, Cutaneous lymphomas appearing under biologics: 26 cases from the French Study Group on Cutaneous Lymphomas Running title: Cutaneous lymphomas appearing under biologics MANUSCRIPT COUNT: Abstract 250

, J-L Schmutz, vol.7, p.17

C. Ap-hp and . Hospital, Dermatology department, AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, INSERM U1053 Bordeaux Research in translational oncology, vol.3

L. K. Mercer, A. C. Regierer, and X. Mariette, Spectrum of lymphomas across different drug treatment groups in rheumatoid arthritis: a European registries collaborative project, Ann Rheum Dis, vol.76, pp.2025-2055, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01755566

J. M. Gelfand, D. B. Shin, and A. L. Neimann, The risk of lymphoma in patients with psoriasis, J Invest Dermatol, vol.126, pp.2194-201, 2006.

M. Chang, L. Chang, H. M. Chang, and F. Chang, Intestinal and Extraintestinal Cancers Associated With Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Clin Colorectal Cancer, 2017.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clcc.2017.06.009

URL : http://www.clinical-colorectal-cancer.com/article/S1533002817301524/pdf

M. Lemaitre, J. Kirchgesner, and A. Rudnichi, Association Between Use of Thiopurines or Tumor Necrosis Factor Antagonists Alone or in Combination and Risk of Lymphoma in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease, JAMA, vol.318, pp.1679-86, 2017.

R. G. Pomerantz, L. S. Campbell, D. M. Jukic, and L. J. Geskin, Posttransplant cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: case reports and review of the association of calcineurin inhibitor use with posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease risk, Arch Dermatol, vol.146, pp.513-519, 2010.

M. E. Martinez-escala, A. L. Posligua, and H. Wickless, Progression of undiagnosed cutaneous lymphoma after anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy, J Am Acad Dermatol, vol.78, pp.1068-1076, 2018.

V. Nikolaou, E. Papadavid, and A. Economidi, Mycosis fungoides in the era of antitumour necrosis factor-?treatments, Br J Dermatol, vol.173, pp.590-593, 2015.

N. Jinno, Y. Yamana, M. Kawashima, and Y. Tsunemi, Mycosis fungoides with psoriasiform lesions, J Dermatol, vol.42, pp.227-236, 2015.
DOI : 10.1111/1346-8138.12749

S. Doukaki, M. Aricò, and M. R. Bongiorno, A Rare Presentation of Mycosis Fungoides Mimicking Psoriasis Vulgaris, Case Rep Dermatol, vol.1, issue.1, pp.60-65, 2009.

D. Papathemeli, E. Georgiou, and T. Koletsa, Mycosis fungoides in patients with psoriasis: an ongoing issue, Eur J Dermatol, vol.28, pp.235-236, 2018.

V. Nikolaou, L. Marinos, and E. Moustou, Psoriasis in patients with mycosis fungoides: a clinicopathological study of 25 patients, J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, vol.31, pp.1848-1852, 2017.

J. M. Donigan, C. Snowden, J. B. Carter, and A. B. Kimball, The temporal association between cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and psoriasis: implications for common biologic processes, J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, vol.30, pp.31-33, 2016.

R. Willemze, E. S. Jaffe, G. Burg, L. Cerroni, B. E. Swerdlow et al., WHO-EORTC classification for cutaneous lymphomas, Blood, vol.105, issue.10, pp.3768-85, 2005.
DOI : 10.1182/blood-2004-09-3502

URL : https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/566817/2/3768.full.pdf

R. A. Wilcox, Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: 2017 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management, Am J Hematol, vol.92, issue.10, pp.1085-102, 2017.
DOI : 10.1002/ajh.24876

URL : https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ajh.24876

M. M. Morales-suárez-varela, J. Olsen, P. Johansen, L. Kaerlev, P. Guénel et al., Occupational exposures and mycosis fungoides. A European multicentre case-control study (Europe). Cancer Causes Control CCC, vol.16, pp.1253-1262, 2005.

Y. Wohl and E. Tur, Environmental risk factors for mycosis fungoides, Curr Probl Dermatol, vol.35, pp.52-64, 2007.

A. B. Fischmann, P. A. Bunn, J. G. Guccion, M. J. Matthews, and J. D. Minna, Exposure to chemicals, physical agents, and biologic agents in mycosis fungoides and the Sézary syndrome, Cancer Treat Rep, vol.63, issue.4, pp.591-597, 1979.

C. M. Magro, A. N. Crowson, A. J. Kovatich, and F. Burns, Drug-induced reversible lymphoid dyscrasia: a clonal lymphomatoid dermatitis of memory and activated T cells, Hum Pathol, vol.34, issue.2, pp.119-148, 2003.

R. R. Jahan-tigh, A. O. Huen, G. L. Lee, J. V. Pozadzides, P. Liu et al., Hydrochlorothiazide and cutaneous T cell lymphoma: prospective analysis and case series, Cancer, vol.119, issue.4, pp.825-856, 2013.
DOI : 10.1002/cncr.27740

S. Shimizu, D. Inokuma, J. Murata, K. Kikuchi, T. Ito et al., Cutaneous manifestations of methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disorders: report of two cases and a review of the literature, Acta Derm Venereol, vol.95, issue.3, pp.366-373, 2015.

A. A. Gru and E. S. Jaffe, Cutaneous EBV-related lymphoproliferative disorders, Semin Diagn Pathol, vol.34, issue.1, pp.60-75, 2017.
DOI : 10.1053/j.semdp.2016.11.003

URL : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6340146

A. Bazarbachi, V. Soriano, R. Pawson, A. Vallejo, T. Moudgil et al., Mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome are not associated with HTLV-I infection: an international study, Br J Haematol, vol.98, issue.4, pp.927-960, 1997.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2141.1997.3213138.x

L. Cerroni, N. Zöchling, B. Pütz, and H. Kerl, Infection by Borrelia burgdorferi and cutaneous B-cell lymphoma, J Cutan Pathol, vol.24, issue.8, pp.457-61, 1997.

D. Seçkin, S. Barete, S. Euvrard, C. Francès, J. Kanitakis et al., Primary cutaneous posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders in solid organ transplant recipients: a multicenter European case series, Am J Transplant Off J Am Soc Transplant Am Soc Transpl Surg, vol.13, issue.8, pp.2146-53, 2013.

T. W. Chang, A. L. Weaver, T. D. Shanafelt, T. M. Habermann, C. C. Wriston et al., Risk of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Int J Dermatol, vol.56, issue.11, pp.1125-1134, 2017.

A. Barzilai, H. Trau, M. David, M. Feinmesser, R. Bergman et al., Mycosis fungoides associated with B-cell malignancies, Br J Dermatol, vol.155, issue.2, pp.379-86, 2006.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07346.x

R. Willemze, H. Kerl, W. Sterry, B. E. Cerroni, L. Chimenti et al., EORTC classification for primary cutaneous lymphomas: a proposal from the Cutaneous Lymphoma Study Group of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Blood, vol.90, issue.1, pp.354-71, 1997.

E. Campo, S. H. Swerdlow, N. L. Harris, S. Pileri, H. Stein et al., The 2008 WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms and beyond: evolving concepts and practical applications, Blood, vol.117, pp.5019-5051, 2011.

S. H. Swerdlow, E. Campo, S. A. Pileri, N. L. Harris, H. Stein et al., The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms, Blood, vol.127, issue.20, pp.2375-90, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01800015

E. Olsen, E. Vonderheid, N. Pimpinelli, R. Willemze, Y. Kim et al., Revisions to the staging and classification of mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome: a proposal of the International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas (ISCL) and the cutaneous lymphoma task force of the European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Blood, vol.110, pp.1713-1735, 2007.

