J. Ferlay, I. Soerjomataram, R. Dikshit, S. Eser, C. Mathers et al., Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012: Globocan 2012, Int J Cancer. 1 mars, vol.136, issue.5, pp.359-86, 2015.

J. Didkowska, U. Wojciechowska, M. Ma?czuk, and J. ?obaszewski, Lung cancer epidemiology: contemporary and future challenges worldwide, Ann Transl Med. avr, vol.4, issue.8, pp.150-150, 2016.

R. L. Siegel, K. D. Miller, and A. Jemal, Cancer statistics, Cancer Statistics, vol.69, pp.7-34, 2019.

E. Lim, D. Baldwin, M. Beckles, J. Duffy, J. Entwisle et al., Guidelines on the radical management of patients with lung cancer, Thorax, vol.65, issue.3, pp.1-27, 2010.

G. L. Colice, S. Shafazand, J. P. Griffin, R. Keenan, and C. T. Bolliger, Physiologic Evaluation of the Patient With Lung Cancer Being Considered for Resectional Surgery, Chest. sept, vol.132, issue.3, pp.161-177, 2007.

M. J. Licker, I. Widikker, J. Robert, J. Frey, A. Spiliopoulos et al., Operative Mortality and Respiratory Complications After Lung Resection for Cancer: Impact of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Time Trends, Ann Thorac Surg. mai, vol.81, issue.5, pp.1830-1837, 2006.

D. Kawano, T. Okamoto, T. Fujishita, Y. Suzuki, H. Kitahara et al., Surgical results of resectable small cell lung cancer: Surgical outcomes for SCLC in Japan, Thorac Cancer. mars, vol.6, issue.2, pp.141-146, 2015.

H. Wada, T. Nakamura, K. Nakamoto, M. Maeda, and Y. Watanabe, Thirty-day operative mortality for thoracotomy in lung cancer, J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. janv, vol.115, issue.1, pp.70-73, 1998.

P. A. Thomas, J. Berbis, J. Baste, L. Pimpec-barthes, F. Tronc et al., Pneumonectomy for lung cancer: Contemporary national early morbidity and mortality outcomes, J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. janv, vol.149, issue.1, pp.73-83, 2015.

C. Doddoli, F. Barlesi, D. Trousse, S. Robitail, S. Yena et al., One hundred consecutive pneumonectomies after induction therapy for non-small cell lung cancer: An uncertain balance between risks and benefits, J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. août, vol.130, issue.2, pp.416-441, 2005.

S. T. Lugg, P. J. Agostini, T. Tikka, A. Kerr, K. Adams et al., Long-term impact of developing a postoperative pulmonary complication after lung surgery, Thorax. févr, vol.71, issue.2, pp.171-177, 2016.

T. Miyazaki, M. Callister, K. Franks, P. Dinesh, T. Nagayasu et al., Minute ventilation-to-carbon dioxide slope is associated with postoperative survival after anatomical lung resection. Lung Cancer, vol.125, pp.218-240, 2018.

A. Brunelli, A. Charloux, C. T. Bolliger, R. G. Sculier, J. Varela et al., ERS/ESTS clinical guidelines on fitness for radical therapy in lung cancer patients (surgery and chemo-radiotherapy), Eur Respir J. 1 juill, vol.34, issue.1, pp.17-41, 2009.

A. Brunelli, A. W. Kim, K. I. Berger, and A. Dj, Physiologic Evaluation of the Patient With Lung Cancer Being Considered for Resectional Surgery, Chest. mai, vol.143, issue.5, pp.166-190, 2013.

A. Brunelli, R. Belardinelli, M. Refai, M. Salati, L. Socci et al., Peak Oxygen Consumption During Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test Improves Risk Stratification in Candidates to Major Lung Resection, Chest. mai, vol.135, issue.5, pp.1260-1267, 2009.

D. Bechard and L. Wetstein, Assessment of Exercise Oxygen Consumption as Preoperative Criterion for Lung Resection, Ann Thorac Surg, vol.44, issue.4, pp.344-353, 1987.

D. A. Holden, T. W. Rice, K. Stelmach, and D. P. Meeker, Exercise Testing, 6-Min Walk, and Stair Climb in the Evaluation of Patients at High Risk for Pulmonary Resection, Chest. déc, vol.102, issue.6, pp.1774-1783, 1992.

S. Begum, K. Papagiannopoulos, P. E. Falcoz, H. Decaluwe, M. Salati et al., Outcome after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and open pulmonary lobectomy in patients with low VO 2 max : a case-matched analysis from the ESTS database, Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. avr, vol.49, issue.4, pp.1054-1062, 2016.

