, Annexe 3 : Synthèse d'oligonucléotides selon la méthode phosphoramidite et ajout d'un nucléolipide

, Base 1) qui correspond à la base en 3', la croissance de l'oligonucléotide se faisant de l'extrémité 3' à 5'. Les bases sont protégées par différents groupements, ils sont représentés par un cadenas et l'alcool en 5' est protégé par le DMT (dimethoxytrityl), La synthèse d'oligonucléotides est réalisée sur un support solide, indiqué en haut à gauche du schéma, présentant des billes sur lesquelles est fixée la première base

, Une étape d'oxydation ou de thiolation permet d'obtenir respectivement un phosphodiester (PO) ou phosphorothioate (PTO), vol.3

, Le couplage à chaque étape de synthèse n'étant jamais total, certains hydroxyles en 5' vont rester libres, il est donc nécessaire de bloquer ces alcools primaires n'ayant pas réagi par un groupement acétyle, ces oligonucléotides acétylés restent donc incomplets

, Pour les oligonucléotides pour lesquels le couplage s'est correctement effectué, une étape de détritylation à lieu pour libérer l'alcool en 5' [5] et ainsi permettre un nouveau couplage avec le nucléotide suivant. Les étapes de détritylation, couplage, oxydation (ou thiolation) et capping se répètent jusqu'à l

, Lors de la fin de la synthèse, une étape de déprotection doit avoir lieu pour libérer les bases, les phosphates et les alcools en 5

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