!. En, index!de!perturbations!des!hubs!étaient!fortement!altérés!chez!les!patients! pour! tous! ces! paramètres!:! CI! (? CI =_0,68!;! p<0,0001)! ;! BC! (? BC =_0, pp.76-77

!. Eloc and !. , 71!;!p<0,0001)

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!. La, !. , !. , !. , !. et al., IRMf)! et! simulées!(TVB)!n'était!pas!différente!chez!les!patients!ni!les!témoins!(CI!TVB_IRMf témoins =0,01! ;!p=0,9!;!CI!TVB_IRMf patients =_0,007;!p=0,9)!Il!n'existait!pas!de!relation!significative!entre!la!CI! empirique!et!simulée!, CI!R 2 témoins =0,003!;!p=0

!. La, groupes! (BC! TVB_IRMf témoins =17,3!;! p<0,0001! ;! BC! TVB_ IRMf patients =18,6!;!p<!0,001)

, R 2 patients =0,06!;! p=0,0012)! Les! mBC! entre! patients! et! témoins! n

!. La,

!. Eloc and !. , Eloc! R 2 témoins =0,037!;! p=0,01! ;! Eloc! R 2 patients =0,05!;! p=0,004).! A! nouveau! les! mEloc! entre! patients! et! témoins! n'étaient! pas! différentes! en! IRMf! (IRMf! Eloc témoins! ?! patients =_0

!. Eloc,

!. La, groupes! (Eglob! TVB_fMRI témoins =_0,0172!;! p=0,002! ;! Eglob! TVB_ La!position!relative!du!point!de!travail!par!rapport!au!point!critique!est!donc!conditionnée!en! partie!par!la!valeur!, 2013.

!. Soit and . Le,

!. Un, !. , !. , !. De, !. et al., ! Dans! notre! étude! la! variance! du! signal! BOLD! entre! les! patients! et! les! témoins! n'était! pas! significativement!différente, !!!!!, 2007.

!. Ces, !. , !. , !. , !. et al., ! 2017)! que! la! réorganisation! fonctionnelle! observée! aux! stades! précoces! de! la! SEP! serait! un! processus! bénéfique! pour! limiter! le! handicap! cognitif! secondaire! à! l'atteinte! de! la! substance! blanche.! Cette! réorganisation! précoce, !!!, 2010.

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*. Annexes,

*. Annexe, *. Le, *. Score, and *. Edss-*-!-!,

, ! ;! quatre! majeurs!:!fonction!pyramidale,!fonction!cérébelleuse,!fonction!sensitive!et!fonction!du!tronc! cérébral!;!quatre!mineurs!:!sphincters,!vision,!mental!et!autres

!. Un, !. , !. , and !. ,

, ).! Jusqu'au!niveau!3

!. Examen,

!. Pas and !. Handicap, !signes!minimes!d'un!des!PF!(c'est_à_dire!niveau!1!sauf!PF!mental)

!. Pas and !. Handicap,

!. Handicap, !. , and !. Pf-!,

!. Handicap, !. , !. , and !. Pf-!,

!. Handicap, !. Modéré-!-d-'un, and . Pf-!,

!. Handicap, !. , !. , !. Pf-!-sans-!-problème-!-de-!-déambulation, and !. ,

!. Indépendant and . Debout,

!. Déambulation, ! peut! cependant! avoir! une! limitation! dans! une! activité! complète! ou! réclamer! une! assistance! minimale! ;! handicap! relativement! sévère

!. Aide,

!. Aide and !. ,

!. Incapable, !. , !. , !. , and !. , ! a! parfois! besoin! d'une! aide! pour! le! transfert! ;! peut! faire! avancer! lui_même! son! fauteuil

!. Essentiellement,

!. Confiné, !. , !. , and !. ,

!. Patient, !. , !. , !. , and !. Manger,

!. Patient,

!. Détail,

-. Fonction, !. , and !. ,

!. Normale and !. , ! Perturbée! sans! handicap!;! 2.! Handicap! minimal!;! 3.! Paraparésie! ou! hémiparésie!faible/modérée,!monoparésie!sévère!;!4.!Paraparésie!ou!hémiparésie!marquée,! quadriparésie! modérée,! ou! monoplégie!;! 5.! Paraplégie

