1093/intqhc/11.3.187

S. Davison, End-of-Life Care Preferences and Needs: Perceptions of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.5, issue.2, pp.195-204, 2010.
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.05960809

R. Hall, Incorporating Geriatric Assessment into a Nephrology Clinic: Preliminary Data from Two Models of Care, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.63, issue.10, pp.2154-2158, 2016.
DOI : 10.1111/jgs.13425

I. Van-loon, The Relevance of Geriatric Impairments in Patients Starting Dialysis: A Systematic Review, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.11, issue.7, pp.1245-59, 2016.
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.06660615

Y. Bao, Frailty, Dialysis Initiation, and Mortality in End-Stage Renal Disease, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol.172, issue.14, pp.1071-1078, 2012.
DOI : 10.1001/archinternmed.2012.3020

L. Fried, Frailty in Older Adults: Evidence for a Phenotype, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.11, issue.4, pp.146-56, 2001.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1996.tb06420.x

K. Johansen, Significance of Frailty among Dialysis Patients, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.18, issue.11, pp.2960-2967, 2007.
DOI : 10.1681/ASN.2007020221

T. Alfaadhel, Frailty and Mortality in Dialysis: Evaluation of a Clinical Frailty Scale, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.10, issue.5
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.07760814

, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, vol.10, issue.5, pp.832-872, 2015.

H. Wildiers, International Society of Geriatric Oncology Consensus on Geriatric Assessment in Older Patients With Cancer, Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol.32, issue.24, pp.2595-603, 2014.
DOI : 10.1200/JCO.2013.54.8347

Y. Arai, Decreased mobility after starting dialysis is an independent risk factor for short-term mortality after initiation of dialysis, Nephrology, vol.9, issue.4, p.2014
DOI : 10.1111/j.1492-7535.2005.01114.x

C. National, Le référentiel métier de la spécialité de gériatrie -Reference document for geriatric medicine. Cah l'Annee Gerontol, pp.1-22, 2011.

J. Foucart, La vieillesse : une construction sociale. Pensée plurielle, pp.7-18, 2003.

J. Rowe, The Forum, America (NY), vol.37, issue.4, pp.433-473, 1997.

J. Ricot, Histoire et ??thique des soins palliatifs, Cit??s, vol.66, issue.2, p.49, 2016.
DOI : 10.3917/cite.066.0049

, OMS. Définition Des Soins Palliatifs, 1990.

S. Palliatifs, L. Ministère-des-solidarités-et-de, and . Santé, , pp.2-3, 2018.

, Atlas des soins palliatifs et de la fin de vie en France. Centre National de la fin vie et des soins palliatifs, 2018.

J. Temel, Early palliative care for patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. Early Palliat care patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer, pp.733-775, 2010.

C. Afsos, Quand associer une approche palliative spécialisée pour les patients adultes atteints de cancer ?, 2016.

S. Davison, Executive summary of the KDIGO Controversies Conference on Supportive Care in Chronic Kidney Disease: developing a roadmap to improving quality care, Kidney International, vol.88, issue.3, pp.447-59, 2015.
DOI : 10.1038/ki.2015.110

K. Chan, Reduction of Acute Hospital Admissions and Improvement in Outpatient Attendance by Intensified Renal Palliative Care Clinic Follow-Up: The Hong Kong Experience, Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, vol.49, issue.1, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2014.04.010

C. Couchoud, A clinical score to predict 6-month prognosis in elderly patients starting dialysis for end-stage renal disease, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, vol.318, issue.7178, pp.1553-61, 2009.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.318.7178.217

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00555036

C. Couchoud, Development of a risk stratification algorithm to improve patient-centered care and decision making for incident elderly patients with end-stage renal disease, Kidney International, vol.88, issue.5, pp.1178-86, 2015.
DOI : 10.1038/ki.2015.245

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01913256

M. Thamer, Predicting Early Death Among Elderly Dialysis Patients: Development and Validation of a Risk Score to Assist Shared Decision Making for Dialysis Initiation, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol.66, issue.6, pp.1024-1056, 2015.
DOI : 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.05.014

