L. Stovner, K. Hagen, R. Jensen, Z. Katsarava, R. Lipton et al., The global burden of headache: a documentation of headache prevalence and disability worldwide, Cephalalgia. mars, vol.27, issue.3, pp.193-210, 2007.

, Atlas of headache disorders and resources in the world 2011. Geneva : World Health Organisation, 2011.

B. Kastler, |. Barral, and . Springer, Interventional Radiology in Pain Treatment | F

J. M. Vital, F. Grenier, M. Dautheribes, H. Baspeyre, B. Lavignolle et al., An anatomic and dynamic study of the greater occipital nerve (n. of Arnold). Applications to the treatment of Arnold's neuralgia, Surg Radiol Anat SRA, vol.11, issue.3, pp.205-215, 1989.

Z. M. Naja, M. El-rajab, A. , M. A. Ziade, F. M. Tawfik et al., Occipital Nerve Blockade for Cervicogenic Headache: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial, Pain Pract. 1 juin, vol.6, issue.2, pp.89-95, 2006.

G. Lambru, A. Bakar, N. Stahlhut, L. Mcculloch, S. Miller et al., Greater occipital nerve blocks in chronic cluster headache: a prospective open-label study, Eur J Neurol. févr, vol.21, issue.2, pp.338-381, 2014.

A. Ambrosini, M. Vandenheede, P. Rossi, F. Aloj, E. Sauli et al., Suboccipital injection with a mixture of rapid-and long-acting steroids in cluster headache: a double-blind placebocontrolled study, Pain, vol.118, issue.1-2, pp.92-98, 2005.

M. Weatherall, Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuropathy May Respond to Greater Occipital Nerve Injection, Cephalalgia. juin, vol.28, issue.6, pp.664-670, 2008.

G. Bovim and T. Sand, Cervicogenic headache, migraine without aura and tension-type headache. Diagnostic blockade of greater occipital and supra-orbital nerves. Pain, vol.51, pp.43-51, 1992.

R. B. Lipton, S. Diamond, M. Reed, M. L. Diamond, and W. F. Stewart, Migraine Diagnosis and Treatment: Results From the American Migraine Study II, Headache J Head Face Pain. 12 juill, vol.41, issue.7, pp.638-683, 2001.

A. Hopkins, Neurological services and the neurological health of the population in the United Kingdom, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, vol.63, pp.53-59, 1997.

T. Vos, A. A. Abajobir, K. H. Abate, C. Abbafati, K. M. Abbas et al., Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study, The Lancet. sept, vol.390, pp.1211-59, 2016.

R. B. Lipton and M. E. Bigal, Migraine: Epidemiology, Impact, and Risk Factors for Progression, Headache J Head Face Pain. avr, vol.45, issue.s1, pp.3-13, 2005.

T. Steiner, A. Scher, W. Stewart, K. Kolodner, J. Liberman et al., The Prevalence and Disability Burden of Adult Migraine in England and their Relationships to Age, Gender and Ethnicity, Cephalalgia. sept, vol.23, issue.7, pp.519-546, 2003.

C. L. Gooch, E. Pracht, and A. R. Borenstein, The burden of neurological disease in the United States: A summary report and call to action: Burden of Neurological Disease, Ann Neurol. avr, vol.81, issue.4, pp.479-84, 2017.

H. F. Boardman, E. Thomas, D. S. Millson, and P. R. Croft, Psychological, Sleep, Lifestyle, and Comorbid Associations With Headache, Headache J Head Face Pain. juin, vol.45, issue.6, pp.657-69, 2005.

A. M. Adams, D. Serrano, D. C. Buse, M. L. Reed, V. Marske et al., The impact of chronic migraine: The Chronic Migraine Epidemiology and Outcomes (CaMEO) Study methods and baseline results, Cephalalgia. juin, vol.35, issue.7, pp.563-78, 2015.

S. Haldeman and S. Dagenais, Cervicogenic headaches: a critical review, Spine J Off J North Am Spine Soc. févr, vol.1, issue.1, pp.31-46, 2001.

D. Toledo, I. P. , C. Réus, J. Fernandes, M. Porporatti et al., Prevalence of trigeminal neuralgia, J Am Dent Assoc. juill, vol.147, issue.7, pp.570-576, 2016.

M. Fischera, M. Marziniak, I. Gralow, and S. Evers, The incidence and prevalence of cluster headache: a meta-analysis of population-based studies, Cephalalgia Int J Headache. juin, vol.28, issue.6, pp.614-622, 2008.

J. Zipfel, A. Kastler, L. Tatu, J. Behr, R. Kechidi et al., Ultrasound-Guided Intermediate Site Greater Occipital Nerve Infiltration: A Technical Feasibility Study, Pain Physician. oct, vol.19, issue.7, pp.1027-1034, 2016.

A. Kastler, A. Attye, O. Heck, F. Tahon, K. Boubagra et al., Greater occipital nerve MR tractography: Feasibility and anatomical considerations, J Neuroradiol. févr, vol.45, issue.1, pp.54-62, 2018.

S. Aubry, B. Kastler, V. Bier, V. Hadjidekov, H. H. Hussein et al., Evaluation of the effectiveness of CT-guided infiltration in the treatment of Arnold's neuralgia, Neuroradiology. mars, vol.51, issue.3, pp.163-171, 2009.

A. Kastler, Y. Onana, A. Comte, A. Attyé, J. Lajoie et al., A simplified CT-guided approach for greater occipital nerve infiltration in the management of occipital neuralgia, Eur Radiol. août, vol.25, issue.8, pp.2512-2520, 2015.