Y. H. Kim, R. Willemze, N. Pimpinelli, S. Whittaker, E. A. Olsen et al., TNM classification system for primary cutaneous lymphomas other than mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome: a proposal of the International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas (ISCL) and the Cutaneous Lymphoma Task Force of the European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Blood, vol.110, pp.479-84, 2007.

H. S. Zackheim and T. H. Mccalmont, Mycosis fungoides: the great imitator, J Am Acad Dermatol, vol.47, issue.6, pp.914-922, 2002.

B. Vergier, M. Beylot-barry, C. Beylot, A. De-mascarel, M. Delaunay et al., Pilotropic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma without mucinosis. A variant of mycosis fungoides? French Study Group of Cutaneous Lymphomas, Arch Dermatol, vol.132, issue.6, pp.683-690, 1996.
DOI : 10.1001/archderm.1996.03890300111015

J. S. Lehman, R. H. Cook-norris, B. R. Weed, R. H. Weenig, L. E. Gibson et al., Folliculotropic mycosis fungoides: single-center study and systematic review, Arch Dermatol, vol.146, issue.6, pp.607-620, 2010.

R. Willemze, Mycosis fungoides variants-clinicopathologic features, differential diagnosis, and treatment, Semin Cutan Med Surg, vol.37, issue.1, pp.11-18, 2018.
DOI : 10.12788/j.sder.2018.004

E. Hodak, I. Amitay-laish, M. Feinmesser, B. Davidovici, M. David et al., Juvenile mycosis fungoides: cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with frequent follicular involvement, J Am Acad Dermatol, vol.70, issue.6, pp.993-1001, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jaad.2013.12.029

G. Burg, W. Kempf, A. Cozzio, J. Feit, R. Willemze et al., WHO/EORTC classification of cutaneous lymphomas 2005: histological and molecular aspects, J Cutan Pathol, vol.32, issue.10, pp.647-74, 2005.
DOI : 10.1111/j.0303-6987.2005.00495.x

B. Vergier, A. De-muret, M. Beylot-barry, L. Vaillant, D. Ekouevi et al., Transformation of mycosis fungoides: clinicopathological and prognostic features of 45 cases. French Study Group of Cutaneious Lymphomas, Blood, vol.95, issue.7, pp.2212-2220, 2000.

M. F. Benner, P. M. Jansen, M. H. Vermeer, and R. Willemze, Prognostic factors in transformed mycosis fungoides: a retrospective analysis of 100 cases, Blood, vol.119, issue.7, pp.1643-1652, 2012.

A. Fauconneau, A. Pham-ledard, D. Cappellen, E. Frison, M. Prochazkova-carlotti et al., Assessment of diagnostic criteria between primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma and CD30-rich transformed mycosis fungoides; a study of 66 cases, Br J Dermatol, vol.172, issue.6, pp.1547-54, 2015.

N. Ortonne, L. Gouvello, S. Mansour, H. Poillet, C. Martin et al.,

, CD158K/KIR3DL2 transcript detection in lesional skin of patients with erythroderma is a tool for the diagnosis of Sézary syndrome, J Invest Dermatol, vol.128, issue.2, pp.465-72, 2008.

J. J. Scarisbrick, E. Hodak, M. Bagot, R. Stranzenbach, R. Stadler et al., Blood classification and blood response criteria in mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome using flow cytometry: recommendations from the EORTC cutaneous lymphoma task force, Eur J Cancer Oxf Engl, vol.93, pp.47-56, 1990.

R. Ponti, P. Quaglino, M. Novelli, M. T. Fierro, A. Comessatti et al., T-cell receptor gamma gene rearrangement by multiplex polymerase chain reaction/heteroduplex analysis in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome) and benign inflammatory disease: correlation with clinical, histological and immunophenotypical findings, Br J Dermatol, vol.153, issue.3, pp.565-73, 2005.

M. Beylot-barry, V. Sibaud, R. Thiebaut, B. Vergier, C. Beylot et al., Evidence that an identical T cell clone in skin and peripheral blood lymphocytes is an independent prognostic factor in primary cutaneous T cell lymphomas, J Invest Dermatol, vol.117, issue.4, pp.920-926, 2001.

M. H. Delfau-larue, L. Laroche, J. Wechsler, E. Lepage, C. Lahet et al., Diagnostic value of dominant T-cell clones in peripheral blood in 363 patients presenting consecutively with a clinical suspicion of cutaneous lymphoma, Blood, vol.96, issue.9, pp.2987-92, 2000.

B. Vergier, M. Beylot-barry, K. Pulford, P. Michel, J. Bosq et al., Statistical evaluation of diagnostic and prognostic features of CD30+ cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders: a clinicopathologic study of 65 cases, Am J Surg Pathol, vol.22, issue.10, pp.1192-202, 1998.

W. Kempf, K. Pfaltz, M. H. Vermeer, A. Cozzio, P. L. Ortiz-romero et al., ISCL, and USCLC consensus recommendations for the treatment of primary cutaneous CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders: lymphomatoid papulosis and primary cutaneous anaplastic largecell lymphoma, Blood, vol.118, issue.15, pp.4024-4059, 2011.

R. Willemze, P. M. Jansen, L. Cerroni, B. E. Santucci, M. Assaf et al., Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma: definition, classification, and prognostic factors: an EORTC Cutaneous Lymphoma Group Study of 83 cases, Blood, vol.111, issue.2, pp.838-883, 2008.

D. Michonneau, T. Petrella, N. Ortonne, S. Ingen-housz-oro, N. Franck et al., Subcutaneous Panniculitis-like T-cell Lymphoma: Immunosuppressive Drugs Induce Better Response than Polychemotherapy, Acta Derm Venereol, vol.97, issue.3, pp.358-64, 2017.
DOI : 10.2340/00015555-2543

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01516926

M. Battistella, M. Beylot-barry, H. Bachelez, J. Rivet, B. Vergier et al., Primary cutaneous follicular helper T-cell lymphoma: a new subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma reported in a series of 5 cases, Arch Dermatol, vol.148, issue.7, pp.832-841, 2012.

J. Y. Wang, G. H. Nguyen, J. Ruan, and C. M. Magro, Primary Cutaneous Follicular Helper T-Cell Lymphoma: A Case Series and Review of the Literature, Am J Dermatopathol, vol.39, issue.5, pp.374-83, 2017.

E. Berti, D. Tomasini, M. H. Vermeer, C. J. Meijer, E. Alessi et al., Primary cutaneous CD8-positive epidermotropic cytotoxic T cell lymphomas. A distinct clinicopathological entity with an aggressive clinical behavior, Am J Pathol, vol.155, issue.2, pp.483-92, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)65144-9

A. Robson, C. Assaf, M. Bagot, G. Burg, E. Calonje et al., Aggressive epidermotropic cutaneous CD8+ lymphoma: a cutaneous lymphoma with distinct clinical and pathological features, Histopathology, vol.67, issue.4, pp.425-466, 2015.

J. Kluk, A. Kai, D. Koch, S. M. Taibjee, S. O'connor et al., Indolent CD8-positive lymphoid proliferation of acral sites: three further cases of a rare entity and an update on a unique patient, J Cutan Pathol, vol.43, issue.2, pp.125-161, 2016.

