F. Santé-publique, , pp.2014-2016

, WHO | Obesity and overweight

L. Sjöström, Review of the key results from the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) trial-a prospective controlled intervention study of bariatric surgery, Journal of Internal Medicine, vol.273, issue.3, pp.219-253, 2013.

H. Buchwald and D. M. Oien, Metabolic/Bariatric Surgery Worldwide, OBES SURG, 2011.

, Apr, vol.1, issue.4, pp.427-463

X. Nogués, A. Goday, J. Peña, M. Benaiges, D. De-ramón et al., Bone mass loss after sleeve gastrectomy: A prospective comparative study with gastric bypass, vol.88, pp.103-112, 2010.

E. M. Stein, A. Carrelli, P. Young, M. Bucovsky, C. Zhang et al., Bariatric Surgery Results in Cortical Bone Loss, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, vol.98, issue.2, pp.541-550, 2013.

N. Vilarrasa, Effect of bariatric surgery on bone mineral density: comparison of gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy

B. S. Bal, F. C. Finelli, T. R. Shope, and T. R. Koch, Nutritional deficiencies after bariatric surgery

E. W. Yu, M. L. Bouxsein, M. S. Putman, E. L. Monis, A. E. Roy et al., Two-Year Changes in Bone Density After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol.100, issue.4, p.1452, 2015.

B. Ko, S. K. Myung, K. Cho, Y. G. Park, S. G. Kim et al., Relationship Between Bariatric Surgery and Bone Mineral Density: a Meta-analysis, OBES SURG, vol.26, issue.7, pp.1414-1435, 2016.

S. J. Se and S. , Bone loss after bariatric surgery: causes, consequences, and management

N. Vilarrasa, Evaluation of bone mineral density loss in morbidly obese women after gastric bypass: 3-year follow-up

M. A. Bredella, Effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy on bone mineral density and marrow adipose tissue

L. Scibora, Skeletal effects of bariatric surgery: examining bone loss, potential mechanisms and clinical relevance

L. M. Scibora, S. Ikramuddin, H. Buchwald, and M. A. Petit, Examining the Link Between Bariatric Surgery, Bone Loss, and Osteoporosis: a Review of Bone Density Studies, OBES SURG, 2012.

, Apr, vol.1, issue.4, pp.654-67

A. Lalmohamed, Risk of fracture after bariatric surgery in the United Kingdom: population based, retrospective cohort study

A. H. Maghrabi, Two-year outcomes on bone density and fracture incidence in patients with T2DM randomized to bariatric surgery versus intensive medical therapy

W. Vilaca and T. Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes and Bone in Adults

C. Rousseau, S. Jean, P. Gamache, S. Lebel, F. Mac-way et al., Change in fracture risk and fracture pattern after bariatric surgery: nested case-control study, BMJ, vol.354, p.3794, 2016.

I. Reid, Relationships among body mass, its components, and bone

P. S. Coates, J. D. Fernstrom, M. H. Fernstrom, P. R. Schauer, and S. L. Greenspan, Gastric Bypass Surgery for Morbid Obesity Leads to an Increase in Bone Turnover and a Decrease in Bone Mass, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, vol.89, issue.3, pp.1061-1066, 2004.

L. M. Beckman, T. R. Beckman, and C. P. Earthman, Changes in Gastrointestinal Hormones and Leptin after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Procedure: A Review, Journal of the American Dietetic Association, vol.110, issue.4, pp.571-84, 2010.

F. Carrasco, Changes in bone mineral density after sleeve gastrectomy or gastric bypass: relationships with variations in vitamin D, ghrelin, and

C. Muschitz, The Impact of Vitamin D, Calcium, Protein Supplementation, and Physical Exercise on Bone Metabolism After Bariatric Surgery: The BABS Study

D. T. Villareal, L. Fontana, E. P. Weiss, S. B. Racette, K. Steger-may et al., Bone Mineral Density Response to Caloric Restriction-Induced Weight Loss or Exercise-Induced Weight Loss: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Arch Intern Med, vol.166, issue.22, pp.2502-2512, 2006.

L. Aills, J. Blankenship, C. Buffington, M. Furtado, and J. Parrott, ASMBS Allied Health Nutritional Guidelines for the Surgical Weight Loss Patient. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases, vol.4, pp.73-108, 2008.

E. W. Yu, M. L. Bouxsein, A. E. Roy, C. Baldwin, A. Cange et al., Bone Loss After Bariatric Surgery: Discordant Results Between DXA and QCT Bone Density, Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, vol.29, issue.3, pp.542-50, 2014.

L. Campanha-versiani, The Effect of a Muscle Weight-Bearing and Aerobic Exercise Program on the Body Composition, Muscular Strength, Biochemical Markers, and Bone Mass o

M. Raoof, Effect of Gastric Bypass on Bone Mineral Density, Parathyroid Hormone and Vitamin D: 5 Years Follow-up

M. Shah, V. Simha, and A. Garg, Long-Term Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Body Weight, Comorbidities, and Nutritional Status, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, vol.91, issue.11, pp.4223-4254, 2006.

, Public Health France: ESTEBAN study, 2014.

, WHO | Obesity and overweight

L. Sjöström, Review of the key results from the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) trial-a prospective controlled intervention study of bariatric surgery, Journal of Internal Medicine, vol.273, issue.3, pp.219-253, 2013.