M. Greher, B. Moriggl, M. Curatolo, L. Kirchmair, and U. Eichenberger, Sonographic visualization and ultrasound-guided blockade of the greater occipital nerve: a comparison of two selective techniques confirmed by anatomical dissection, Br J Anaesth. 1 mai, vol.104, issue.5, pp.637-679, 2010.

. Kastler-adrian, R. Kechidi, A. Attye, and B. Kastler, Algies cranio-faciales : role du radiologue interventionnel, 2014.

S. Korbe, E. N. Udoji, T. J. Ness, and M. A. Udoji, Ultrasound-guided interventional procedures for chronic pain management. Pain Manag, vol.5, pp.466-82, 2015.

M. J. Pingree, J. S. Sole, T. G. O?-brien, J. S. Eldrige, and S. M. Moeschler, Clinical Efficacy of an Ultrasound-Guided Greater Occipital Nerve Block at the Level of C2, Reg Anesth Pain Med, vol.42, issue.1, pp.99-104, 2017.

J. H. Shim, S. Y. Ko, M. R. Bang, W. J. Jeon, S. Y. Cho et al., Ultrasound-guided greater occipital nerve block for patients with occipital headache and short term follow up, Korean J Anesthesiol, vol.61, issue.1, p.50, 2011.

J. Fritz, A. L. Dellon, E. H. Williams, A. J. Belzberg, and J. A. Carrino, 3-Tesla High-Field Magnetic Resonance Neurography for Guiding Nerve Blocks and Its Role in Pain Management, Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am, vol.23, issue.4, pp.533-578, 2015.

M. Deli, J. Fritz, S. Mateiescu, M. Busch, J. A. Carrino et al., Saline as the Sole Contrast Agent for Successful MRI-guided Epidural Injections, Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. juin, vol.36, issue.3, pp.748-55, 2013.

A. Kastler, R. Perolat, B. Kastler, C. Maindet-dominici, J. Fritz et al., Greater occipital nerve infiltration under MR guidance: Feasibility study and preliminary results, Eur Radiol, vol.12, issue.2017, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/cea-02183909

M. Limby-mahefa, Infiltrations du nerf grand occipital comme traitement de l'algie vasculaire de la face : anatomie, physiopathologie et essais thérapeutiques, 2013.

A. Ashkenazi, A. Blumenfeld, U. Napchan, S. Narouze, B. Grosberg et al., Peripheral Nerve Blocks and Trigger Point Injections in Headache Management -A Systematic Review and Suggestions for Future Research, Headache J Head Face Pain. 7 mai, vol.50, issue.6, pp.943-52, 2010.

H. A. Mclure and A. P. Rubin, Review of local anaesthetic agents, Minerva Anestesiol. mars, vol.71, issue.3, pp.59-74, 2005.

A. Johansson, J. Hao, and B. Sjölund, Local corticosteroid application blocks transmission in normal nociceptive C-fibres, Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. juill, vol.34, issue.5, pp.335-343, 1990.

R. Melzack and P. D. Wall, Pain Mechanisms: A New Theory. Science, vol.150, pp.971-979, 1965.

A. De-craen, J. Tijssen, J. De-gans, and J. Kleijnen, Placebo effect in the acute treatment of migraine: subcutaneous placebos are better than oral placebos, J Neurol. 17 mars, vol.247, issue.3, pp.183-191, 2000.

A. Nilsson-remahl, L. Meyer, E. Cordonnier, C. Goadsby, and P. , Placebo Response in Cluster Headache Trials: A Review, Cephalalgia. sept, vol.23, issue.7, pp.504-514, 2003.

. Ricquart, Evaluation of the effectiveness of greater occpital nerve in the management of refractory craniofacial pain syndromes other than occipital neuralgia, RSNA, 2016.

A. Abd-elsayed, L. Kreuger, S. Wheeler, J. Robillard, S. Seeger et al., Radiofrequency Ablation of Pericranial Nerves for Treating Headache Conditions: A Promising Option for Patients, Ochsner J, vol.18, issue.1, pp.59-62, 2018.

L. W. Organ, Electrophysiologic principles of radiofrequency lesion making, Appl Neurophysiol, vol.39, issue.2, pp.69-76, 19771976.

E. J. Choi, Y. M. Choi, E. J. Jang, J. Y. Kim, T. K. Kim et al., Neural Ablation and Regeneration in Pain Practice, Korean J Pain. janv, vol.29, issue.1, pp.3-11, 2016.

J. F. Hamer and T. A. Purath, Repeat RF Ablation of C2 and Third Occipital Nerves for Recurrent Occipital Neuralgia and Cervicogenic Headaches, World J Neurosci, vol.06, issue.04, pp.236-278, 2016.

J. L. Chazen, E. J. Ebani, M. Virk, J. F. Talbott, and V. Shah, CT-Guided Block and Radiofrequency Ablation of the C2 Dorsal Root Ganglion for Cervicogenic Headache, Am J Neuroradiol. août, vol.40, issue.8, pp.1433-1439, 2019.

L. M. Hoffman, A. Abd-elsayed, T. J. Burroughs, and H. Sachdeva, Treatment of Occipital Neuralgia by Thermal Radiofrequency Ablation, Ochsner J, vol.18, issue.3, pp.209-223, 2018.

A. Kastler, Neurolysis in spine management. 9th advanced course in spine neuroradiology, 2018.

D. Byrd and S. Mackey, Pulsed Radiofrequency for Chronic Pain, Curr Pain Headache Rep. janv, vol.12, issue.1, pp.37-41, 2008.

N. Bogduk, Pulsed Radiofrequency, Pain Med. sept, vol.7, issue.5, pp.396-407, 2006.

N. Chua, K. C. Vissers, and M. E. Sluijter, Pulsed radiofrequency treatment in interventional pain management: mechanisms and potential indications-a review, Acta Neurochir (Wien). avr, vol.153, issue.4, pp.763-71, 2011.