B. L. Swick, C. L. Baum, A. P. Venkat, and V. Liu, Indolent CD8+ lymphoid proliferation of the ear: report of two cases and review of the literature, J Cutan Pathol, vol.38, issue.2, pp.209-224, 2011.

N. J. Senff, E. M. Noordijk, Y. H. Kim, M. Bagot, B. E. Cerroni et al., European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and International Society for Cutaneous Lymphoma consensus recommendations for the management of cutaneous B-cell lymphomas, Blood, 2008.

, Sep, vol.1, issue.5, pp.1600-1609

N. J. Senff, J. J. Hoefnagel, P. M. Jansen, M. H. Vermeer, J. Van-baarlen et al., Reclassification of 300 primary cutaneous B-Cell lymphomas according to the new WHO-EORTC classification for cutaneous lymphomas: comparison with previous classifications and identification of prognostic markers, J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol, vol.25, issue.12, pp.1581-1588, 2007.

F. Grange, M. W. Bekkenk, J. Wechsler, C. J. Meijer, L. Cerroni et al., Prognostic factors in primary cutaneous large B-cell lymphomas: a European multicenter study, J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol, vol.19, issue.16, pp.3602-3612, 2001.

F. Grange, M. Beylot-barry, P. Courville, E. Maubec, M. Bagot et al., Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type: clinicopathologic features and prognostic analysis in 60 cases, Arch Dermatol, vol.143, issue.9, pp.1144-50, 2007.

S. Menguy, A. Gros, A. Pham-ledard, M. Battistella, N. Ortonne et al., MYD88 Somatic Mutation Is a Diagnostic Criterion in Primary Cutaneous Large B-Cell Lymphoma, J Invest Dermatol, vol.136, issue.8, pp.1741-1745, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01321411

O. Servitje, C. Muniesa, Y. Benavente, V. Monsálvez, M. P. Garcia-muret et al., Primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphoma: response to treatment and disease-free survival in a series of 137 patients, J Am Acad Dermatol, vol.69, issue.3, pp.357-65, 2013.

D. Terhorst, D. S. Mestel, D. Humme, W. Sterry, and M. Beyer, Evaluation of different methods in the follow-up of patients with indolent types of primary cutaneous lymphomas, Br J Dermatol, vol.166, issue.6, pp.1295-300, 2012.

A. Balato, E. Scala, N. Balato, G. Caiazzo, D. Caprio et al., Biologics that inhibit the Th17 pathway and related cytokines to treat inflammatory disorders, Expert Opin Biol Ther, vol.17, issue.11, pp.1363-74, 2017.

D. Tracey, L. Klareskog, E. H. Sasso, J. G. Salfeld, and P. P. Tak, Tumor necrosis factor antagonist mechanisms of action: a comprehensive review, Pharmacol Ther, vol.117, issue.2, pp.244-79, 2008.

T. Takeuchi, Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with biological agents -as a typical and common immune-mediated inflammatory disease, Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci, vol.93, issue.8, pp.600-608, 2017.

S. K. Mahil, F. Capon, and J. N. Barker, Update on psoriasis immunopathogenesis and targeted immunotherapy, Semin Immunopathol, vol.38, pp.11-27, 2016.
DOI : 10.1007/s00281-015-0539-8

URL : http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4706579?pdf=render

D. H. Kim and J. H. Cheon, Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Recent Advances in Biologic Therapies, Immune Netw, vol.17, issue.1, pp.25-40, 2017.

L. Gossec, J. S. Smolen, R. S. De-wit, M. Cutolo, M. Dougados et al., European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) recommendations for the management of psoriatic arthritis with pharmacological therapies: 2015 update, Ann Rheum Dis, vol.75, issue.3, pp.499-510, 2016.

M. Harbord, R. Eliakim, D. Bettenworth, K. Karmiris, K. Katsanos et al., Third European Evidence-based Consensus on Diagnosis and Management of Ulcerative Colitis. Part 2: Current Management, J Crohns Colitis, vol.11, issue.7, pp.769-84, 2017.

F. Gomollón, A. Dignass, V. Annese, H. Tilg, G. Van-assche et al., 3rd European Evidence-based Consensus on the Diagnosis and Management of Crohn's Disease 2016: Part 1: Diagnosis and Medical Management, J Crohns Colitis, vol.11, issue.1, pp.3-25, 2017.

J. S. Smolen, R. Landewé, J. Bijlsma, G. Burmester, K. Chatzidionysiou et al., EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2016 update, Ann Rheum Dis, vol.76, issue.6, pp.960-77, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01778213

K. A. Papp, J. F. Merola, A. B. Gottlieb, C. Griffiths, N. Cross et al., Dual neutralization of both IL-17A and IL-17F with bimekizumab in patients with psoriasis: results from BE ABLE 1, a 12-week randomized, double-blinded placebo-controlled phase 2b trial, J Am Acad Dermatol, 2018.

E. B. Lee, M. Amin, T. Bhutani, and J. J. Wu, Emerging therapies in psoriasis: a systematic review, Cutis, vol.101, issue.3S, pp.5-9, 2018.

J. Braun, X. Baraliakos, A. Deodhar, D. Baeten, J. Sieper et al., Effect of secukinumab on clinical and radiographic outcomes in ankylosing spondylitis: 2-year results from the randomised phase III MEASURE 1 study, Ann Rheum Dis, vol.76, issue.6, pp.1070-1077, 2017.

J. Sieper, A. Deodhar, H. Marzo-ortega, J. A. Aelion, R. Blanco et al., Secukinumab efficacy in anti-TNF-naive and anti-TNF-experienced subjects with active ankylosing spondylitis: results from the MEASURE 2 Study, Ann Rheum Dis, vol.76, issue.3, pp.571-92, 2017.

A. B. Kimball, T. Luger, A. Gottlieb, L. Puig, R. Kaufmann et al., Long-term Impact of Ixekizumab on Psoriasis Itch Severity: Results from a Phase III Clinical Trial and Long-term Extension, Acta Derm Venereol, vol.98, issue.1, pp.98-102, 2018.

M. Teng, E. P. Bowman, J. J. Mcelwee, M. J. Smyth, J. Casanova et al., IL-12 and IL-23 cytokines: from discovery to targeted therapies for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, Nat Med, vol.21, issue.7, pp.719-748, 2015.

A. Blauvelt, K. A. Papp, C. Griffiths, B. Randazzo, Y. Wasfi et al., Efficacy and safety of guselkumab, an anti-interleukin-23 monoclonal antibody, compared with adalimumab for the continuous treatment of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis: Results from the phase III, double-blinded, placebo-and active comparator-controlled VOYAGE 1 trial, J Am Acad Dermatol, vol.76, issue.3, pp.405-422, 2017.

A. Blauvelt, K. Reich, K. A. Papp, A. B. Kimball, M. Gooderham et al., Safety of Tildrakizumab for Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis: Pooled Analysis of Three Randomised Controlled Trials, Br J Dermatol, 2009.

C. A. Dinarello and J. Van-der-meer, Treating inflammation by blocking interleukin-1 in humans, Semin Immunol, vol.25, issue.6, pp.469-84, 2013.

Q. Guo, Y. Wang, D. Xu, J. Nossent, N. J. Pavlos et al., Rheumatoid arthritis: pathological mechanisms and modern pharmacologic therapies, Bone Res, 2018.

, Anti-integrin therapy for inflammatory bowel disease, World J Gastroenterol, vol.6, issue.17, pp.1868-80, 2018.

J. Carrascosa, I. Jacobs, D. Petersel, and R. Strohal, Biosimilar Drugs for Psoriasis: Principles, Present, and Near Future, Dermatol Ther, 2018.