A. Brunelli, R. Belardinelli, C. Pompili, F. Xiumé, M. Refai et al., Minute Ventilation-to-Carbon Dioxide Output (e/co2) Slope Is the Strongest Predictor of Respiratory Complications and Death After Pulmonary Resection, Ann Thorac Surg. juin, vol.93, issue.6, pp.1802-1808, 2012.

H. Shafiek, J. L. Valera, B. Togores, J. A. Torrecilla, J. Sauleda et al., Risk of postoperative complications in chronic obstructive lung diseases patients considered fit for lung cancer surgery: beyond oxygen consumption, Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, vol.50, issue.4, pp.772-781, 2016.

A. Brunelli, Ventilatory efficiency slope: an additional prognosticator after lung cancer surgery, Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, vol.50, issue.4, pp.780-781, 2016.

G. Thabut and C. Chouaid, Recommandations pour la pratique clinique concernant les explorations fonctionnelles respiratoires, p.10

J. Myers, R. Arena, B. Franklin, I. Pina, W. E. Kraus et al., Recommendations for Clinical Exercise Laboratories, p.20

, bolliger -Prediction of Functional Reserves after Lung Resection.pdf

K. Wasserman, Principles of exercise testing and interpretation. 4th edn, 2004.

T. H. Lee, E. R. Marcantonio, C. M. Mangione, E. J. Thomas, C. A. Polanczyk et al., Derivation and Prospective Validation of a Simple Index for Prediction of Cardiac Risk of Major Noncardiac Surgery, Circulation. 7 sept, vol.100, issue.10, pp.1043-1052, 1999.

A. Brunelli, G. Varela, M. Salati, M. F. Jimenez, C. Pompili et al., Recalibration of the Revised Cardiac Risk Index in Lung Resection Candidates, Ann Thorac Surg. juill, vol.90, issue.1, pp.199-203, 2010.

A. Seely, J. Ivanovic, J. Threader, A. Al-hussaini, D. Al-shehab et al., Systematic Classification of Morbidity and Mortality After Thoracic Surgery, Ann Thorac Surg. sept, vol.90, issue.3, pp.936-978, 2010.

M. Salati, M. Refai, C. Pompili, F. Xiumè, A. Sabbatini et al., Major morbidity after lung resection: a comparison between the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database system and the Thoracic Morbidity and Mortality system, J Thorac Dis, vol.5, issue.3, p.6, 2013.

F. G. Fernandez, P. E. Falcoz, B. D. Kozower, M. Salati, C. D. Wright et al., The Society of Thoracic Surgeons and The European Society of Thoracic Surgeons General Thoracic Surgery Databases: Joint Standardization of Variable Definitions and Terminology, Ann Thorac Surg. janv, vol.99, issue.1, pp.368-76, 2015.

R. Torchio, M. Guglielmo, R. Giardino, F. Ardissone, C. Ciacco et al., Exercise ventilatory inefficiency and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease undergoing surgery for non-small-cell lung cancer, Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. juill, vol.38, issue.1, pp.14-23, 2010.

Y. Shen, X. Zhang, W. Ma, H. Song, Z. Gong et al., VE/VCO 2 slope and its prognostic value in patients with chronic heart failure, Exp Ther Med. avr, vol.9, issue.4, pp.1407-1419, 2015.

T. P. Chua, P. Ponikowski, D. Harrington, S. D. Anker, K. Webb-peploe et al., Clinical Correlates and Prognostic Significance of the Ventilatory Response to Exercise in Chronic Heart Failure, J Am Coll Cardiol. juin, vol.29, issue.7, pp.1585-90, 1997.

U. Corrà, A. Mezzani, E. Bosimini, and P. Giannuzzi, Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing and Prognosis in Chronic Heart Failure*, Chest. sept, vol.126, issue.3, pp.942-50, 2004.

R. Arena, J. Myers, S. S. Aslam, E. B. Varughese, and M. A. Peberdy, Peak VO 2 and VE/VCO 2 slope in patients with heart failure: a prognostic comparison, Am Heart J. févr, vol.147, issue.2, pp.354-60, 2004.

P. Ponikowski, D. P. Francis, M. F. Piepoli, L. C. Davies, T. P. Chua et al., Enhanced Ventilatory Response to Exercise in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure and Preserved Exercise Tolerance: Marker of Abnormal Cardiorespiratory Reflex Control and Predictor of Poor Prognosis, Circulation. 20 févr, vol.103, issue.7, pp.967-72, 2001.

S. Holverda, H. J. Bogaard, H. Groepenhoff, P. E. Postmus, and A. Boonstra, Vonk-Noordegraaf A. Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test Characteristics in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Associated Pulmonary Hypertension, Respiration, vol.76, issue.2, pp.160-167, 2008.

B. Vainshelboim, J. Oliveira, B. D. Fox, and M. R. Kramer, The Prognostic Role of Ventilatory Inefficiency and Exercise Capacity in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Respir Care. 1 août, vol.61, issue.8, pp.1100-1109, 2016.