A. Navani, G. Mahajan, P. Kreis, and S. M. Fishman, A Case of Pulsed Radiofrequency Lesioning for Occipital Neuralgia: Table 1, Pain Med. sept, vol.7, issue.5, pp.453-459, 2006.

H. J. Choi, I. H. Oh, S. K. Choi, and Y. J. Lim, Clinical Outcomes of Pulsed Radiofrequency Neuromodulation for the Treatment of Occipital Neuralgia, J Korean Neurosurg Soc, vol.51, issue.5, p.281, 2012.

P. Vanelderen, T. Rouwette, D. Vooght, P. Puylaert, M. Heylen et al., Pulsed radiofrequency for the treatment of occipital neuralgia: a prospective study with 6 months of follow-up, Reg Anesth Pain Med. avr, vol.35, issue.2, pp.148-51, 2010.

M. D. Vanderhoek, H. T. Hoang, and B. Goff, Ultrasound-guided greater occipital nerve blocks and pulsed radiofrequency ablation for diagnosis and treatment of occipital neuralgia, Anesthesiol Pain Med. sept, vol.3, issue.2, pp.256-265, 2013.

J. Zhang, D. Shi, and R. Wang, Pulsed radiofrequency of the second cervical ganglion (C2) for the treatment of cervicogenic headache, J Headache Pain, vol.12, issue.5, pp.569-71, 2011.

A. M. Trescot, Cryoanalgesia in interventional pain management, Pain Physician. juill, vol.6, issue.3, pp.345-60, 2003.

A. Kastler, A. Attyé, C. Maindet, B. Nicot, E. Gay et al., Greater occipital nerve cryoneurolysis in the management of intractable occipital neuralgia, J Neuroradiol. oct, vol.45, issue.6, pp.386-90, 2018.

C. H. Kim, W. Hu, J. Gao, K. Dragan, T. Whealton et al., Cryoablation for the treatment of occipital neuralgia, Pain Physician. juin, vol.18, issue.3, pp.363-368, 2015.

O. P. Keifer, A. Diaz, M. Campbell, Y. B. Bezchlibnyk, and N. M. Boulis, Occipital Nerve Stimulation for the Treatment of Refractory Occipital Neuralgia: A Case Series, World Neurosurg. sept, vol.105, pp.599-604, 2017.

S. Miller, L. Watkins, and M. Matharu, Treatment of intractable chronic cluster headache by occipital nerve stimulation: a cohort of 51 patients, Eur J Neurol. févr, vol.24, issue.2, pp.381-90, 2017.

S. Miller, L. Watkins, and M. Matharu, Long-term outcomes of occipital nerve stimulation for chronic migraine: a cohort of 53 patients, J Headache Pain. déc, vol.17, issue.1, p.68, 2016.

J. Nguyen, C. Magne, L. Terreau, E. Kuhn, D. Chauvigny et al., Stimulation du nerf occipital et traitement des céphalées, Douleurs Eval -Diagn -Trait. déc, vol.10, issue.1, pp.23-31, 2009.

O. Gille, B. Lavignolle, and J. Vital, Surgical Treatment of Greater Occipital Neuralgia by Neurolysis of the Greater Occipital Nerve and Sectioning of the Inferior Oblique Muscle, Spine. avr, vol.29, issue.7, pp.828-860, 2004.

R. R. Sharma, R. V. Devadas, S. J. Pawar, S. D. Lad, and A. K. Mahapatra, Current Status of Peripheral Neurectomy for Occipital Neuralgia, Neurosurg Q. déc, vol.15, issue.4, pp.232-240, 2005.

, Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS), Cephalalgia. 1 juill, vol.33, issue.9, pp.629-808, 2013.

P. Vanelderen, A. Lataster, R. Levy, N. Mekhail, M. Van-kleef et al., Occipital Neuralgia. Pain Pract. mars, vol.10, issue.2, pp.137-181, 2010.

S. Barna, M. Hashmi, and . Neuralgia, , 2004.

J. Cho, D. W. Haun, and N. W. Kettner, Sonographic evaluation of the greater occipital nerve in unilateral occipital neuralgia, J Ultrasound Med Off J Am Inst Ultrasound Med. janv, vol.31, issue.1, pp.37-42, 2012.

L. Hwang, R. Dessouky, Y. Xi, B. Amirlak, and A. Chhabra, MR Neurography of Greater Occipital Nerve Neuropathy: Initial Experience in Patients with Migraine, Am J Neuroradiol, vol.38, issue.11, pp.2203-2212, 2017.

J. Tobin and S. Flitman, Occipital Nerve Blocks: When and What to Inject? Headache J Head Face Pain, vol.49, pp.1521-1554, 2009.

J. Huang, S. M. Galvagno, M. Hameed, I. Wilkinson, M. A. Erdek et al., Occipital nerve pulsed radiofrequency treatment: a multi-center study evaluating predictors of outcome, Pain Med Malden Mass. avr, vol.13, issue.4, pp.489-97, 2012.

K. V. Slavin, H. Nersesyan, and C. Wess, Peripheral Neurostimulation for Treatment of Intractable Occipital Neuralgia, Neurosurgery. 1 janv, vol.58, issue.1, pp.112-121, 2006.

I. Ducic, E. C. Hartmann, and E. E. Larson, Indications and Outcomes for Surgical Treatment of Patients with Chronic Migraine Headaches Caused by Occipital Neuralgia, Plast Reconstr Surg. mai, vol.123, issue.5, pp.1453-61, 2009.

B. P. Radanov, G. Stefano, and K. F. Augustiny, Symptomatic approach to posttraumatic headache and its possible implications for treatment, Eur Spine J. oct, vol.10, issue.5, pp.403-410, 2001.