R. Moots, V. Azevedo, J. L. Coindreau, T. Dörner, E. Mahgoub et al., Switching Between Reference Biologics and Biosimilars for the Treatment of Rheumatology, Gastroenterology, and Dermatology Inflammatory Conditions: Considerations for the Clinician, Curr Rheumatol Rep, vol.19, issue.6, p.37, 2017.

R. J. Moore, D. M. Owens, G. Stamp, C. Arnott, F. Burke et al., Mice deficient in tumor necrosis factor-alpha are resistant to skin carcinogenesis, Nat Med, vol.5, issue.7, pp.828-859, 1999.

A. M. Waterston, F. Salway, E. Andreakos, D. M. Butler, M. Feldmann et al., TNF autovaccination induces self anti-TNF antibodies and inhibits metastasis in a murine melanoma model, Br J Cancer, vol.90, issue.6, pp.1279-84, 2004.

N. Larmonier, D. Cathelin, C. Larmonier, A. Nicolas, D. Merino et al., The inhibition of TNF-alpha anti-tumoral properties by blocking antibodies promotes tumor growth in a rat model, Exp Cell Res, vol.313, issue.11, pp.2345-55, 2007.

T. Bongartz, A. J. Sutton, M. J. Sweeting, I. Buchan, E. L. Matteson et al., Anti-TNF antibody therapy in rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of serious infections and malignancies: systematic review and meta-analysis of rare harmful effects in randomized controlled trials, JAMA, vol.295, pp.2275-85, 2006.

G. R. Burmester, R. Panaccione, K. B. Gordon, M. J. Mcilraith, and A. Lacerda, Adalimumab: longterm safety in 23 458 patients from global clinical trials in rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, psoriasis and Crohn's disease, Ann Rheum Dis, vol.72, issue.4, pp.517-541, 2013.

J. Askling, K. Fahrbach, B. Nordstrom, S. Ross, C. H. Schmid et al., Cancer risk with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) inhibitors: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab using patient level data, Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf, vol.20, issue.2, pp.119-149, 2011.

P. Le-blay, G. Mouterde, T. Barnetche, J. Morel, and B. Combe, Short-term risk of total malignancy and nonmelanoma skin cancers with certolizumab and golimumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials, J Rheumatol, vol.39, issue.4, pp.712-717, 2012.

Y. Liu, W. Fan, H. Chen, and M. Yu, Risk of breast cancer and total malignancies in rheumatoid arthritis patients undergoing TNF-? antagonist therapy: a meta-analysis of randomized control trials, Asian Pac J Cancer Prev APJCP, vol.15, issue.8, pp.3403-3413, 2014.

J. A. Singh, A. Hossain, T. Ghogomu, E. Kotb, A. Christensen et al., Biologics or tofacitinib for rheumatoid arthritis in incomplete responders to methotrexate or other traditional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs: a systematic review and network metaanalysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, p.12183, 2016.

X. Mariette, M. Matucci-cerinic, K. Pavelka, P. Taylor, R. Van-vollenhoven et al., Malignancies associated with tumour necrosis factor inhibitors in registries and prospective observational studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Ann Rheum Dis, vol.70, issue.11, pp.1895-904, 2011.

N. Andersen, N. Pasternak, B. Basit, S. Andersson, M. Svanström et al., Association between tumor necrosis factor-? antagonists and risk of cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, JAMA, vol.311, issue.23, pp.2406-2419, 2014.

S. Bonovas, S. Minozzi, T. Lytras, M. González-lorenzo, V. Pecoraro et al., Risk of malignancies using anti-TNF agents in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Expert Opin Drug Saf, vol.15, issue.sup1, pp.35-54, 2016.

E. Peleva, L. S. Exton, K. Kelley, K. J. Mason, and C. H. Smith, Risk of Cancer in Patients with Psoriasis on Biologic Therapies: A Systematic Review, Br J Dermatol, 2017.

K. A. Papp, C. Griffiths, K. Gordon, M. Lebwohl, P. O. Szapary et al., Long-term safety of ustekinumab in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis: final results from 5 years of followup, Br J Dermatol, vol.168, issue.4, pp.844-54, 2013.

R. G. Langley, M. Lebwohl, G. G. Krueger, P. O. Szapary, Y. Wasfi et al., Long-term efficacy and safety of ustekinumab, with and without dosing adjustment, in patients with moderate-tosevere psoriasis: results from the PHOENIX 2 study through 5 years of follow-up, Br J Dermatol, vol.172, issue.5, pp.1371-83, 2015.

A. Amiot, M. Serrero, L. Peyrin-biroulet, J. Filippi, B. Pariente et al., One-year effectiveness and safety of vedolizumab therapy for inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective multicentre cohort study, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, vol.46, issue.3, pp.310-331, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01639670

P. Van-lümig, S. P. Menting, J. Van-den-reek, P. I. Spuls, P. Van-riel et al., An increased risk of non-melanoma skin cancer during TNF-inhibitor treatment in psoriasis patients compared to rheumatoid arthritis patients probably relates to disease-related factors, J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol JEADV, vol.29, issue.4, pp.752-60, 2015.

P. Raaschou, J. F. Simard, M. Holmqvist, J. Askling, . Artis-study et al., Rheumatoid arthritis, anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy, and risk of malignant melanoma: nationwide population based prospective cohort study from Sweden, BMJ, vol.346, p.1939, 2013.

E. Lázár-molnár, H. Hegyesi, S. Tóth, and A. Falus, Autocrine and paracrine regulation by cytokines and growth factors in melanoma, Cytokine, vol.12, issue.6, pp.547-54, 2000.

M. A. Hofmann, F. Kiecker, I. Küchler, C. Kors, and U. Trefzer, Serum TNF-?, B2M and sIL-2R levels are biological correlates of outcome in adjuvant IFN-?2b treatment of patients with melanoma, J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, vol.137, issue.3, pp.455-62, 2011.

H. J. Hoekstra, K. Veerman, and R. J. Van-ginkel, Isolated limb perfusion for in-transit melanoma metastases: melphalan or TNF-melphalan perfusion?, J Surg Oncol, vol.109, issue.4, pp.338-385, 2014.
DOI : 10.1002/jso.23552

J. P. Deroose, A. M. Eggermont, A. N. Van-geel, and C. Verhoef, Isolated limb perfusion for melanoma intransit metastases: developments in recent years and the role of tumor necrosis factor alpha, Curr Opin Oncol, vol.23, issue.2, pp.183-191, 2011.

L. K. Mercer, J. Askling, P. Raaschou, W. G. Dixon, L. Dreyer et al., Risk of invasive melanoma in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with biologics: results from a collaborative project of 11 European biologic registers, Ann Rheum Dis, vol.76, issue.2, pp.386-91, 2017.

D. Fiorentino, V. Ho, M. G. Lebwohl, L. Leite, L. Hopkins et al., Risk of malignancy with systemic psoriasis treatment in the Psoriasis Longitudinal Assessment Registry, J Am Acad Dermatol, vol.77, issue.5, pp.845-854, 2017.

R. Bissonnette, T. Luger, D. Thaçi, D. Toth, A. Lacombe et al., Secukinumab demonstrates high sustained efficacy and a favourable safety profile in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis through 5 years of treatment (SCULPTURE Extension Study), J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol JEADV, 2018.

