A. K. Sajnani, Permanent maxillary canines-review of eruption pattern and local etiological factors leading to impaction, Journal of Investigative & Clinical Dentistry. févr, vol.6, issue.1, pp.1-7, 2015.

P. Uribe, M. Ransjö, and A. Westerlund, Clinical predictors of maxillary canine impaction: a novel approach using multivariate analysis, Eur J Orthod. 1 avr, vol.39, issue.2, pp.153-60, 2017.

L. M. Da-silva-santos, L. C. Bastos, C. Oliveira-santos, S. Silva, F. S. Neves et al., Cone-beam computed tomography findings of impacted upper canines, Imaging Science in Dentistry. déc, vol.44, issue.4, pp.287-92, 2014.

S. D. Kapila and J. M. Nervina, CBCT in orthodontics: assessment of treatment outcomes and indications for its use, Dentomaxillofacial Radiology. janv, vol.44, issue.1, pp.1-19, 2015.

S. Ericson and J. Kurol, Resorption of maxillary lateral incisors caused by ectopic eruption of the canines: A clinical and radiographic analysis of predisposing factors, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. 1 déc, vol.94, issue.6, pp.503-516, 1988.

S. E. Bichara, Clinical management of impacted maxillary canines, Semin Orthod, issue.4, pp.87-98, 1998.

S. Ericson and J. Kurol, Radiographic assessment of maxillary canine eruption in children with clinical signs of eruption disturbance, Eur J Orthod, vol.8, pp.133-173, 1986.

A. Becker, P. Smith, and R. Behar, The incidence of anomalous maxillary lateral incisors in relation to palatally-displaced cuspids, Angle Orthod 51, pp.24-33, 1981.

F. ?. Ucar, A. A. Celebi, E. Tan, T. Topcuo?lu, and A. E. Sekerci, Effects of impacted maxillary canines on root resorption of lateral incisors, J Orofac Orthop. 1 mai, vol.78, issue.3, pp.233-273, 2017.

P. S. Grover and L. Lorton, The incidence of unerupted permanent teeth and related clinical cases. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology. 1 avr, vol.59, issue.4, pp.420-425, 1985.

B. Thilander and S. O. Jakobsson, Local factors in impaction of maxillary canines, Acta Odontol Scand, issue.26, pp.145-68, 1968.

A. K. Sajnani and N. M. King, Dental age of children and adolescents with impacted maxillary canines, J Orofac Orthop. 1 sept, vol.73, issue.5, pp.359-64, 2012.

D. Liu, W. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Y. Wu, and X. Ma, Localization of impacted maxillary canines and observation of adjacent incisor resorption with cone-beam computed tomography. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology. 1 janv, vol.105, issue.1, pp.91-99, 2008.

S. Peck, L. Peck, and M. Kataja, The palatally displaced canine as a dental anomaly of genetic origin, Angle Orthod, issue.64, pp.249-56, 1994.

D. G. Garib, M. Lancia, R. M. Kato, T. M. Oliveira, L. T. Neves et al., Risk of developing palatally displaced canines in patients with early detectable dental anomalies: a retrospective cohort study, Journal of Applied Oral Science. déc, vol.24, issue.6, pp.549-54, 2016.

J. H. Warford, R. K. Grandhi, and D. E. Tira, Prediction of maxillary canine impaction using sectors and angular measurement, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. 1 déc, vol.124, issue.6, pp.651-656, 2003.

P. Y. Blanchard, C. Paulus, and F. Saint-pierre, Prise en charge d'une canine incluse: Recommandations de Bonne Pratique. Société Française de Stomatologie, Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale et Chirurgie Orale, 2015.

S. E. Bishara, Impacted maxillary canines: A review, p.13, 1992.

J. C. Fricain, A. G. Bodard, S. Boisramé, S. Cousty, and P. Lesclous, Référentiel internatChirurgie orale, pp.286-288, 2017.

P. Rocher, J. Batard, R. Cavezian, T. Nguyen, B. Salmon et al., Tomographie volumique à faisceau conique, Cone Beam Computed Tomography, vol.2015, pp.5-9

N. Bellaiche, Cone beam pratique en odontostomatologie-Généralités, 2016.

E. Haney, S. A. Gansky, J. S. Lee, J. E. Maki, K. Miller et al., Comparative analysis of traditional radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography volumetric images in the diagnosis and treatment planning of maxillary impacted canines, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. 1 mai, vol.137, issue.5, pp.590-597, 2010.