O. Coskun, S. Ucler, B. Karakurum, H. Atasoy, T. Yildirim et al., Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patients with Cervicogenic Headache, Cephalalgia, vol.23, issue.8, pp.842-847, 2003.

M. Anthony, Cervicogenic headache: prevalence and response to local steroid therapy, Clin Exp Rheumatol. avr, vol.18, issue.2, pp.59-64, 2000.

Z. M. Naja, M. El-rajab, A. , M. A. Ziade, F. M. Tawfik et al., Repetitive Occipital Nerve Blockade for Cervicogenic Headache: Expanded Case Report of 47 Adults, Pain Pract. 1 déc, vol.6, issue.4, pp.278-84, 2006.

T. Gabrhelík, P. Michálek, and M. Adamus, Pulsed radiofrequency therapy versus greater occipital nerve block in the management of refractory cervicogenic headache -a pilot study, Prague Med Rep, vol.112, issue.4, pp.279-87, 2011.

M. Eghtesadi, E. Leroux, M. Fournier-gosselin, P. Lespérance, L. Marchand et al., Neurostimulation for Refractory Cervicogenic Headache: A Three-Year Retrospective Study: NEUROSTIMULATION FOR REFRACTORY CERVICOGENIC HEADACHE, Neuromodulation Technol Neural Interface. avr, vol.21, issue.3, pp.302-311, 2018.

G. Bovim, T. A. Fredriksen, A. Stolt-nielsen, and O. Sjaastad, Neurolysis of the Greater Occipital Nerve in Cervicogenic Headache. A Follow Up Study, Headache J Head Face Pain. avr, vol.32, issue.4, pp.175-184, 1992.

E. Qiu, Y. Wang, L. Ma, L. Tian, R. Liu et al., Abnormal Brain Functional Connectivity of the Hypothalamus in Cluster Headaches. Hou B, rédacteur, PLoS ONE. 27 févr, vol.8, issue.2, p.57896, 2013.

S. K. Afridi, K. G. Shields, R. Bhola, and P. J. Goadsby, Greater occipital nerve injection in primary headache syndromes -prolonged effects from a single injection, Pain. mai, vol.122, issue.1, pp.126-135, 2006.

M. Leone, A. Franzini, P. Cecchini, A. Broggi, G. Bussone et al., Hypothalamic deep brain stimulation in the treatment of chronic cluster headache, Ther Adv Neurol Disord. mai, vol.3, issue.3, pp.187-95, 2010.

M. A. Hughes, A. M. Frederickson, B. F. Branstetter, X. Zhu, and R. F. Sekula, MRI of the Trigeminal Nerve in Patients With Trigeminal Neuralgia Secondary to Vascular Compression, Am J Roentgenol. mars, vol.206, issue.3, pp.595-600, 2016.

A. Moraci, C. Buonaiuto, A. Punzo, C. Parlato, and R. Amalfi, Trigeminal neuralgia treated by percutaneous thermocoagulation. Min -Minim Invasive Neurosurg, mars, vol.35, issue.02, pp.48-53, 1992.

L. Xia, J. Zhong, J. Zhu, Y. Wang, N. Dou et al., Effectiveness and Safety of Microvascular Decompression Surgery for Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Systematic Review, J Craniofac Surg. juill, vol.25, issue.4, pp.1413-1420, 2014.

D. Holle and M. Obermann, The role of neuroimaging in the diagnosis of headache disorders, Ther Adv Neurol Disord, vol.6, issue.6, pp.369-74, 2013.

M. Denuelle, N. Fabre, P. Payoux, F. Chollet, and G. Geraud, Hypothalamic Activation in Spontaneous Migraine Attacks, Headache J Head Face Pain. 19 avr, vol.0, issue.0, p.070503104159006, 2007.

L. E. Inan, Greater occipital nerve blockade for the treatment of chronic migraine, Cephalalgia. oct, vol.36, issue.11, pp.1095-1095, 2016.

D. Palamar, D. Uluduz, S. Saip, G. Erden, H. Unalan et al., Ultrasound-guided greater occipital nerve block: an efficient technique in chronic refractory migraine without aura?, Pain Physician. avr, vol.18, issue.2, pp.153-62, 2015.

D. Flamer, H. Alakkad, N. Soneji, P. Tumber, P. Peng et al., Comparison of two ultrasound-guided techniques for greater occipital nerve injections in chronic migraine: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial, Reg Anesth Pain Med. mai, vol.44, issue.5, pp.595-603, 2019.

S. Kwak and M. C. Chang, Management of refractory chronic migraine using ultrasound-guided pulsed radiofrequency of greater occipital nerve: Two case reports. Medicine (Baltimore), vol.97, p.13127, 2018.

J. Li, Y. Yin, L. Ye, and Y. Zuo, Pulsed radiofrequency of C2 dorsal root ganglion under ultrasound guidance for chronic migraine: a case report, J Pain Res. sept, vol.11, pp.1915-1924, 2018.

S. Miller, L. Watkins, and M. Matharu, Long-term outcomes of occipital nerve stimulation for chronic migraine: a cohort of 53 patients, J Headache Pain. déc, vol.17, issue.1, p.68, 2016.

Y. Chen, G. Bramley, G. Unwin, D. Hanu-cernat, J. Dretzke et al., Occipital Nerve Stimulation for Chronic Migraine-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sommer C, rédacteur, PLOS ONE. 20 mars, vol.10, issue.3, p.116786, 2015.

M. Loukas, A. El-sedfy, R. S. Tubbs, R. G. Louis, C. Wartmann et al., Identification of greater occipital nerve landmarks for the treatment of occipital neuralgia, Folia Morphol, vol.65, issue.4, pp.337-379, 2006.