A. Rubbert-roth, A. Sebba, L. Brockwell, A. Kelman, B. Porter-brown et al., Malignancy rates in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with tocilizumab, RMD Open, vol.2, issue.1, p.213, 2016.
DOI : 10.1136/rmdopen-2015-000213

URL : https://rmdopen.bmj.com/content/rmdopen/2/1/e000213.full.pdf

D. M. Weinreich, D. M. Elaraj, M. Puhlmann, S. M. Hewitt, N. M. Carroll et al., Effect of interleukin 1 receptor antagonist gene transduction on human melanoma xenografts in nude mice, Cancer Res, vol.63, issue.18, pp.5957-61, 2003.

D. Wendling and F. Aubin, Metastatic malignant melanoma in a patient taking interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. Jt Bone Spine Rev Rhum, vol.73, pp.333-337, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00465305

X. Mariette, F. Tubach, H. Bagheri, M. Bardet, J. Berthelot et al., Lymphoma in patients treated with anti-TNF: results of the 3-year prospective French RATIO registry, Ann Rheum Dis, vol.69, issue.2, pp.400-408, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00456934

L. K. Mercer, A. C. Regierer, M. X. Dixon, W. G. Baecklund, E. Hellgren et al., Spectrum of lymphomas across different drug treatment groups in rheumatoid arthritis: a European registries collaborative project, Ann Rheum Dis, vol.76, issue.12, pp.2025-2055, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01755566

M. Harigai, T. Nanki, R. Koike, M. Tanaka, K. Watanabe-imai et al., Risk for malignancy in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs compared to the general population: A nationwide cohort study in Japan, Mod Rheumatol, vol.26, issue.5, pp.642-50, 2016.

C. L. Morgan, P. Emery, D. Porter, A. Reynolds, A. Young et al., Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with etanercept with reference to disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs: long-term safety and survival using prospective, observational data, Rheumatol Oxf Engl, vol.53, issue.1, pp.186-94, 2014.

P. Deepak, H. Sifuentes, M. Sherid, D. Stobaugh, Y. Sadozai et al., T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas reported to the FDA AERS with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?) inhibitors: results of the REFURBISH study, Am J Gastroenterol, vol.108, issue.1, pp.99-105, 2013.

A. Blauvelt, Safety of secukinumab in the treatment of psoriasis, Expert Opin Drug Saf, vol.15, issue.10, pp.1413-1433, 2016.

P. Van-de-kerkhof, C. Griffiths, K. Reich, C. L. Leonardi, A. Blauvelt et al., Secukinumab long-term safety experience: A pooled analysis of 10 phase II and III clinical studies in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, J Am Acad Dermatol, vol.75, issue.1, pp.83-98, 2016.

M. E. Weinblatt, L. W. Moreland, R. Westhovens, R. B. Cohen, S. M. Kelly et al., Safety of abatacept administered intravenously in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: integrated analyses of up to 8 years of treatment from the abatacept clinical trial program, J Rheumatol, vol.40, issue.6, pp.787-97, 2013.

A. Rubbert-roth, Assessing the safety of biologic agents in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, Rheumatol Oxf Engl, vol.51, issue.5, pp.38-47, 2012.

B. G. Feagan, P. Rutgeerts, B. E. Sands, S. Hanauer, J. Colombel et al., Vedolizumab as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis, N Engl J Med, vol.369, issue.8, pp.699-710, 2013.
DOI : 10.1056/nejmoa1215734

W. J. Sandborn, B. G. Feagan, P. Rutgeerts, S. Hanauer, J. Colombel et al., Vedolizumab as induction and maintenance therapy for Crohn's disease, N Engl J Med, vol.369, issue.8, pp.711-732, 2013.
DOI : 10.1056/nejmoa1215739

URL : https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_17E994FDC987.P001/REF.pdf

K. Hellgren, L. Dreyer, E. V. Arkema, B. Glintborg, L. Jacobsson et al., Cancer risk in patients with spondyloarthritis treated with TNF inhibitors: a collaborative study from the ARTIS and DANBIO registers, Ann Rheum Dis, vol.76, issue.1, pp.105-116, 2017.

J. Kay, R. Fleischmann, E. Keystone, E. C. Hsia, B. Hsu et al., Golimumab 3-year safety update: an analysis of pooled data from the long-term extensions of randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials conducted in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis, Ann Rheum Dis, vol.74, issue.3, pp.538-584, 2015.

L. K. Mercer, J. B. Galloway, M. Lunt, R. Davies, A. Low et al., Risk of lymphoma in patients exposed to antitumour necrosis factor therapy: results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register for Rheumatoid Arthritis, Ann Rheum Dis, vol.76, issue.3, pp.497-503, 2017.

M. A. Lopez-olivo, J. H. Tayar, J. A. Martinez-lopez, E. N. Pollono, J. P. Cueto et al., Risk of malignancies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with biologic therapy: a meta-analysis, JAMA, vol.308, issue.9, pp.898-908, 2012.

V. P. Bykerk, J. Cush, K. Winthrop, L. Calabrese, O. Lortholary et al., Update on the safety profile of certolizumab pegol in rheumatoid arthritis: an integrated analysis from clinical trials, Ann Rheum Dis, vol.74, issue.1, pp.96-103, 2015.

C. A. Siegel, S. M. Marden, S. M. Persing, R. J. Larson, and B. E. Sands, Risk of lymphoma associated with combination anti-tumor necrosis factor and immunomodulator therapy for the treatment of Crohn's disease: a meta-analysis, Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol Off Clin Pract J Am Gastroenterol Assoc, vol.7, issue.8, pp.874-81, 2009.

G. R. Lichtenstein, B. G. Feagan, R. D. Cohen, B. A. Salzberg, R. H. Diamond et al., Drug therapies and the risk of malignancy in Crohn's disease: results from the TREAT TM Registry, Am J Gastroenterol, vol.109, issue.2, pp.212-235, 2014.

N. Khan, A. M. Abbas, G. R. Lichtenstein, E. V. Loftus, and L. A. Bazzano, Risk of lymphoma in patients with ulcerative colitis treated with thiopurines: a nationwide retrospective cohort study, Gastroenterology, vol.145, issue.5, pp.1007-1015, 2013.

A. B. Kimball, K. J. Rothman, G. Kricorian, D. Pariser, P. S. Yamauchi et al., OBSERVE-5: observational postmarketing safety surveillance registry of etanercept for the treatment of psoriasis final 5-year results, J Am Acad Dermatol, vol.72, issue.1, pp.115-137, 2015.

L. Abásolo, E. Júdez, M. A. Descalzo, I. González-alvaro, J. A. Jover et al., Cancer in rheumatoid arthritis: occurrence, mortality, and associated factors in a South European population. Semin Arthritis Rheum, vol.37, pp.388-97, 2008.

P. Raaschou, J. F. Simard, A. Hagelberg, C. Askling, J. Artis-study et al., Rheumatoid arthritis, anti-tumour necrosis factor treatment, and risk of squamous cell and basal cell skin cancer: cohort study based on nationwide prospectively recorded data from Sweden, BMJ, vol.352, p.262, 2016.

E. F. Chakravarty, K. Michaud, and F. Wolfe, Skin cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, J Rheumatol, vol.32, issue.11, pp.2130-2135, 2005.

O. Landgren, E. A. Engels, R. M. Pfeiffer, G. Gridley, L. Mellemkjaer et al., Autoimmunity and susceptibility to Hodgkin lymphoma: a population-based case-control study in Scandinavia, J Natl Cancer Inst, vol.98, issue.18, pp.1321-1351, 2006.

K. E. Smedby, H. Hjalgrim, J. Askling, E. T. Chang, H. Gregersen et al., Autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma by subtype, J Natl Cancer Inst, vol.98, issue.1, pp.51-60, 2006.

