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Mémoire D'étudiant Année : 2023

Land Without Masters: local political competition since the Peruvian Land Reform (1969-1980)

Résumé

Can the historical exposure to redistribution spur local political competition and electoral participation in later elections? This study analyzes the massive land expropriation process executed under military rule in Peru from 1969 to 1980 and its effects over local politics with the return to democracy. The implementation of the reform was based on the creation of Agrarian Reform Zones (ARZ) and the use of regional offices for local execution located in high-priority reform areas within each ARZ. These zones were conceived and delimited for entirely different purposes a decade prior to the reform. Using the distance from a district to an ARZ office as an instrument, I show changes towards a more politically competitive local environment in land reform affected districts. In line with strategic responses to political competition, post-reform elections boost the participation of candidates with specific attributes: more educated, older and with indigenous background. Furthermore, candidates report more partisan experience but are also less associated with traditional politics. Evidence on driving mechanisms such as a dampened capacity of local elites for political capture, the growth of peasant-based social organization, and changes in voters' preferences towards redistribution go in line with this interpretation.
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Dates et versions

dumas-04188002 , version 1 (25-08-2023)

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  • HAL Id : dumas-04188002 , version 1

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Hector Paredes Castro. Land Without Masters: local political competition since the Peruvian Land Reform (1969-1980). Economics and Finance. 2023. ⟨dumas-04188002⟩
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