J. M. Vital, F. Grenier, M. Dautheribes, H. Baspeyre, B. Lavignolle et al., An anatomic and dynamic study of the greater occipital nerve (n. of Arnold). Applications to the treatment of Arnold's neuralgia, Surg Radiol Anat SRA, vol.11, issue.3, pp.205-215, 1989.

Z. M. Naja, M. El-rajab, A. , M. A. Ziade, F. M. Tawfik et al., Occipital nerve blockade for cervicogenic headache: a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial, Pain Pract Off J World Inst Pain. juin, vol.6, issue.2, pp.89-95, 2006.

S. Haldeman and S. Dagenais, Cervicogenic headaches: a critical review, Spine J Off J North Am Spine Soc. févr, vol.1, issue.1, pp.31-46, 2001.

A. Bhatia and R. Brull, Review article: is ultrasound guidance advantageous for interventional pain management? A systematic review of chronic pain outcomes, Anesth Analg. juill, vol.117, issue.1, pp.236-51, 2013.

A. M. Adams, D. Serrano, D. C. Buse, M. L. Reed, V. Marske et al., The impact of chronic migraine: The Chronic Migraine Epidemiology and Outcomes (CaMEO) Study methods and baseline results, Cephalalgia. juin, vol.35, issue.7, pp.563-78, 2015.

H. L. Gul, A. O. Ozon, O. Karadas, G. Koc, and L. E. Inan, The efficacy of greater occipital nerve blockade in chronic migraine: A placebo-controlled study, Acta Neurol Scand. août, vol.136, issue.2, pp.138-182, 2017.

L. Stovner, K. Hagen, R. Jensen, Z. Katsarava, R. Lipton et al., The global burden of headache: a documentation of headache prevalence and disability worldwide, Cephalalgia. mars, vol.27, issue.3, pp.193-210, 2007.

, Atlas of headache disorders and resources in the world 2011. Geneva : World Health Organisation, 2011.

B. Kastler, |. Barral, and . Springer, Interventional Radiology in Pain Treatment | F

M. Loukas, A. El-sedfy, R. S. Tubbs, R. G. Louis, C. Wartmann et al., Identification of greater occipital nerve landmarks for the treatment of occipital neuralgia, Folia Morphol, vol.65, issue.4, pp.337-379, 2006.

J. M. Vital, F. Grenier, M. Dautheribes, H. Baspeyre, B. Lavignolle et al., An anatomic and dynamic study of the greater occipital nerve (n. of Arnold). Applications to the treatment of Arnold's neuralgia, Surg Radiol Anat SRA, vol.11, issue.3, pp.205-215, 1989.

G. Bovim and T. Sand, Cervicogenic headache, migraine without aura and tension-type headache. Diagnostic blockade of greater occipital and supra-orbital nerves. Pain, vol.51, pp.43-51, 1992.

S. K. Afridi, K. G. Shields, R. Bhola, and P. J. Goadsby, Greater occipital nerve injection in primary headache syndromes -prolonged effects from a single injection, Pain. mai, vol.122, issue.1, pp.126-135, 2006.

G. Lambru, A. Bakar, N. Stahlhut, L. Mcculloch, S. Miller et al., Greater occipital nerve blocks in chronic cluster headache: a prospective open-label study, Eur J Neurol. févr, vol.21, issue.2, pp.338-381, 2014.

A. Ambrosini, M. Vandenheede, P. Rossi, F. Aloj, E. Sauli et al., Suboccipital injection with a mixture of rapid-and long-acting steroids in cluster headache: a double-blind placebocontrolled study, Pain, vol.118, issue.1-2, pp.92-98, 2005.

Z. M. Naja, M. El-rajab, A. , M. A. Ziade, F. M. Tawfik et al., Occipital nerve blockade for cervicogenic headache: a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial, Pain Pract Off J World Inst Pain. juin, vol.6, issue.2, pp.89-95, 2006.

T. Vos, A. A. Abajobir, K. H. Abate, C. Abbafati, K. M. Abbas et al., Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study, The Lancet. sept, vol.390, pp.1211-59, 2016.

R. B. Lipton, S. Diamond, M. Reed, M. L. Diamond, and W. F. Stewart, Migraine Diagnosis and Treatment: Results From the American Migraine Study II, Headache J Head Face Pain. 12 juill, vol.41, issue.7, pp.638-683, 2001.

R. B. Lipton and M. E. Bigal, Migraine: Epidemiology, Impact, and Risk Factors for Progression, Headache J Head Face Pain. avr, vol.45, issue.s1, pp.3-13, 2005.

T. Steiner, A. Scher, W. Stewart, K. Kolodner, J. Liberman et al., The Prevalence and Disability Burden of Adult Migraine in England and their Relationships to Age, Gender and Ethnicity, Cephalalgia. sept, vol.23, issue.7, pp.519-546, 2003.

C. L. Gooch, E. Pracht, and A. R. Borenstein, The burden of neurological disease in the United States: A summary report and call to action: Burden of Neurological Disease, Ann Neurol. avr, vol.81, issue.4, pp.479-84, 2017.

A. M. Adams, D. Serrano, D. C. Buse, M. L. Reed, V. Marske et al., The impact of chronic migraine: The Chronic Migraine Epidemiology and Outcomes (CaMEO) Study methods and baseline results, Cephalalgia. juin, vol.35, issue.7, pp.563-78, 2015.

S. Haldeman and S. Dagenais, Cervicogenic headaches: a critical review, Spine J Off J North Am Spine Soc. févr, vol.1, issue.1, pp.31-46, 2001.

D. Toledo, I. P. , C. Réus, J. Fernandes, M. Porporatti et al., Prevalence of trigeminal neuralgia, J Am Dent Assoc. juill, vol.147, issue.7, pp.570-576, 2016.