E. Baecklund, A. Iliadou, J. Askling, A. Ekbom, C. Backlin et al., Association of chronic inflammation, not its treatment, with increased lymphoma risk in rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis Rheum, vol.54, issue.3, pp.692-701, 2006.

K. Hellgren, K. E. Smedby, C. Backlin, C. Sundstrom, N. Feltelius et al., Ankylosing Spondylitis, Psoriatic Arthritis, and Risk of Malignant Lymphoma: A Cohort Study Based on Nationwide Prospectively Recorded Data From Sweden. Arthritis Rheumatol, vol.66, pp.1282-90, 2014.

W. Gulliver, Long-term prognosis in patients with psoriasis, Br J Dermatol, vol.159, issue.2, pp.2-9, 2008.

C. Pouplard, E. Brenaut, C. Horreau, T. Barnetche, L. Misery et al., Risk of cancer in psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies, J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol JEADV, vol.27, issue.3, pp.36-46, 2013.

C. F. Paul, V. C. Ho, C. Mcgeown, E. Christophers, B. Schmidtmann et al., Risk of malignancies in psoriasis patients treated with cyclosporine: a 5 y cohort study, J Invest Dermatol, vol.120, issue.2, pp.211-217, 2003.

S. P. Reddy, K. Martires, and J. J. Wu, The risk of melanoma and hematologic cancers in patients with psoriasis, J Am Acad Dermatol, vol.76, issue.4, pp.639-647, 2017.

D. Margolis, W. Bilker, S. Hennessy, C. Vittorio, J. Santanna et al., The risk of malignancy associated with psoriasis, Arch Dermatol, vol.137, issue.6, pp.778-83, 2001.

J. M. Gelfand, D. B. Shin, A. L. Neimann, X. Wang, D. J. Margolis et al., The risk of lymphoma in patients with psoriasis, J Invest Dermatol, vol.126, issue.10, pp.2194-201, 2006.

Y. B. Brauchli, S. S. Jick, M. Miret, and C. R. Meier, Psoriasis and risk of incident cancer: an inception cohort study with a nested case-control analysis, J Invest Dermatol, vol.129, issue.11, pp.2604-2616, 2009.

S. M. Bhate, G. R. Sharpe, J. M. Marks, S. Shuster, and W. M. Ross, Prevalence of skin and other cancers in patients with psoriasis, Clin Exp Dermatol, vol.18, issue.5, pp.401-405, 1993.

R. S. Stern, Lymphoma risk in psoriasis: results of the PUVA follow-up study, Arch Dermatol, vol.142, issue.9, pp.1132-1137, 2006.

J. M. Gelfand, J. Berlin, A. Van-voorhees, and D. J. Margolis, Lymphoma rates are low but increased in patients with psoriasis: results from a population-based cohort study in the United Kingdom, Arch Dermatol, vol.139, issue.11, pp.1425-1434, 2003.

M. R. Kamstrup, L. Skov, C. Zachariae, J. P. Thyssen, and A. Egeberg, Psoriasis and risk of malignant lymphoma: a population-based cohort study, Br J Dermatol, 2017.

M. M. Morales, J. Olsen, P. Johansen, L. Kaerlev, P. Guénel et al., Viral infection, atopy and mycosis fungoides: a European multicentre case-control study, Eur J Cancer Oxf Engl, vol.39, issue.4, pp.511-517, 1990.

P. Boffetta, G. Gridley, and B. Lindelöf, Cancer risk in a population-based cohort of patients hospitalized for psoriasis in Sweden, J Invest Dermatol, vol.117, issue.6, pp.1531-1538, 2001.

C. Fuxench, Z. C. Shin, D. B. , O. Beatty, A. Gelfand et al., The Risk of Cancer in Patients With Psoriasis: A Population-Based Cohort Study in the Health Improvement Network, JAMA Dermatol, vol.152, issue.3, pp.282-90, 2016.

D. K. Podolsky, Inflammatory bowel disease, N Engl J Med, vol.347, issue.6, pp.417-446, 2002.

A. Ekbom, C. Helmick, M. Zack, and A. Ho, Ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer. A population-based study, N Engl J Med, vol.323, issue.18, pp.1228-1261, 1990.

L. Beaugerie, M. Svrcek, P. Seksik, A. Bouvier, T. Simon et al., Risk of colorectal highgrade dysplasia and cancer in a prospective observational cohort of patients with inflammatory bowel disease, Gastroenterology, vol.145, issue.1, pp.166-175, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00806654

C. N. Bernstein, A. Wajda, L. W. Svenson, A. Mackenzie, M. Koehoorn et al., The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in Canada: a population-based study, Am J Gastroenterol, vol.101, issue.7, pp.1559-68, 2006.

L. Beaugerie and S. H. Itzkowitz, Cancers Complicating Inflammatory Bowel Disease, N Engl J Med, vol.373, issue.2, p.195, 201509.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01301711

M. Lutgens, M. Van-oijen, G. Van-der-heijden, F. P. Vleggaar, P. D. Siersema et al., Declining risk of colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: an updated meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies, 148. van den Heuvel TRA, vol.19, pp.1270-80, 2013.

T. Jess, C. Rungoe, and L. Peyrin-biroulet, Risk of colorectal cancer in patients with ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies, Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol Off Clin Pract J Am Gastroenterol Assoc, vol.10, issue.6, pp.639-684, 2012.

U. Broomé and A. Bergquist, Primary sclerosing cholangitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and colon cancer. Semin Liver Dis, vol.26, pp.31-41, 2006.

S. K. Garg, F. S. Velayos, and J. B. Kisiel, Intestinal and Nonintestinal Cancer Risks for Patients with Crohn's Disease. Gastroenterol Clin North Am, vol.46, pp.515-544, 2017.
DOI : 10.1016/j.gtc.2017.05.006

M. D. Long, H. H. Herfarth, C. A. Pipkin, C. Q. Porter, R. S. Sandler et al., Increased risk for non-melanoma skin cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol Off Clin Pract J Am Gastroenterol Assoc, vol.8, issue.3, pp.268-74, 2010.

M. D. Long, C. F. Martin, C. A. Pipkin, H. H. Herfarth, R. S. Sandler et al., Risk of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer among patients with inflammatory bowel disease, Gastroenterology, vol.143, issue.2, pp.390-399, 2012.

H. Sokol, L. Beaugerie, M. Maynadié, D. Laharie, J. Dupas et al., Excess primary intestinal lymphoproliferative disorders in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, Inflamm Bowel Dis, vol.18, issue.11, pp.2063-71, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00683356

J. Askling, L. Brandt, A. Lapidus, P. Karlén, M. Björkholm et al., Risk of haematopoietic cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, Gut, vol.54, issue.5, pp.617-639, 2005.

N. Pedersen, D. Duricova, M. Elkjaer, M. Gamborg, P. Munkholm et al., Risk of extra-intestinal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies, Am J Gastroenterol, vol.105, issue.7, pp.1480-1487, 2010.