H. Buchwald and D. M. Oien, Metabolic/Bariatric Surgery Worldwide, OBES SURG, 2011.

, Apr, vol.1, issue.4, pp.427-463

X. Nogués, A. Goday, J. Peña, M. Benaiges, D. De-ramón et al., Bone mass loss after sleeve gastrectomy: A prospective comparative study with gastric bypass, vol.88, pp.103-112, 2010.

E. M. Stein, A. Carrelli, P. Young, M. Bucovsky, C. Zhang et al., Bariatric Surgery Results in Cortical Bone Loss, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, vol.98, issue.2, pp.541-550, 2013.

N. Vilarrasa, Effect of bariatric surgery on bone mineral density: comparison of gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy

B. S. Bal, F. C. Finelli, T. R. Shope, and T. R. Koch, Nutritional deficiencies after bariatric surgery

E. W. Yu, M. L. Bouxsein, M. S. Putman, E. L. Monis, A. E. Roy et al., Two-Year Changes in Bone Density After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol.100, issue.4, p.1452, 2015.

B. Ko, S. K. Myung, K. Cho, Y. G. Park, S. G. Kim et al., Relationship Between Bariatric Surgery and Bone Mineral Density: a Meta-analysis, OBES SURG, vol.26, issue.7, pp.1414-1435, 2016.

S. J. Se and S. , Bone loss after bariatric surgery: causes, consequences, and management

N. Vilarrasa, Evaluation of bone mineral density loss in morbidly obese women after gastric bypass: 3-year follow-up

M. A. Bredella, Effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy on bone mineral density and marrow adipose tissue

L. Scibora, Skeletal effects of bariatric surgery: examining bone loss, potential mechanisms and clinical relevance

L. M. Scibora, S. Ikramuddin, H. Buchwald, and M. A. Petit, Examining the Link Between Bariatric Surgery, Bone Loss, and Osteoporosis: a Review of Bone Density Studies, OBES SURG, 2012.

, Apr, vol.1, issue.4, pp.654-67

A. Lalmohamed, Risk of fracture after bariatric surgery in the United Kingdom: population based, retrospective cohort study

A. H. Maghrabi, Two-year outcomes on bone density and fracture incidence in patients with T2DM randomized to bariatric surgery versus intensive medical therapy

W. Vilaca and T. Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes and Bone in Adults

C. Rousseau, S. Jean, P. Gamache, S. Lebel, F. Mac-way et al., Change in fracture risk and fracture pattern after bariatric surgery: nested case-control study, BMJ, vol.354, p.3794, 2016.

I. Reid, Relationships among body mass, its components, and bone

P. S. Coates, J. D. Fernstrom, M. H. Fernstrom, P. R. Schauer, and S. L. Greenspan, Gastric Bypass Surgery for Morbid Obesity Leads to an Increase in Bone Turnover and a Decrease in Bone Mass, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, vol.89, issue.3, pp.1061-1066, 2004.

L. M. Beckman, T. R. Beckman, and C. P. Earthman, Changes in Gastrointestinal Hormones and Leptin after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Procedure: A Review, Journal of the American Dietetic Association, vol.110, issue.4, pp.571-84, 2010.

F. Carrasco, Changes in bone mineral density after sleeve gastrectomy or gastric bypass: relationships with variations in vitamin D, ghrelin, and

C. Muschitz, The Impact of Vitamin D, Calcium, Protein Supplementation, and Physical Exercise on Bone Metabolism After Bariatric Surgery: The BABS Study

D. T. Villareal, L. Fontana, E. P. Weiss, S. B. Racette, K. Steger-may et al., Bone Mineral Density Response to Caloric Restriction-Induced Weight Loss or Exercise-Induced Weight Loss: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Arch Intern Med, vol.166, issue.22, pp.2502-2512, 2006.

L. Aills, J. Blankenship, C. Buffington, M. Furtado, and J. Parrott, ASMBS Allied Health Nutritional Guidelines for the Surgical Weight Loss Patient. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases, vol.4, pp.73-108, 2008.

E. W. Yu, M. L. Bouxsein, A. E. Roy, C. Baldwin, A. Cange et al., Bone Loss After Bariatric Surgery: Discordant Results Between DXA and QCT Bone Density, Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, vol.29, issue.3, pp.542-50, 2014.

L. Campanha-versiani, The Effect of a Muscle Weight-Bearing and Aerobic Exercise Program on the Body Composition, Muscular Strength, Biochemical Markers, and Bone Mass o

M. Raoof, Effect of Gastric Bypass on Bone Mineral Density, Parathyroid Hormone and Vitamin D: 5 Years Follow-up

M. Shah, V. Simha, and A. Garg, Long-Term Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Body Weight, Comorbidities, and Nutritional Status, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, vol.91, issue.11, pp.4223-4254, 2006.

N. Sinha, A. Shieh, E. M. Stein, G. Strain, A. Schulman et al., Increased PTH and 1.25(OH)2D Levels Associated With Increased Markers of Bone Turnover Following Bariatric Surgery, Obesity, vol.19, issue.12, p.2388, 2011.

S. Soltani, The effects of weight loss approaches on bone mineral density in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

, WHO | Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)