M. Fischera, M. Marziniak, I. Gralow, and S. Evers, The incidence and prevalence of cluster headache: a meta-analysis of population-based studies, Cephalalgia Int J Headache. juin, vol.28, issue.6, pp.614-622, 2008.

G. Bovim, L. Bonamico, T. A. Fredriksen, C. F. Lindboe, A. Stolt-nielsen et al., Topographic variations in the peripheral course of the greater occipital nerve. Autopsy study with clinical correlations, Spine. avr, vol.16, issue.4, pp.475-483, 1991.

A. Kastler, A. Attye, O. Heck, F. Tahon, K. Boubagra et al., Greater occipital nerve MR tractography: Feasibility and anatomical considerations, J Neuroradiol. févr, vol.45, issue.1, pp.54-62, 2018.

S. Aubry, B. Kastler, V. Bier, V. Hadjidekov, H. H. Hussein et al., Evaluation of the effectiveness of CT-guided infiltration in the treatment of Arnold's neuralgia, Neuroradiology. mars, vol.51, issue.3, pp.163-171, 2009.

A. Kastler, Y. Onana, A. Comte, A. Attyé, J. Lajoie et al., A simplified CT-guided approach for greater occipital nerve infiltration in the management of occipital neuralgia, Eur Radiol. août, vol.25, issue.8, pp.2512-2520, 2015.

M. Greher, B. Moriggl, M. Curatolo, L. Kirchmair, and U. Eichenberger, Sonographic visualization and ultrasound-guided blockade of the greater occipital nerve: a comparison of two selective techniques confirmed by anatomical dissection, Br J Anaesth. 1 mai, vol.104, issue.5, pp.637-679, 2010.

V. Busch, J. W. Juergens, T. Schulte-mattler, W. Kaube, H. May et al., Functional Connectivity between Trigeminal and Occipital Nerves Revealed by Occipital Nerve Blockade and Nociceptive Blink Reflexes, Cephalalgia. janv, vol.26, issue.1, pp.50-55, 2006.

V. Busch, J. W. Juergens, T. Schulte-mattler, W. Kaube, H. May et al., Occipital Nerve Blockade in Chronic Cluster Headache Patients and Functional Connectivity Between Trigeminal and Occipital Nerves. Cephalalgia, vol.27, pp.1206-1220, 2007.

M. R. Mayberg, N. T. Zervas, and M. A. Moskowitz, Trigeminal projections to supratentorial pial and dural blood vessels in cats demonstrated by horseradish peroxidase histochemistry, J Comp Neurol. 10 févr, vol.223, issue.1, pp.46-56, 1984.

M. G. Buzzi, Trigeminal pain pathway: peripheral and central activation as experimental models of migraine, Funct Neurol, vol.16, issue.4, pp.77-81, 2001.

N. Bogduk, Local anesthetic blocks of the second cervical ganglion: a technique with application in occipital headache, Cephalalgia Int J Headache. mars, vol.1, issue.1, pp.41-50, 1981.

F. Pougnard-bellec, Y. Rolland, D. Morel, J. Meadeb, F. Marin et al., Efficacy of C1-C2 block with posterior parasagittal approach in the treatment of Arnold neuralgia in 24 patients, J Radiol. févr, vol.83, 2002.

B. Kastler and B. Fergane, Interventional Procedures under CT Guidance in Pain Management: (Cementoplasty Excluded), Interv Neuroradiol. oct, vol.9, pp.67-73, 2003.

S. Merran, Impact du fluoro-scanner sur la radiologie interventionnelle. RBM-News, vol.21, pp.131-135, 1999.

S. Korbe, E. N. Udoji, T. J. Ness, and M. A. Udoji, Ultrasound-guided interventional procedures for chronic pain management. Pain Manag, vol.5, pp.466-82, 2015.

A. Bhatia and R. Brull, Review article: is ultrasound guidance advantageous for interventional pain management? A systematic review of chronic pain outcomes, Anesth Analg. juill, vol.117, issue.1, pp.236-51, 2013.

J. H. Shim, S. Y. Ko, M. R. Bang, W. J. Jeon, S. Y. Cho et al., Ultrasound-guided greater occipital nerve block for patients with occipital headache and short term follow up, Korean J Anesthesiol, vol.61, issue.1, p.50, 2011.

J. Zipfel, A. Kastler, L. Tatu, J. Behr, R. Kechidi et al., Ultrasound-Guided Intermediate Site Greater Occipital Nerve Infiltration: A Technical Feasibility Study, Pain Physician. oct, vol.19, issue.7, pp.1027-1034, 2016.

M. J. Pingree, J. S. Sole, T. G. O?-brien, J. S. Eldrige, and S. M. Moeschler, Clinical Efficacy of an Ultrasound-Guided Greater Occipital Nerve Block at the Level of C2, Reg Anesth Pain Med, vol.42, issue.1, pp.99-104, 2017.

J. Fritz, A. L. Dellon, E. H. Williams, A. J. Belzberg, and J. A. Carrino, 3-Tesla High-Field Magnetic Resonance Neurography for Guiding Nerve Blocks and Its Role in Pain Management, Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am, vol.23, issue.4, pp.533-578, 2015.

M. Deli, J. Fritz, S. Mateiescu, M. Busch, J. A. Carrino et al., Saline as the Sole Contrast Agent for Successful MRI-guided Epidural Injections, Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. juin, vol.36, issue.3, pp.748-55, 2013.

A. Kastler, R. Perolat, B. Kastler, C. Maindet-dominici, J. Fritz et al., Greater occipital nerve infiltration under MR guidance: Feasibility study and preliminary results, Eur Radiol, vol.12, issue.2017, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/cea-02183909

H. A. Mclure and A. P. Rubin, Review of local anaesthetic agents, Minerva Anestesiol. mars, vol.71, issue.3, pp.59-74, 2005.