F. Magro, L. Peyrin-biroulet, H. Sokol, X. Aldeger, A. Costa et al., Extra-intestinal malignancies in inflammatory bowel disease: results of the 3rd ECCO Pathogenesis Scientific Workshop (III), J Crohns Colitis, vol.8, issue.1, pp.31-44, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00829286

L. Beaugerie, N. Brousse, A. M. Bouvier, J. F. Colombel, M. Lémann et al., Lymphoproliferative disorders in patients receiving thiopurines for inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective observational cohort study, Lancet Lond Engl, vol.374, issue.9701, pp.1617-1642, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00466312

H. Sokol and L. Beaugerie, Inflammatory bowel disease and lymphoproliferative disorders: the dust is starting to settle, Gut, vol.58, issue.10, pp.1427-1463, 2009.
DOI : 10.1136/gut.2009.181982

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00657979

M. Chang, L. Chang, H. M. Chang, and F. Chang, Intestinal and Extraintestinal Cancers Associated With Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Clin Colorectal Cancer, 2017.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clcc.2017.06.009

URL : http://www.clinical-colorectal-cancer.com/article/S1533002817301524/pdf

R. Seror and X. Mariette, Malignancy and the Risks of Biologic Therapies: Current Status. Rheum Dis Clin North Am, vol.43, pp.43-64, 2017.

F. I. Scott, R. Mamtani, C. M. Brensinger, K. Haynes, Z. C. Chiesa-fuxench et al., Risk of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Associated With the Use of Immunosuppressant and Biologic Agents in Patients With a History of Autoimmune Disease and Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer, JAMA Dermatol, vol.152, issue.2, pp.164-72, 2016.

X. Mariette, D. Cazals-hatem, J. Warszawki, F. Liote, N. Balandraud et al., Lymphomas in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with methotrexate: a 3-year prospective study in France, Blood, vol.99, issue.11, pp.3909-3924, 2002.

E. Salloum, D. L. Cooper, G. Howe, J. Lacy, G. Tallini et al., Spontaneous regression of lymphoproliferative disorders in patients treated with methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic diseases, J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol, vol.14, issue.6, pp.1943-1952, 1996.

O. W. Kamel, M. Van-de-rijn, L. M. Weiss, D. Zoppo, G. J. Hench et al., Brief report: reversible lymphomas associated with Epstein-Barr virus occurring during methotrexate therapy for rheumatoid arthritis and dermatomyositis, N Engl J Med, vol.328, issue.18, pp.1317-1338, 1993.

S. Caillard, V. Lachat, and B. Moulin, Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders in renal allograft recipients: report of 53 cases of a French multicenter study

, Transpl Int Off J Eur Soc Organ Transplant, vol.13, issue.1, pp.388-393, 2000.

J. M. Durnian, R. Stewart, R. Tatham, M. Batterbury, and S. B. Kaye, Cyclosporin-A associated malignancy, Clin Ophthalmol Auckl NZ, vol.1, issue.4, pp.421-451, 2007.

R. G. Pomerantz, L. S. Campbell, D. M. Jukic, and L. J. Geskin, Posttransplant cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: case reports and review of the association of calcineurin inhibitor use with posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease risk, Arch Dermatol, vol.146, issue.5, pp.513-519, 2010.

L. Peyrin-biroulet, K. Khosrotehrani, F. Carrat, A. Bouvier, J. Chevaux et al., Increased risk for nonmelanoma skin cancers in patients who receive thiopurines for inflammatory bowel disease, Gastroenterology, vol.141, issue.5, pp.1621-1628, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00631539

M. Shale, E. Kanfer, R. Panaccione, and S. Ghosh, Hepatosplenic T cell lymphoma in inflammatory bowel disease, Gut, vol.57, issue.12, pp.1639-1680, 2008.

M. Lemaitre, J. Kirchgesner, A. Rudnichi, F. Carrat, M. Zureik et al., Association Between Use of Thiopurines or Tumor Necrosis Factor Antagonists Alone or in Combination and Risk of Lymphoma in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease, JAMA, vol.318, issue.17, pp.1679-86, 2017.

H. Sanli, S. Ataman, B. N. Akay, A. Yilmaz, D. Yildizlar et al., Mycosis fungoides in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis during infliximab therapy, J Drugs Dermatol JDD, vol.6, issue.8, pp.834-840, 2007.

M. E. Martinez-escala, A. L. Posligua, and H. Wickless, Progression of undiagnosed cutaneous lymphoma after anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy, J Am Acad Dermatol, vol.78, pp.1068-1076, 2018.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jaad.2017.12.068

K. B. Gordon, K. A. Papp, R. G. Langley, V. Ho, A. B. Kimball et al., Long-term safety experience of ustekinumab in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis (Part II of II): results from analyses of infections and malignancy from pooled phase II and III clinical trials, J Am Acad Dermatol, vol.66, issue.5, pp.742-51, 2012.

S. Lourari, S. Prey, C. Livideanu, B. Jamard, L. Lamant et al., Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma following treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with tumour necrosis factor-alpha blocking agents: two cases, J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol JEADV, vol.23, issue.8, pp.967-975, 2009.

V. Nikolaou, E. Papadavid, A. Economidi, L. Marinos, E. Moustou et al., Mycosis fungoides in the era of antitumour necrosis factor-? treatments, Br J Dermatol, vol.173, issue.2, pp.590-593, 2015.

A. De, T. Raychaudhury, M. Rajagopalan, A. Sarda, and N. Sharma, A Case of Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma, Masquerading as Psoriasis, Was Given Etanercept and Secukinumab: Emphasizing the Need for Biopsy Confirmation before Starting Biologics, Indian J Dermatol, vol.62, issue.5, pp.533-538, 2017.

A. E. Adams, J. Zwicker, C. Curiel, M. E. Kadin, K. R. Falchuk et al., Aggressive cutaneous T-cell lymphomas after TNFalpha blockade, J Am Acad Dermatol, vol.51, issue.4, pp.660-662, 2004.

S. Dalle, B. Balme, F. Berger, S. Hayette, and L. Thomas, Mycosis fungoides-associated follicular mucinosis under adalimumab, Br J Dermatol, vol.153, issue.1, pp.207-215, 2005.

C. Berthelot, J. Cather, D. Jones, and M. Duvic, Atypical CD8+ cutaneous T-cell lymphoma after immunomodulatory therapy, Clin Lymphoma Myeloma, vol.6, issue.4, pp.329-361, 2006.

G. S. Chuang, D. I. Wasserman, H. R. Byers, and M. Demierre, Hypopigmented T-cell dyscrasia evolving to hypopigmented mycosis fungoides during etanercept therapy, J Am Acad Dermatol, vol.59, issue.5, pp.121-122, 2008.

P. Lafaille, D. Bouffard, and N. Provost, Exacerbation of undiagnosed mycosis fungoides during treatment with etanercept, Arch Dermatol, vol.145, issue.1, pp.94-99, 2009.

H. Suga, M. Sugaya, T. Toyama, H. Sumida, H. Fujita et al., A case of mycosis fungoides with large cell transformation associated with infliximab treatment, Acta Derm Venereol, vol.94, issue.2, pp.233-237, 2014.

J. N. Dauendorffer, J. Rivet, A. Allard, and H. Bachelez, Sézary syndrome in a patient receiving infliximab for ankylosing spondylitis, Br J Dermatol, vol.156, issue.4, pp.742-745, 2007.

M. Flendrie, W. Vissers, M. Creemers, E. De-jong, P. Van-de-kerkhof et al., Dermatological conditions during TNF-alpha-blocking therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective study, Arthritis Res Ther, vol.7, issue.3, pp.666-676, 2005.

J. Park, J. Lee, J. H. Lee, D. Lee, and E. Koh, Lymphomatoid papulosis in a patient treated with adalimumab for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, Dermatol Basel Switz, vol.225, issue.3, pp.259-63, 2012.