!. Normale and !. , ! Perturbée! sans! handicap!;! 2.! Ataxie! débutante!;! 3.! Ataxie! du! tronc! ou! d'un! membre!modérée!;!4.!Ataxie!sévère!touchant!tous!les!membres!;!!5

!. Normale, !. De, and !. , !Nystagmus!modéré!ou!autre! handicap!modéré!;!3.!Nystagmus!sévère,!faiblesse!extra_oculaire!handicap!modéré!d'autres! nerfs!crâniens!;!4.!Dysarthrie!ou!autre!handicap!marqué!;!5

!. Normale and !. , !;!3.!Diminution!modérée!de!la!sensibilité!au!toucher,!à!la! douleur!ou!du!sens!de!la!position

, Rétention!urinaire!légère!ou!rares!mictions!impérieuses!;!2.!Rétention!urinaire! modérée!et!mictions!impérieuses!fréquentes!ou!incontinence!urinaire!rare!;!constipation!ou! épisodes! diarrhéiques!;! 3.! Incontinence! urinaire! fréquente!;! 4.! Nécessité! d'une! cathéterisation!pratiquement!constante!

!. Normale and !. ,

!. Normale and !. , Altération! isolée! de! l'humeur! (n'interfère! pas! avec! le! score! DSS)!;! 2.! Diminution! légère! de! l'idéation!;! 3.! Diminution! modérée! de! l'idéation!;! 4.! Diminution! marquée! de! l'idéation! ("chronic! brain! syndrome"! modéré)!;! 5

!. Pas and !. , altération!;! 1.! Toute! autre! perturbation! neurologique! attribuable! à! la! SEP! (à! spécifier

*. Annexe, *. Atlas, *. , *. Destrieux, and !. Index, Nom'raccourcit' Nom'Complet'' 1! G_and_S_frontomargin! Fronto_marginal!gyrus!(of!Wernicke)!and!sulcus! 2! G_and_S_occipital_inf! Inferior!occipital!gyrus!(O3)!and!sulcus! 3! G_and_S_paracentral! Paracentral!lobule!and!sulcus! 4! G_and_S_subcentral! Subcentral!gyrus!(central!operculum)!and!sulci! 5! G_and_S_transv_frontopol! Transverse!frontopolar!gyri!