A. Johansson, J. Hao, and B. Sjölund, Local corticosteroid application blocks transmission in normal nociceptive C-fibres, Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. juill, vol.34, issue.5, pp.335-343, 1990.

T. Bartsch and P. J. Goadsby, Anatomy and Physiology of Pain Referral Patterns in Primary and Cervicogenic Headache Disorders, Headache Curr. mars, vol.2, issue.2, pp.42-50, 2005.

. Ricquart, Evaluation of the effectiveness of greater occpital nerve in the management of refractory craniofacial pain syndromes other than occipital neuralgia, RSNA, 2016.

A. Abd-elsayed, L. Kreuger, S. Wheeler, J. Robillard, S. Seeger et al., Radiofrequency Ablation of Pericranial Nerves for Treating Headache Conditions: A Promising Option for Patients, Ochsner J, vol.18, issue.1, pp.59-62, 2018.

L. W. Organ, Electrophysiologic principles of radiofrequency lesion making, Appl Neurophysiol, vol.39, issue.2, pp.69-76, 19771976.

E. J. Choi, Y. M. Choi, E. J. Jang, J. Y. Kim, T. K. Kim et al., Neural Ablation and Regeneration in Pain Practice, Korean J Pain. janv, vol.29, issue.1, pp.3-11, 2016.

J. F. Hamer and T. A. Purath, Repeat RF Ablation of C2 and Third Occipital Nerves for Recurrent Occipital Neuralgia and Cervicogenic Headaches, World J Neurosci, vol.06, issue.04, pp.236-278, 2016.

J. L. Chazen, E. J. Ebani, M. Virk, J. F. Talbott, and V. Shah, CT-Guided Block and Radiofrequency Ablation of the C2 Dorsal Root Ganglion for Cervicogenic Headache, Am J Neuroradiol. août, vol.40, issue.8, pp.1433-1439, 2019.

L. M. Hoffman, A. Abd-elsayed, T. J. Burroughs, and H. Sachdeva, Treatment of Occipital Neuralgia by Thermal Radiofrequency Ablation, Ochsner J, vol.18, issue.3, pp.209-223, 2018.

D. Byrd and S. Mackey, Pulsed Radiofrequency for Chronic Pain, Curr Pain Headache Rep. janv, vol.12, issue.1, pp.37-41, 2008.

N. Bogduk, Pulsed Radiofrequency, Pain Med. sept, vol.7, issue.5, pp.396-407, 2006.

N. Chua, K. C. Vissers, and M. E. Sluijter, Pulsed radiofrequency treatment in interventional pain management: mechanisms and potential indications-a review, Acta Neurochir (Wien). avr, vol.153, issue.4, pp.763-71, 2011.

A. Navani, G. Mahajan, P. Kreis, and S. M. Fishman, A Case of Pulsed Radiofrequency Lesioning for Occipital Neuralgia: Table 1, Pain Med. sept, vol.7, issue.5, pp.453-459, 2006.

H. J. Choi, I. H. Oh, S. K. Choi, and Y. J. Lim, Clinical Outcomes of Pulsed Radiofrequency Neuromodulation for the Treatment of Occipital Neuralgia, J Korean Neurosurg Soc, vol.51, issue.5, p.281, 2012.

P. Vanelderen, T. Rouwette, D. Vooght, P. Puylaert, M. Heylen et al., Pulsed radiofrequency for the treatment of occipital neuralgia: a prospective study with 6 months of follow-up, Reg Anesth Pain Med. avr, vol.35, issue.2, pp.148-51, 2010.

J. Huang, S. M. Galvagno, M. Hameed, I. Wilkinson, M. A. Erdek et al., Occipital nerve pulsed radiofrequency treatment: a multi-center study evaluating predictors of outcome, Pain Med Malden Mass. avr, vol.13, issue.4, pp.489-97, 2012.

M. D. Vanderhoek, H. T. Hoang, and B. Goff, Ultrasound-guided greater occipital nerve blocks and pulsed radiofrequency ablation for diagnosis and treatment of occipital neuralgia, Anesthesiol Pain Med. sept, vol.3, issue.2, pp.256-265, 2013.

J. Zhang, D. Shi, and R. Wang, Pulsed radiofrequency of the second cervical ganglion (C2) for the treatment of cervicogenic headache, J Headache Pain, vol.12, issue.5, pp.569-71, 2011.

A. M. Trescot, Cryoanalgesia in interventional pain management, Pain Physician. juill, vol.6, issue.3, pp.345-60, 2003.

A. Kastler, A. Attyé, C. Maindet, B. Nicot, E. Gay et al., Greater occipital nerve cryoneurolysis in the management of intractable occipital neuralgia, J Neuroradiol. oct, vol.45, issue.6, pp.386-90, 2018.

O. P. Keifer, A. Diaz, M. Campbell, Y. B. Bezchlibnyk, and N. M. Boulis, Occipital Nerve Stimulation for the Treatment of Refractory Occipital Neuralgia: A Case Series, World Neurosurg. sept, vol.105, pp.599-604, 2017.

S. Miller, L. Watkins, and M. Matharu, Long-term outcomes of occipital nerve stimulation for chronic migraine: a cohort of 53 patients, J Headache Pain. déc, vol.17, issue.1, p.68, 2016.

S. Miller, L. Watkins, and M. Matharu, Treatment of intractable chronic cluster headache by occipital nerve stimulation: a cohort of 51 patients, Eur J Neurol. févr, vol.24, issue.2, pp.381-90, 2017.