J. Fennelly, L. Potter, C. Pompili, and A. Brunelli, Performance in the shuttle walk test is associated with cardiopulmonary complications after lung resections, J Thorac Dis. mars, vol.9, issue.3, pp.789-95, 2017.

A. Brunelli, M. Refai, F. Xiumé, M. Salati, V. Sciarra et al., Performance at Symptom-Limited Stair-Climbing Test is Associated With Increased Cardiopulmonary Complications, Mortality, and Costs After Major Lung Resection, Ann Thorac Surg. juill, vol.86, issue.1, pp.240-248, 2008.

M. Girish, E. Trayner, O. Dammann, V. Pinto-plata, and B. Celli, Symptom-Limited Stair Climbing as a Predictor of Postoperative Cardiopulmonary Complications After High-Risk Surgery, Chest, vol.120, issue.4, pp.1147-51, 2001.

A. Charloux, A. Brunelli, C. T. Bolliger, R. G. Sculier, J. Varela et al., Lung function evaluation before surgery in lung cancer patients: how are recent advances put into practice? A survey among members of the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons (ESTS) and of the Thoracic Oncology Section of the, Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. déc, vol.9, issue.6, pp.925-956, 2009.

G. N. Olsen, J. Bolton, D. S. Weiman, and C. A. Hornung, Stair Climbing as an Exercise Test to Predict the Postoperative Complications of Lung Resection*, Chest. mars, vol.99, issue.3, pp.587-90, 1991.

A. Brunelli, F. Xiumé, M. Refai, M. Salati, D. Nunzio et al., Peak Oxygen Consumption Measured during the Stair-Climbing Test in Lung Resection Candidates, Respiration, vol.80, issue.3, pp.207-218, 2010.

R. Belardinelli, Exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia detected by cardiopulmonary exercise testing, Eur Heart J. juill, vol.24, issue.14, pp.1304-1317, 2003.

T. Win, Comparison of shuttle walk with measured peak oxygen consumption in patients with operable lung cancer, vol.61, pp.57-60, 2005.

D. Datta and B. Lahiri, Preoperative Evaluation of Patients Undergoing Lung Resection Surgerya, Chest. juin, vol.123, issue.6, pp.2096-103, 2003.

A. Brunelli, M. Refai, F. Xiume, M. Salati, R. Marasco et al., Oxygen desaturation during maximal stair-climbing test and postoperative complications after major lung resections?, Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. janv, vol.33, issue.1, pp.77-82, 2008.

M. Ninan, K. E. Sommers, R. J. Landreneau, R. J. Weyant, J. Tobias et al., Standardized exercise oximetry predicts postpneumonectomy outcome, Ann Thorac Surg. août, vol.64, issue.2, pp.328-361, 1997.

F. Stanzani, M. Paisani-d-de, A. Oliveira, . De, R. C. Souza et al., Morbidity, mortality, and categorization of the risk of perioperative complications in lung cancer patients, J Bras Pneumol. janv, vol.40, issue.1, pp.21-30, 2014.

C. Wyser, P. Stulz, M. Solèr, M. Tamm, J. Müller-brand et al., Prospective Evaluation of an Algorithm for the Functional Assessment of Lung Resection Candidates, Am J Respir Crit Care Med. mai, vol.159, issue.5, pp.1450-1456, 1999.

T. M. Valentijn, W. Galal, E. Tjeertes, S. E. Hoeks, H. J. Verhagen et al., The obesity paradox in the surgical population, The Surgeon. juin, vol.11, issue.3, pp.169-76, 2013.

C. Wang, M. Guo, N. Zhang, and G. Wang, Association of body mass index and outcomes following lobectomy for non-small-cell lung cancer, World J Surg Oncol. déc, vol.16, issue.1, p.90, 2018.

P. A. Thomas, J. Berbis, P. Falcoz, L. Pimpec-barthes, F. Bernard et al., National perioperative outcomes of pulmonary lobectomy for cancer: the influence of nutritional status, Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 1 avr, vol.45, issue.4, pp.652-661, 2014.

S. K. Epstein, L. J. Faling, B. Daly, and B. R. Celli, Inability to Perform Bicycle Ergometry Predicts Increased Morbidity and Mortality After Lung Resection, Chest. févr, vol.107, issue.2, pp.311-317, 1995.

, Score de Charlson 1 point : infarctus du myocarde, insuffisance cardiaque congestive, artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs, accident vasculaire cérébral, démence, maladie pulmonaire chronique, connectivite, ulcère gastroduodénal, diabète 2 points : hémiplégie / insuffisance rénale modérée à sévère / diabète compliqué / tumeur solide / leucémie / lymphome 3 points : cirrhose 6 points : tumeur solide métastasée