!. G_and_s_cingul_mid_ant, !. Middle_anterior, !. , !. , !. et al., ! isthmus! of! the! cingulate! gyrus)! 11! G_cuneus! Cuneus!(O6)! 12! G_front_inf_Opercular! Opercular!part!of!the!inferior!frontal!gyrus! 13! G_front_inf_Orbital! Orbital!part!of!the!inferior!frontal!gyrus! 14! G_front_inf_Triangul! Triangular!part!of!the!inferior!frontal!gyrus! 15! G_front_middle! Middle!frontal!gyrus!(F2)! 16! G_front_sup! Superior!frontal!gyrus!(F1)! 17! G_Ins_lg_and_S_cent_ins! Long!insular!gyrus!and!central!sulcus!of!the!insula! 18! G_insular_short! Short!insular!gyri! 19! G_occipital_middle! Middle!occipital!gyrus!(O2,!lateral!occipital!gyrus)! 20! G_occipital_sup! Superior!occipital!gyrus!(O1)! 21! G_oc_temp_lat_fusifor! Lateral!occipito_temporal!gyrus!(fusiform!gyrus,!O4_T4)! 22! G_oc_temp_med_Lingual! Lingual!gyrus,!ligual!part!of!the!medial!occipito_temporal!gyrus,!(O5)! 23! G_oc_temp_med_Parahip! Parahippocampal!gyrus,!parahippocampal!part!of!the!medial!occipito_temporal! gyrus,!(T5)! 24! G_orbital! Orbital!gyri! 25! G_pariet_inf_Angular! Angular!gyrus! 26! G_pariet_inf_Supramar! Supramarginal!gyrus! 27! G_parietal_sup! Superior!parietal!lobule!(lateral!part!of!P1)! 28! G_postcentral! Postcentral!gyrus! 29! G_precentral! Precentral!gyrus! 30! G_precuneus! Precuneus!(medial!part!of!P1)! 31! G_rectus! Straight!gyrus,!Gyrus!rectus! 32! G_subcallosal! Subcallosal!area,!subcallosal!gyrus! 33! G_temp_sup_G_T_transv! Anterior!transverse!temporal!gyrus!(of!Heschl)! 34! G_temp_sup_Lateral! Lateral!aspect!of!the!superior!temporal!gyrus! 35! G_temp_sup_Plan_polar! Planum!polare!of!the!superior!temporal!gyrus! 36! G_temp_sup_Plan_tempo! Planum!temporale!or!temporal!plane!of!the!superior!temporal!gyrus! 37! G_temporal_inf! Inferior!temporal!gyrus!(T3)! 38! G_temporal_middle! Middle!temporal!gyrus!(T2)! 39! Lat_Fis_ant_Horizont! Horizontal!ramus!of!the!anterior!segment!of!the!lateral!sulcus!(or!fissure)! 40! Lat_Fis_ant_Vertical! Vertical!ramus!of!the!anterior!segment!of!the!lateral!sulcus!(or!fissure)! 41! Lat_Fis_post! Posterior!ramus!(or!segment)!of!the!lateral!sulcus!(or!fissure)! 42! Pole_occipital! Occipital!pole! 43! Pole_temporal! Temporal!pole! 44! S_calcarine! Calcarine!sulcus! 45! S_central! Central!sulcus!(Rolando's!fissure)! 46! S_cingul_Marginalis! Marginal!branch!(or!part)!of!the!cingulate!sulcus! 47! S_circular_insula_ant! Anterior!segment!of!the!circular!sulcus!of!the!insula! 48! S_circular_insula_inf! Inferior!segment!of!the!circular!sulcus!of!the!insula! 49! S_circular_insula_sup! Superior!segment!of!the!circular!sulcus!of!the!insula! 50! S_collat_transv_ant! Anterior!transverse!collateral!sulcus! 51! S_collat_transv_post! Posterior!transverse!collateral!sulcus! 52! S_front_inf! Inferior!frontal!sulcus! 53! S_front_middle! Middle!frontal!sulcus! 54! S_front_sup! Superior!frontal!sulcus! 55! S_interm_prim_Jensen! Sulcus!intermedius!primus!(of!Jensen)! 56! S_intrapariet_and_P_trans! Intraparietal!sulcus!(interparietal!sulcus)

, Schéma!de!la!parcellisation!corticale!selon!l'Atlas!de!Destrieux, p.84

, ADC':!Coefficient!Apparent!de!Diffusion!

, BC

, BOLD!:!Blood!Oxygen!Level!Dependant!

, CI!:! index! de! connectivité!:! correspond! au! nombre! de! connexion! d'un! noeud! CIS':!Syndrome!cliniquement!isolé! DMN':!Default!Mode!Network

, DTI':!Diffusion!Tensor!Imaging!

, EDSS':!Expanded!Disability!Status!Score!

, Eglob':!Efficience!globale!

, Eloc':!Efficience!locale!

, FA':!Fraction!d'Anisotropie! FLAIR':!Fluid!

, FOV':!Field!Of!View! Hub':'noeud!du!réseau!très!connecté

, ICA':!Analyse!en!composantes!indépendantes!!

, IgG

, IRM':!Imagerie!par!Résonnance!Magnétique!

!. Irm-!-fonctionnelle-!-!-?, !index!de!perturbation!des!hubs! ? Eglob':! Indice!de!perturbation!de!l'efficience!globale!des!hubs!! ? Eloc!:! Indice!de!perturbation!de!l'efficience!locale!des!hubs!! ? CI!:! Indice

, MPRAGE':!Magnetization!Prepared!Rapid!Acquisition!Gradient

, MSFC':!MultipleSclerosis!Functional!Composite!! NHPT':!Nine!Hole!Peg!Test!

, ROI':!région!d'intérêt!

S. Spin_echo, !. Echo, !. Planar, and !. Imaging,

, SEP!:!Sclérose!en!Plaques!

S. Sep-!-récurrente and !. Rémittente,

, SEP'SP!:!SEP!secondairement!progressive!

S. Sep-!-primaire,

, SNC':'Système!nerveux!central!

, TE':!temps!d'écho!

, TI':'temps!d'inversion!!

T. !. , !. Tumor, !. Necrosis, !. Factor, and !. Alpha,

, TR':!temps!de!relaxation!