A. Alqerban, R. Jacobs, S. Fieuws, and G. Willems, Comparison of two cone beam computed tomographic systems versus panoramic imaging for localization of impacted maxillary canines and detection of root resorption, European Journal of Orthodontics. févr, vol.33, issue.1, pp.93-102, 2011.

E. J. Do?ramac?, G. Rossi-fedele, and F. Mcdonald, Clinical importance of incidental findings reported on small-volume dental cone beam computed tomography scans focused on impacted maxillary canine teeth. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology. 1 déc, vol.118, pp.205-214, 2014.

A. Alqerban, R. Jacobs, P. Lambrechts, G. Loozen, and G. Willems, Root resorption of the maxillary lateral incisor caused by impacted canine: a literature review, Clin Oral Invest. 1 sept, vol.13, issue.3, pp.247-55, 2009.

S. Ericson and J. Kurol, Incisor root resorptions due to ectopic maxillary canines imaged by computerized tomography: a comparative study in extracted teeth, Angle Orthod, vol.70, pp.276-83, 2000.

S. Ericson and J. Kurol, Radiographic examination of ectopically erupting maxillary canines, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. 1 juin, vol.91, issue.6, pp.483-92, 1987.

S. Ericson and J. Kurol, Incisor resorption caused by maxillary cuspids. A radiographic study, Angle Orthod, issue.57, pp.332-378, 1987.

L. Walker, R. Enciso, and J. Mah, Three-dimensional localization of maxillary canines with cone-beam computed tomography, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, vol.128, issue.4, pp.418-441, 2005.

R. H. Schindel and S. L. Duffy, Maxillary Transverse Discrepancies and Potentially Impacted Maxillary Canines in Mixed-dentition Patients, The Angle Orthodontist. 1 mai, vol.77, issue.3, pp.430-435, 2007.

Y. Kim, H. K. Hyun, and K. T. Jang, The position of maxillary canine impactions and the influenced factors to adjacent root resorption in the Korean population, Eur J Orthod, vol.34, issue.34, pp.301-307, 2012.

C. S. Lai, M. M. Bornstein, L. Mock, B. M. Heuberger, T. Dietrich et al., Impacted maxillary canines and root resorptions of neighbouring teeth: a radiographic analysis using cone-beam computed tomography, European Journal of Orthodontics. août, vol.35, issue.4, pp.529-567, 2013.

S. J. Lindauer, L. K. Rubenstein, W. M. Hang, W. C. Anderson, and R. J. Isaac-son, Canine impaction identified early with panoramic radiographs, pp.91-98, 1992.
DOI : 10.14219/jada.archive.1992.0069

C. L. Pico, F. V. Do, F. J. Caramelo, A. Corte-real, and S. M. Pereira, Comparative analysis of impacted upper canines: Panoramic radiograph Vs Cone Beam Computed Tomography, J Clin Exp Dent, vol.9, issue.9, pp.1176-82, 2017.

C. S. Lai, V. Suter, C. Katsaros, and M. M. Bornstein, Localization of impacted maxillary canines and root resorption of neighbouring teeth: a study assessing the diagnostic value of panoramic radiographs in two groups of observers, European Journal of Orthodontics. août, vol.36, issue.4, pp.450-456, 2014.

S. Chaushu, K. Kaczor-urbanowicz, M. Zadurska, and A. Becker, Predisposing factors for severe incisor root resorption associated with impacted maxillary canines, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. 1 janv, vol.147, issue.1, pp.52-60, 2015.

S. Ericson, K. Bjerklin, and B. Falahat, Does the canine dental follicle cause resorption of permanent incisor roots? A computed tomographic study of erupting maxillary canines, pp.95-104, 2001.

A. Nagpal, K. Pai, S. Setty, and G. Sharma, Localization of impacted maxillary canines using panoramic radiography, pp.37-45, 2009.

S. Botticelli, C. Verna, P. M. Cattaneo, J. Heidmann, and B. Melsen, Two-versus threedimensional imaging in subjects with unerupted maxillary canines, European Journal of Orthodontics. août, vol.33, issue.4, pp.344-353, 2011.

S. Baechler, P. Monnin, A. Aroua, J. F. Valley, M. Perrier et al., Situation actuelle de l'irradiation du patient en radiologie dentaire, Radioprotection. juill, vol.41, issue.3, pp.333-377, 2006.
DOI : 10.1051/radiopro:2006009

URL : https://www.radioprotection.org/articles/radiopro/pdf/2006/03/rad200525.pdf

W. C. Scarfe, A. G. Farman, and P. Sukovic, Clinical Applications of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Dental Practice, Journal of the Canadian Dental Association. févr, vol.72, issue.1, pp.75-80, 2006.