C. J. Hruska, R. J. Bertoli, Y. D. Young, P. H. Burkhart, and P. B. Googe, Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma in a patient receiving adalimumab. JAAD Case Rep, vol.1, pp.56-65, 2015.

E. Mahé, V. Descamps, M. Grossin, S. Fraitag, and B. Crickx, CD30+ T-cell lymphoma in a patient with psoriasis treated with ciclosporin and infliximab, Br J Dermatol, vol.149, issue.1, pp.170-173, 2003.

W. Outlaw, A. Fleischer, and R. Bloomfeld, Lymphomatoid papulosis in a patient with Crohn's disease treated with infliximab, Inflamm Bowel Dis, vol.15, issue.7, pp.965-971, 2009.

S. M. Jacks, B. R. Taylor, R. P. Rogers, J. S. Ralston, J. S. Metcalf et al., Rapid deterioration in a patient with primary aggressive cutaneous epidermotropic CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell ('Berti') lymphoma after administration of adalimumab, J Am Acad Dermatol, vol.71, issue.3, pp.86-87, 2014.

L. Koens, N. J. Senff, M. H. Vermeer, H. K. Ronday, R. Willemze et al., Cutaneous gamma/delta T-cell lymphoma during treatment with etanercept for rheumatoid arthritis, Acta Derm Venereol, vol.89, issue.6, pp.653-657, 2009.

C. Michot, V. Costes, D. Gerard-dran, B. Guillot, B. Combes et al., Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma in a patient receiving etanercept for rheumatoid arthritis, Br J Dermatol, vol.160, issue.4, pp.889-90, 2009.

A. L. Bittencourt, P. D. Oliveira, V. G. Bittencourt, E. M. Carvalho, and L. Farre, Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma triggered by adalimumab, J Clin Virol Off Publ Pan Am Soc Clin Virol, vol.58, issue.2, pp.494-500, 2013.

E. Sbidian, C. Giboin, H. Bachelez, C. Paul, M. Beylot-barry et al., Factors associated with the choice of the first biologic in psoriasis: real-life analysis from the Psobioteq cohort, J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol JEADV, vol.31, issue.12, pp.2046-54, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02051025

Y. Yamaguchi, Y. Fujita, Y. Hirata, M. Nishimura, S. Shinkuma et al., Psoriasiform mycosis fungoides masquerading as tumourous plaques, Eur J Dermatol EJD, vol.27, issue.3, pp.295-301, 201701.

N. Jinno, Y. Yamana, M. Kawashima, and Y. Tsunemi, Mycosis fungoides with psoriasiform lesions, J Dermatol, vol.42, issue.2, pp.227-236, 2015.

S. Doukaki, M. Aricò, and M. R. Bongiorno, A Rare Presentation of Mycosis Fungoides Mimicking Psoriasis Vulgaris. Case Rep Dermatol, vol.1, pp.60-65, 2009.

N. Pimpinelli, E. A. Olsen, M. Santucci, E. Vonderheid, A. C. Haeffner et al., Defining early mycosis fungoides, J Am Acad Dermatol, vol.53, issue.6, pp.1053-63, 2005.

J. M. Donigan, C. Snowden, J. B. Carter, and A. B. Kimball, The temporal association between cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and psoriasis: implications for common biologic processes, J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol JEADV, vol.30, issue.10, pp.31-33, 2016.

V. Nikolaou, L. Marinos, E. Moustou, E. Papadavid, A. Economidi et al., Psoriasis in patients with mycosis fungoides: a clinicopathological study of 25 patients, J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol JEADV, 2017.

E. Papadavid, J. Economidou, A. Psarra, V. Kapsimali, V. Mantzana et al., The relevance of peripheral blood T-helper 1 and 2 cytokine pattern in the evaluation of patients with mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome, Br J Dermatol, vol.148, issue.4, pp.709-727, 2003.

T. Krejsgaard, U. Ralfkiaer, E. Clasen-linde, K. W. Eriksen, K. L. Kopp et al., Malignant cutaneous T-cell lymphoma cells express IL-17 utilizing the Jak3/Stat3 signaling pathway, J Invest Dermatol, vol.131, issue.6, pp.1331-1339, 2011.

S. Romagnani, D. Prete, G. , M. E. Chilosi, M. Caligaris-cappio et al., CD30 and type 2 T helper (Th2) responses, J Leukoc Biol, vol.57, issue.5, pp.726-756, 1995.

L. Tracey, R. Villuendas, A. M. Dotor, I. Spiteri, P. Ortiz et al., Mycosis fungoides shows concurrent deregulation of multiple genes involved in the TNF signaling pathway: an expression profile study, Blood, vol.102, issue.3, pp.1042-50, 2003.

K. Tsuda, K. Yamanaka, M. Kondo, K. Matsubara, R. Sasaki et al., Ustekinumab Improves Psoriasis without Altering T Cell Cytokine Production, Differentiation, and T Cell Receptor Repertoire Diversity, PLoS ONE, vol.7, issue.12, 2009.

S. H. Foo, F. Shah, S. Chaganti, A. Stevens, and J. J. Scarisbrick, Unmasking mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome from preceding or co-existing benign inflammatory dermatoses requiring systemic therapies: patients frequently present with advanced disease and have an aggressive clinical course, Br J Dermatol, vol.174, issue.4, pp.901-905, 2016.

, Coexistence d'un mycosis fongoïde (haut) T1aN0M0 et d'une lymphoprolifération T CD30+ (bas) (Dr Franck), vol.4

, Mycosis fongoïde T2N0M0, vol.5

, Photographies prises avant et après la biothérapie, où les lésions de mycosis fongoïde sont démasquées, Mycosis fongoïde T2N0M0, vol.7

, Mycosis fongoïde T2N0M0, vol.9

, Papulose lymphomatoïde T1N0M0, vol.16

, LSCT type panniculite ?? T2bN0M0, vol.19

, Lymphome cutané B centro-folliculaire T1N0M0 (Dr Franck), Patient, vol.20

, Background: Controversies exist regarding the primary cutaneous lymphomas (PCL) risk under biologics, their prognosis and management. Most cases reported occurred under TNF? inhibitors. Our objective was to describe PCL occurring under biologics, type, behavior and management, Lymphome cutané B centro-folliculaire T1N0M0 (Dr Adamski), vol.21

, Retrospective, multicenter declarative (exhaustive data collection sheet) study among the 8364 patients registered from 2010 to 2017 into the French Cutaneous Lymphoma Study Group (GFELC), Main biologic: anti-TNF? (n=40)

. Cutaneous, Mean onset: 32 months; 24 mycosis fungoides (MF), including 5 transformed-MF (T-MF) with aggressive behavior. For all T-MF but one, psoriasis was the disease justifying biologics. After CTCL diagnosis, biologic was discontinued in all except 3 patients (n=2 Crohn disease and n=1 rheumatoid arthritis) with limited MF, stage ? IIA, cases (70%) including 15 with past dermatological history, p.31

. Cutaneous, 13 cases (30%) including 2 with past dermatological history. Mean onset: 69 months. Most were indolent forms with good prognosis

, Biologic's aggravating role may be suspected in two situations: pre-existing MF misdiagnosed as psoriasis (aggressive behavior) and psoriasis-associated MF. However, PCL (MF or not MF) might occur outside of psoriasis, with a variable course. In limited MF, biologics may be continued with close follow-up if the underlying disease justifies it. Recurrence of CBCL when biologic was re-introduced or continued

, Cutaneous lymphomas appearing under biologics : Retrospective multicentric study among the French Study Group on Cutaneous Lymphomas. Additional analysis from the National Pharmacovigilance Database