Since 1987, Sustainable Development (SD) has raisonably and justly become a new way of thinking and acting. We can no longer think in the short term. On the contrary sustainable development actions must be thought of on the long term for the generations to come. Thus economic development must take into account social and environmental constraints in order to allow future generations to live properly on a healthy planet or at least on as healthy a planet as it was left to us. In order to make theses prospects for development possible, it is crucial to train the new generations by bringing the necessary economic, social and environmental knowledge and expertise to them. The new generations must also acquire en analytical mind and a critical eye. This is what we call Éducation for Sustainable Development (ESD). In France, the Ministry of National Éducation has shown as early as 2004 how much was at stake by making ESD one of its priorities. This professional and reflective writing deals with the integration of ESD in the primary school curriculum and what teachers think about ESD but also with the difficulties which hamper its expansion.