, En présence des Maîtres de cette Faculté, de mes chers condisciples

, Je promets et je jure, d'être fidèle aux lois de l'honneur et de la probité dans l'exercice de la Médecine Dentaire

, Je donnerai mes soins à l'indigent et n'exigerai jamais un salaire au-dessus de mon travail

, Je ne me laisserai pas influencer par la soif du gain ou la recherche de la gloire

, Admis dans l'intérieur des maisons, mes yeux ne verront pas ce qui s'y passe, ma langue taira les secrets qui me seront confiés et mon état ne servira pas à corrompre les moeurs ni à favoriser le crime

, Je ne permettrai pas que des considérations de religion, de nation, de race, de parti ou de classe sociale viennent s'interposer entre mon devoir et mon patient

, Même sous la menace, je n'admettrai pas de faire usage de mes connaissances médicales contre les lois de l'humanité

, Je ne tromperai jamais leur confiance et n'exploiterai pas le pouvoir hérité des connaissances pour forcer les consciences

, Je n'entreprendrai rien qui dépasse mes compétences. Je les entretiendrai et les perfectionnerai pour assurer au mieux les services qui me seront demandés

, Respectueux et reconnaissant envers mes Maîtres, je rendrai à leurs enfants l'instruction que j'ai reçue de leur père

. Perrier-lucille, Cone Beam Computed Tomography des lésions osseuses et dentaires associées aux canines incluses maxillaires : étude rétrospective

. Th, , 2018.

C. Rubrique-de, Matériels et Méthodes : 42 patients ont été inclus dans cette étude rétrospective, parmi lesquels 33 femmes et 9 hommes, avec une moyenne d'âge de 16,5 ans. À l 'aide de radiographies panoramiques et des CBCT recueillis auprès des patients inclus dans l'étude, ont été étudiées : la localisation (vestibulaire, palatine, mésiale et distale), la hauteur d'inclusion, l'orientation des canines incluses ; les volumes de résorption des dents adjacentes ont été calculés, à l'aide d'un logiciel d'exploitation des images 3D Osirix Lite, Médecine et Chirurgie Orale Résumé : Objectif : L'objectif de cette étude est d'identifier, grâce au CBCT, les lésions osseuses et dentaires associées aux canines incluses maxillaires

, Les canines sont le plus souvent incluses en palatin (60,34% des cas, 58% des cas, il y a une résorption radiculaire des dents adjacentes (69% pour les incisives latérales, 13% pour les incisives centrales et 18% pour les premières prémolaires). D'autres lésions dentaires et osseuses ont été observées

, Le CBCT, de par l'ensemble des images dans les trois dimensions de l'espace qu'il apporte, constitue un outil pertinent dans l'étude des canines incluses maxillaires, Conclusion : De nombreuses découvertes fortuites sont détectées lors de cet examen, notamment les résorptions radiculaires qui représentent les lésions les plus fréquemment rencontrées

, Mots clés : Canine incluse maxillaire-Résorption radiculaire-Cone beam computed tomography-Traitement orthodontiqueTraitement chirurgical

. Perrier-lucille, Materials and Methods: 42 patients were included in this retrospective study (33 women and 9 men), with an average age of 16.5 years. Panoramic radiographs and CBCT collected for each patient were studied: the location (vestibular, palatal, mesial and distal), the height of the inclusion, the orientation of the included canines; the root resorption volumes of adjacent teeth have been calculated, using Osirix Lite (3D imaging software), and every bone and dental lesions visible on CBCTs were identified. Results: We identified 58 maxillary canines in 42 patients. The inclusion of maxillary canines affects women more often (78.57%). Canines are more often impacted in palatal side (60.34% of cases). In 58% of cases, there is a root resorption of adjacent teeth (69% for the lateral incisors, 13% for the central incisors and 18% for the first premolars). Other dental and bone lesions have been observed (follicular sac hypertrophy, Cone Beam Computed Tomography of bone and dental lesions associated with impacted maxillary canines: a retrospective study

, The CBCT brings many informations thanks to its 3D images, and constitutes a relevant tool in the study of the maxillary impacted canines , in order to establish an accurate diagnosis and the most suitable orthodontic, surgical, periodontal

, Key words : Impacted maxillary canine-root resorption-Cone beam computed tomography-Orthodontic treatment