L. Cohen, Predicting Six-Month Mortality for Patients Who Are on Maintenance Hemodialysis, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.5, issue.1, pp.72-81, 2010.
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.03860609

L. Breton and D. , Sociologie du risque. Que sais-j, pp.31-54, 2002.

U. Beck, La société du risque : sur la voie d'une autre modernité. Champs Ess, 1986.

K. Ladin, Engagement in decision-making and patient satisfaction: a qualitative study of older patients' perceptions of dialysis initiation and modality decisions, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, vol.27, issue.8, pp.1394-401, 2017.
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.02190314

S. Kaufman, Old Age, Life Extension, and the Character of Medical Choice, The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, vol.341, issue.23, pp.175-84, 2006.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJM199912023412303

URL : https://academic.oup.com/psychsocgerontology/article-pdf/61/4/S175/1652058/S175.pdf

J. Mill, . On, and . Folio, , 1990.

K. Emmanuel, Fondements de la métaphysique des moeurs, Librairie philosophique, 2008.

M. Silveira, Advance Directives and Outcomes of Surrogate Decision Making before Death, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.362, issue.13, pp.1211-1219, 2010.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMsa0907901

R. Horn, ???I don???t need my patients??? opinion to withdraw treatment???: patient preferences at the end-of-life and physician attitudes towards advance directives in England and France, Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy, vol.59, issue.1, pp.425-460, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.socscimed.2003.10.005

R. Horn, ???Why Should I Question a Patient???s Wish????A Comparative Study on Physicians??? Perspectives on Their Duties to Respect Advance Directives, European Journal of Health Law, vol.24, issue.5, pp.523-563, 2017.
DOI : 10.1163/15718093-12341437

, Centre national des soins palliatifs et de la fin de vie. Un an de politique active en faveur des directives anticipées, 2018.

B. Opinion, Les directives anticipées , le regard des Français et des médecins généralistes, 2018.

P. Singer, Life-sustaining treatment preferences of hemodialysis patients: implications for advance directives, J Am Soc Nephrol, vol.6, issue.5, pp.1410-1417, 1995.

A. Sehgal, Advance Directives and Withdrawal of Dialysis in the United States, Germany, and Japan, JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, vol.276, issue.20, pp.1652-1658, 1996.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.1996.03540200038028

K. Griva, Cognitive Impairment and 7-Year Mortality in Dialysis Patients, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol.56, issue.4, pp.693-703, 2010.
DOI : 10.1053/j.ajkd.2010.07.003

M. Tamura, Advance Directives and End-of-Life Care among Nursing Home Residents Receiving Maintenance Dialysis, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.12, issue.3, pp.435-477, 2017.
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.07510716

J. Rietjens, Definition and recommendations for advance care planning: an international consensus supported by the European Association for Palliative Care, The Lancet Oncology, vol.18, issue.9, pp.543-51, 2017.
DOI : 10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30582-X

H. Perkins, Annals of Internal Medicine Perspective Controlling Death : The False Promise of Advance Directives, 2007.

C. Lefève, Le droit ?? la mort peut-il ??tre reconnu par la m??decine??, Les Cahiers du Centre Georges Canguilhem, vol.4, issue.1, 2010.
DOI : 10.3917/ccgc.004.0013

C. Lefève, ». La-philosophie-du-soin, and . Paru-dans, La Matière l'esprit, pp.337-345, 1943.

A. Mol, Ce que soigner veut dire : repenser le libre choix du patient
DOI : 10.4000/books.pressesmines.1562

M. Weber and . Le-savant-et-le-politique, , 2002.

M. Foucault, Histoire de la sexualité, tome 1 : La Volonté de savoir

S. Weisbord and . Prevalence, Prevalence, Severity, and Importance of Physical and Emotional Symptoms in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.16, issue.8, pp.2487-94, 2005.
DOI : 10.1681/ASN.2005020157

URL : http://jasn.asnjournals.org/content/16/8/2487.full.pdf

S. Weisbord, Symptom burden, quality of life, advance care planning and the potential value of palliative care in severely ill haemodialysis patients, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, vol.283, issue.11, pp.1345-52, 2003.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.283.11.1437

