Objective : In this context, this master thesis aims at investigating the reactions of parents of a prematured newborn when they consider to explain the situation to their elder children. We will focus on prematured birth that had required a medical care. Methods : A qualitative investigation has been undertaken to tackle this questioning. 11 semi directive interviews have been conducted with one mother and 5 couples of prematured newborns. For the couples, the mother and the father have been interviewed separately. The parents have been met at the Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Poissy / Saint-Germain-en-Laye, whith in 3 different services : the neonatal intensive care unit, the neonatal recovery unit and the neonatalogy service. Results : In this study, we have shown that several factors can impact the way parents communicate with their elder children on the delivery and on the baby’s health, despite a premature delivery had not been considered. This communication notably depends on how the parents communicated during the pregnancy and how the parents represent their children. We have also put in evidence the interest of a meeting between the premature newborn and his sibling, as it helps them to make the birth real.