O. Gille, B. Lavignolle, and J. Vital, Surgical Treatment of Greater Occipital Neuralgia by Neurolysis of the Greater Occipital Nerve and Sectioning of the Inferior Oblique Muscle, Spine. avr, vol.29, issue.7, pp.828-860, 2004.

R. R. Sharma, R. V. Devadas, S. J. Pawar, S. D. Lad, and A. K. Mahapatra, Current Status of Peripheral Neurectomy for Occipital Neuralgia, Neurosurg Q. déc, vol.15, issue.4, pp.232-240, 2005.

, Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS), Cephalalgia. 1 juill, vol.33, issue.9, pp.629-808, 2013.

S. Barna, M. Hashmi, and . Neuralgia, , 2004.

P. Vanelderen, A. Lataster, R. Levy, N. Mekhail, M. Van-kleef et al., Occipital Neuralgia. Pain Pract. mars, vol.10, issue.2, pp.137-181, 2010.

J. Cho, D. W. Haun, and N. W. Kettner, Sonographic evaluation of the greater occipital nerve in unilateral occipital neuralgia, J Ultrasound Med Off J Am Inst Ultrasound Med. janv, vol.31, issue.1, pp.37-42, 2012.

L. Hwang, R. Dessouky, Y. Xi, B. Amirlak, and A. Chhabra, MR Neurography of Greater Occipital Nerve Neuropathy: Initial Experience in Patients with Migraine, Am J Neuroradiol, vol.38, issue.11, pp.2203-2212, 2017.

J. Tobin and S. Flitman, Occipital Nerve Blocks: When and What to Inject? Headache J Head Face Pain, vol.49, pp.1521-1554, 2009.

C. H. Kim, W. Hu, J. Gao, K. Dragan, T. Whealton et al., Cryoablation for the treatment of occipital neuralgia, Pain Physician. juin, vol.18, issue.3, pp.363-368, 2015.

K. V. Slavin, H. Nersesyan, and C. Wess, Peripheral Neurostimulation for Treatment of Intractable Occipital Neuralgia, Neurosurgery. 1 janv, vol.58, issue.1, pp.112-121, 2006.

I. Ducic, E. C. Hartmann, and E. E. Larson, Indications and Outcomes for Surgical Treatment of Patients with Chronic Migraine Headaches Caused by Occipital Neuralgia, Plast Reconstr Surg. mai, vol.123, issue.5, pp.1453-61, 2009.

O. Coskun, S. Ucler, B. Karakurum, H. Atasoy, T. Yildirim et al., Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patients with Cervicogenic Headache, Cephalalgia, vol.23, issue.8, pp.842-847, 2003.

M. Anthony, Cervicogenic headache: prevalence and response to local steroid therapy, Clin Exp Rheumatol. avr, vol.18, issue.2, pp.59-64, 2000.

Z. M. Naja, M. El-rajab, A. , M. A. Ziade, F. M. Tawfik et al., Repetitive Occipital Nerve Blockade for Cervicogenic Headache: Expanded Case Report of 47 Adults, Pain Pract. 1 déc, vol.6, issue.4, pp.278-84, 2006.

T. Gabrhelík, P. Michálek, and M. Adamus, Pulsed radiofrequency therapy versus greater occipital nerve block in the management of refractory cervicogenic headache -a pilot study, Prague Med Rep, vol.112, issue.4, pp.279-87, 2011.

A. Ashkenazi, A. Blumenfeld, U. Napchan, S. Narouze, B. Grosberg et al., Peripheral Nerve Blocks and Trigger Point Injections in Headache Management -A Systematic Review and Suggestions for Future Research, Headache J Head Face Pain. 7 mai, vol.50, issue.6, pp.943-52, 2010.

M. A. Hughes, A. M. Frederickson, B. F. Branstetter, X. Zhu, and R. F. Sekula, MRI of the Trigeminal Nerve in Patients With Trigeminal Neuralgia Secondary to Vascular Compression, Am J Roentgenol. mars, vol.206, issue.3, pp.595-600, 2016.

M. Weatherall, Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuropathy May Respond to Greater Occipital Nerve Injection, Cephalalgia. juin, vol.28, issue.6, pp.664-670, 2008.

L. Xia, J. Zhong, J. Zhu, Y. Wang, N. Dou et al., Effectiveness and Safety of Microvascular Decompression Surgery for Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Systematic Review, J Craniofac Surg. juill, vol.25, issue.4, pp.1413-1420, 2014.

A. M. Adams, D. Serrano, D. C. Buse, M. L. Reed, V. Marske et al., The impact of chronic migraine: The Chronic Migraine Epidemiology and Outcomes (CaMEO) Study methods and baseline results, Cephalalgia. juin, vol.35, issue.7, pp.563-78, 2015.

L. E. Inan, Greater occipital nerve blockade for the treatment of chronic migraine, Cephalalgia. oct, vol.36, issue.11, pp.1095-1095, 2016.

H. L. Gul, A. O. Ozon, O. Karadas, G. Koc, and L. E. Inan, The efficacy of greater occipital nerve blockade in chronic migraine: A placebo-controlled study, Acta Neurol Scand. août, vol.136, issue.2, pp.138-182, 2017.

S. Kwak and M. C. Chang, Management of refractory chronic migraine using ultrasound-guided pulsed radiofrequency of greater occipital nerve: Two case reports. Medicine (Baltimore), vol.97, p.13127, 2018.

S. P. Cohen, B. L. Peterlin, L. Fulton, E. T. Neely, C. Kurihara et al., Randomized, doubleblind, comparative-effectiveness study comparing pulsed radiofrequency to steroid injections for occipital neuralgia or migraine with occipital nerve tenderness, PAIN. déc, vol.156, issue.12, pp.2585-94, 2015.