A. Bansal, Editorial Recognizing the Elephant in the Room Palliative Care Needs in Acute Kidney Injury, pp.1-2, 2017.

M. Song, Advance Care Planning and End-of-Life Decision Making in Dialysis: A Randomized Controlled Trial Targeting Patients and Their Surrogates, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol.66, issue.5, pp.813-835, 2015.
DOI : 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.05.018

J. Abel, The impact of advance care planning of place of death, a hospice retrospective cohort study, BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care, vol.3, issue.2, pp.168-73, 2013.
DOI : 10.1136/bmjspcare-2012-000327

M. Sellars, Clinicians??? Perspectives on Advance Care Planning for Patients With CKD in Australia: An Interview Study, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol.70, issue.3, pp.315-338, 2017.
DOI : 10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.11.023

, Rapport 2011: Fin de vie: un premier état des lieux, 2011.

J. Temel, Early palliative care for patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. Early Palliat care patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer, pp.733-775, 2010.

, SFAP. Pallia, vol.10, 2010.

A. Régis, Fin de vie des personnes âgées. Sept parcours ordinaires pour mieux comprendre les enjeux de la fin de vie en France Rapport 2013, 2013.

, Bury M. Chronic Illness as Biographical Disruption. Sociol Heal Illn, vol.4, issue.2, pp.167-82, 1982.

S. Wong, Treatment Intensity at the End of Life in Older Adults Receiving Longterm Dialysis, JAMA Intern Med, vol.172, issue.8, pp.2012-2016, 2012.

C. Bouleuc, Comment intégrer de manière précoce les soins palliatifs pour les patients atteints de cancer bronchique ? Rev des Mal Respir Actual, pp.539-583, 2015.

F. Murtagh, Symptoms in the Month Before Death for Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Managed Without Dialysis, Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, vol.40, issue.3, pp.342-52, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2010.01.021

F. Murtagh, Trajectories of Illness in Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease: A Longitudinal Study of Patient Symptoms and Concerns in the Last Year of Life, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.6, issue.7, pp.1580-90, 2011.
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.09021010

P. Kimmel, Depression in patients with chronic renal disease, Journal of Psychosomatic Research, vol.53, issue.4, pp.951-957, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-3999(02)00310-0

P. Kimmel, ESRD patient quality of life: symptoms, spiritual beliefs, psychosocial factors, and ethnicity, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol.42, issue.4, pp.713-734, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0272-6386(03)00907-7

S. Davison, End-of-Life Care Preferences and Needs: Perceptions of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.5, issue.2, pp.195-204, 2010.
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.05960809

M. Sellars, An Interview Study of Patient and Caregiver Perspectives on Advance Care Planning in ESRD, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol.71, issue.2, pp.1-9, 2017.
DOI : 10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.07.021

A. Fine, Nephrologists should voluntarily dvulge survival data to potential dialysis patients : a questionnaire study, Perit dial int, vol.25, issue.3, pp.269-73, 2005.

M. Germain, When Enough Is Enough: The Nephrologist's Responsibility in Ordering Dialysis Treatments, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol.58, issue.1, pp.135-178, 2011.
DOI : 10.1053/j.ajkd.2011.03.019

V. Grubbs, System-Level Barriers and Facilitators for Foregoing or Withdrawing Dialysis: A Qualitative Study of Nephrologists in??the??United States and England, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol.70, issue.5, pp.602-612, 2017.
DOI : 10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.12.015

T. Beben, Recognizing Our Limits: Deficiencies in End-of-Life Education for Nephrology Trainees, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol.65, issue.2, pp.209-219, 2015.
DOI : 10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.11.001

S. Combs, Update on End-of-Life Care Training During Nephrology Fellowship: A Cross-sectional National Survey of Fellows, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol.65, issue.2, pp.233-242, 2015.
DOI : 10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.07.018

K. Chong, Infrequent Provision of Palliative Care to Patients with Dialysis-Requiring AKI, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.12, issue.11, pp.1744-52, 2017.
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.00270117

. Loi, N. 303 Du 4 Mars 2002 Relative Aux Droits Des Malades Et À La Qualité Du Système De Santé, 2002.

F. Murtagh, Dialysis or not? A comparative survival study of patients over 75 years with chronic kidney disease stage 5, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, vol.22, issue.7, pp.1955-62, 2007.
DOI : 10.1093/ndt/gfm153

A. Rouveure, Traitement conservateur, h??modialyse ou dialyse p??riton??ale chez le sujet ??g????: le choix du traitement ne modifie pas la survie, N??phrologie & Th??rapeutique, vol.12, issue.1, pp.32-39, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.nephro.2015.07.473

W. Verberne, Comparative Survival among Older Adults with Advanced Kidney Disease Managed Conservatively Versus with Dialysis, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.11, issue.4, pp.633-673, 2016.
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.07510715

S. Chandna, Survival of elderly patients with stage 5 CKD: comparison of conservative management and renal replacement therapy, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, vol.22, issue.5, pp.1608-1622, 2011.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1525-139X.2009.00617.x

R. Carson, Is Maximum Conservative Management an Equivalent Treatment Option to Dialysis for Elderly Patients with Significant Comorbid Disease?, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.4, issue.10, pp.1611-1620, 2009.
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.00510109

F. Murtagh, Supportive Care: Comprehensive Conservative Care in End-Stage Kidney Disease, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.11, issue.10, 2016.
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.04840516

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01900889

O. Connor and N. , Conservative Management of End-Stage Renal Disease without Dialysis: A Systematic Review, Journal of Palliative Medicine, vol.15, issue.2, pp.228-263, 2012.
DOI : 10.1089/jpm.2011.0207

J. Hussain, Comparison of survival analysis and palliative care involvement in patients aged over 70 years choosing conservative management or renal replacement therapy in advanced chronic kidney disease, Palliative Medicine, vol.119, issue.2, pp.829-868, 2013.
DOI : 10.1093/ndt/gfm772

K. Tamura and M. , Functional Status of Elderly Adults before and after Initiation of Dialysis, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.361, issue.16, pp.1539-1586, 2009.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMoa0904655

K. Tamura and M. , Persistent Gaps in Use of Advance Directives Among Nursing Home Residents Receiving Maintenance Dialysis, JAMA Internal Medicine, vol.177, issue.8, p.1204, 2017.
DOI : 10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.1618

M. Feely, Prevalence and Contents of Advance Directives of Patients with ESRD Receiving Dialysis, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.11, issue.12, pp.2204-2213, 2016.
DOI : 10.2215/CJN.12131115

B. Opinion, Les directives anticipées , le regard des Français et des médecins généralistes, 2018.

T. Luckett, Advance Care Planning for Adults With CKD: A Systematic Integrative Review, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol.63, issue.5, pp.761-70, 2014.
DOI : 10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.12.007

S. Davison, The Creation of an Advance Care Planning Process for Patients With ESRD, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol.49, issue.1, pp.27-36, 2007.
DOI : 10.1053/j.ajkd.2006.09.016

K. Detering, The impact of advance care planning on end of life care in elderly patients: randomised controlled trial, BMJ, vol.340, issue.mar23 1, 2010.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.c1345

M. Song, SPIRIT trial: A phase III pragmatic trial of an advance care planning intervention in ESRD, Contemporary Clinical Trials, vol.64, pp.188-94, 2017.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cct.2017.10.005

M. Weber and . Le-savant-et-le-politique, , 2002.

R. Horn, ???I don???t need my patients??? opinion to withdraw treatment???: patient preferences at the end-of-life and physician attitudes towards advance directives in England and France, Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy, vol.59, issue.1, pp.425-460, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.socscimed.2003.10.005

R. Horn, ???Why Should I Question a Patient???s Wish????A Comparative Study on Physicians??? Perspectives on Their Duties to Respect Advance Directives, European Journal of Health Law, vol.24, issue.5, pp.523-563, 2017.
DOI : 10.1163/15718093-12341437